scholarly journals Attitude of Indian Youth towards Homosexuality

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahni S ◽  
Gupta B ◽  
Nodiyal K ◽  
Pant V
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Interpersonal Contact ◽  
Contact Group

Homosexualism is behaviour or a phenomenon in which individuals of the same sex are attracted to or have sexual relations with each other. In India, homosexuality is a taboo subject. Much research has not been conducted to understand the attitude of Indian youth towards homosexuality. The aim of the present research was to measure the implicit attitude, and a comparative analysis between the contact group (those who are in contact with homosexual individuals) and the non-contact group (those who neither know nor are in touch with homosexual individuals) was conducted. Implicit Association Test (Greenwald, McGhee, Schwartz, 1998) was used to gauge the implicit attitude towards homosexual individuals. 100 (50 males and 50 females) undergraduate and graduate students of Delhi and NCR were taken as sample in the study. It has been highlighted through various studies that people might show a positive or a neutral attitude towards homosexuality but unconsciously it may not always be the case. The contact hypothesis (Allport, 1954) suggests that the prejudice against homosexuals can be mitigated by encouraging interpersonal contact between non-homosexual and homosexual population. The findings of this study suggests that the contact group held a positive attitude towards homosexuals (30 out of 50), while the non-contact group held a negative one (40 out of 50).

Implicit Association Test: Separating Transsituationally Stable and Variable Components of Attitudes toward Gay Men

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie C. Steffens ◽  
Axel Buchner
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Situational Factor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association

Implicit attitudes are conceived of as formed in childhood, suggesting extreme stability. At the same time, it has been shown that implicit attitudes are influenced by situational factors, suggesting variability by the moment. In the present article, using structural equation modeling, we decomposed implicit attitudes towards gay men into a person factor and a situational factor. The Implicit Association Test ( Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998 ), introduced as an instrument with which individual differences in implicit attitudes can be measured, was used. Measurement was repeated after one week (Experiment 1) or immediately (Experiment 2). Explicit attitudes towards gay men as assessed by way of questionnaires were positive and stable across situations. Implicit attitudes were relatively negative instead. Internal consistency of the implicit attitude assessment was exemplary. However, the within-situation consistency was accompanied by considerable unexplained between-situation variability. Consequently, it may not be adequate to interpret an individual implicit attitude measured at a given point in time as a person-related, trait-like factor.

scholarly journals The IAT Is Dead, Long Live the IAT: Context-Sensitive Measures of Implicit Attitudes Are Indispensable to Social and Political Psychology

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Jost
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Iq Test ◽  
Attitude Measures ◽  
Physical Height ◽  
Political Value

The implicit association test (IAT) is one of several measures of implicit attitudes, but it has attracted especially intense criticism. Some methodological objections are valid, but they are damning only if one accepts false analogies between the IAT and measures of intellectual aptitude, clinical diagnosis, or physical height. Other objections are predicated on misconceptions of the nature of attitudes (which are context-sensitive and reflect personal and cultural forces) or the naive assumption that people cannot be biased against their own group. Other criticisms are ideological, pertaining to questions of moral and political value, such as whether it is good to have fewer pro-White/anti-Black implicit attitudes and to provide respondents with feedback about their implicit attitudes. Implicit-attitude measures have been extremely useful in predicting voting and other political behavior. An indirect, unobtrusive, context-sensitive measure of attitudes is far more useful to social and political psychologists than an IQ test or clinical “diagnosis” would be, insofar as it reflects a dynamic Lewinian conception of the “person in the situation.”

Categorization and Prediction of Crimes of Passion Based on Attitudes Toward Violence

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (15) ◽  
pp. 1775-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzhen Guan ◽  
Xiaojing Li ◽  
Wei Xiao ◽  
Danmin Miao ◽  
Xufeng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Explicit Attitudes ◽  
Crimes Of Passion ◽  
Attitudes Toward Violence ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Implicit And Explicit Attitudes

The present study explored implicit and explicit attitudes toward violence in crimes of passion. Criminals ( n = 96) who had perpetrated crimes of passion and students ( n = 100) participated in this study. Explicit attitudes toward violence were evaluated using the Abnormal Personality Risk Inventory (APRI), and implicit attitude toward violence was evaluated using the Implicit Association Test (IAT). Results indicated that APRI scores of the perpetrators were significantly higher than that of the control group ( p < .05), suggesting that explicit attitudes toward violence could discriminate between the criminals and the control group. There was a significant IAT effect demonstrating a negative implicit attitude toward violence in both the control group and in the criminals ( n = 68); whereas there was a significant IAT effect manifesting a positive implicit attitude toward violence in the criminals ( n = 16) only. These results suggest that combining explicit and implicit attitudes could provide an empirical classification of crimes of passion.

Personalized SC-IAT: A Possible Way of Reducing the Influence of Societal Views on Assessments of Implicit Attitude toward Smoking

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Bardin ◽  
Stéphane Perrissol ◽  
Jacques Py ◽  
Céline Launay ◽  
Florian Escoubès
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Single Category ◽  
Societal Views

The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is used to assess attitude beyond the limitations of explicit measurements. Nevertheless, the test requires opposition between two attitude objects and also measures an extra-personal dimension of attitude that may reflect associations shared collectively. The first limitation can be overcome by using a Single Category IAT and the second by a personalized version of IAT. This study compares attitudes to smoking measured using a Single Category IAT with a personalized version of the test. The results, collected from 111 students, showed that the Single Category IAT did not distinguish smokers from non-smokers; smokers had negative scores. The personalized version did distinguish smokers from non-smokers, and smokers' scores seem to be neutral.

NOT ALL JOBS ARE SUITABLE FOR FAT PEOPLE: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE OF A LINK BETWEEN BEING FAT AND “OUT-OF-SIGHT” JOBS

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Venturini ◽  
Luigi Castelli ◽  
Silvia Tomelleri
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Interpersonal Contact ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Computerized Task ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Occupational Settings

Previous research has shown the presence of antifat bias and discrimination towards fat persons in occupational settings. The main goal of this study was to investigate whether people spontaneously associate being fat with specific types of jobs. In particular, the existence of a strong mental association between obesity and job positions that do not require interpersonal contact was hypothesized. Participants were administered a computerized task called the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) aimed at assessing the strength of the association among concepts. As expected, results demonstrated that the category “fat person” was indeed more easily paired with low-contact jobs than with jobs requiring extensive interpersonal contact. In addition, media exposure and personal body weight were found to moderate the effect. In short, the study showed that fat persons are selectively associated in the mind with different job positions, and indications about potential moderating factors are provided.

scholarly journals Fifty shades of unsaid: Women’s explicit and implicit attitudes towards sexual morality

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Lanciano ◽  
Emanuela Soleti ◽  
Francesca Guglielmi ◽  
Ivan Mangiulli ◽  
Antonietta Curci
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Moral Evaluation ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Implicit Measure ◽  
Sexual Morality ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Sex Guilt

The movie Fifty Shades of Grey has created a great deal of controversy which has reignited the debate on unusual and alternative sexual practices such as bondage. Erotophobic individuals have negative affect towards the type of sexual libertinism conveyed by the movie, while erotophilic persons have a positive attitude and emotional feelings towards this kind of sexual emancipation. Using the Implicit Association Test, this study aimed to explore the extent to which there is a difference in women's attitudes towards sexual morality on an explicit and implicit level. Our findings found that erotophobic and erotophilic women differed only on an explicit level of sex guilt and moral evaluation, while no difference in the implicit measure was found.

scholarly journals Intergroup Contact and Implicit Racial Attitudes: Contact is Related to Less Activation of Biased Evaluations but is Unrelated to Bias Inhibition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Richard Rae ◽  
Nils Karl Reimer ◽  
Jimmy Calanchini ◽  
Calvin K. Lai ◽  
Andrew M Rivers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Racial Attitudes ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Total N ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
Attitude Measures ◽  
Majority Groups

Two preregistered studies examined whether, why, and for whom intergroup contact is associated with more egalitarian implicit racial attitudes. Performance on implicit attitude measures depends on both the activation of group-relevant evaluations (e.g., positive ingroup and negative outgroup evaluations) and the inhibition of those evaluations. We used the Quad model to estimate the contributions of spontaneous evaluation and inhibition processes in the race attitude Implicit Association Test. In large samples of White and Black Americans (total N = 10,000), we tested which cognitive processes were related to respondents' contact experiences and whether respondent race moderated these relationships. Results showed that intergroup contact was associated with less activation of both negative outgroup evaluations and positive ingroup evaluations, but not with the inhibition of those evaluations. Respondent race did not moderate these associations. Our findings help explain the cognitive processes by which contact experiences improve implicit attitudes in minority and majority groups.

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