scholarly journals Loneliness, Self Esteem and Depression among Elderly People of Kashmir

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aijaz Ahmad ◽  
Mohd. Altaf ◽  
Kounsar Jan
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Age Range

India is gradually turning into graying nation. With increased life expectancy there is more number of citizens above 60-65 age range now. However the changes that come in later life – retirement, death of spouse, increased isolation – can lead to different psychological problems among which depression is quite common. At the same time, studies indicate that loneliness, self esteem are potent factors involved in such psychological problems. The present study was undertaken to find the relation of such factors on depression in elderly Kashmiris as well as their presence in different sections. The sample consisted of 100 old age retired persons taken from different districts of Kashmir. Geriatric Depression Scale, Rosenberg’s Self –Esteem Scale, and UCLA loneliness Scale were applied on the participants to collect the data. Spss 20 was used to analyse the data and results revealed significant positive as well as negative correlation among different variables. However no significant differences were found across gender and domicile of participants on any of the measure. Hence it is clear that there is relation of depression with lonliness and self-esteem, however the nature and the direction of effect is not fully established.

scholarly journals Prevalence and comparison of depression rates in geriatric patients of old age home and community, and its association with chosen demographic factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1760
Author(s):  
Preksha T. Singh ◽  
Shreyans D. Singhvi ◽  
Gautam Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Geriatric Depression

Background: Depression is an emerging mental health condition and elderly population of the world is often affected by it. In the elderly, it often goes unnoticed and often burdens them.Methods: Two groups of population one from an old age home and the other from a community were selected. Data was collected using a Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and a demographic form. The data was compiled and analyzed using Google Spreadsheets.Results: Depression rates were found in both, the old age home and the community. The rates were found higher in the old age home than the community. The demographic factors chronic illness, gender, educational status and marital status were found to be associated with depression.Conclusions: As depression in elderly is a fairly common phenomenon, it should be paid more attention. The elderly should receive intervention for the disease and be able to sustain it.

scholarly journals The Description of Characteristics Affecting Depression Level on Elderly at UPTD PSLU Blitar

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Erni Setiyorini
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Depression Level

The indicators of health of a nation is the increasing life expectancy, as shown by an increasein the proportion of the elderly population. The prevalence of elderly with depression has increased andcharacteristic factors are among the factors triggering the onset of depression in the elderly. The purposeof this research was to determine the characteristics of the elderly in UPTD PSLU Blitar, determinethe level of elderly depression and to identify the characteristics of the elderly which affects the rate ofdepression in the elderly in UPTD PSLU Blitar. The design of this research was descriptive. The populationin this study was elderly who live in UPT PSLU much as 52 people. The sample was 28 people takenby purposive sampling. The research instrument used GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale). The results ofthe research could be concluded that elderly in UPT PSLU Blitar depressed in probability depressedcategory 42.7% and average depressed category was 14.2%. Based on the age, the highest proportionof probability depression in the elderly aged 60-74 years 21.42%, according to the gender distributionof the largest depression in women is 35.71% probability depression, based on marital status as muchas 14.28% of elderly depressed being, based level of education, elderly people who are not in schoolmost experienced probability depression that is 28.57%. For further research this study could be abaseline for future studies, for UPT PSLU the research data could be used as an input to provideappropriate interventions for depression in the elderly.

Community reintegration: Therapeutic dining program for older adult following stroke

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Christina Harper
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Community Reintegration ◽  
Geriatric Depression

Therapeutic dining programs are part of the community reintegration process for clients recovering from a stroke. It is a supervised program performed in social settings that consists of a combination of techniques to improve the eating situation. Therapeutic dining programs are a beneficial form of therapy for many rehabilitative groups. This specific program has been tailored to older adults who are recovering from a stroke. Its main goals, aside from improving the eating situation, are to prevent another stroke from happening and decrease depression symptoms and increase self-esteem by reintegrating clients back into the community. I looked into several different community reintegration program and nutrition and eating after stroke studies in which positive outcomes were found for post-stroke clients. All studies and research used has provided a strong support for the specific proposed intervention program for my client Kelly, who is an older adult female recovering from a stroke. Assessments selected: The Barthel Index, Nutritional Status, and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Plan: Small group therapeutic dining program with other older adults in the afternoon. Intervention: Therapeutic Dining Program three times a week for eight weeks to improve eating situation, promote healthy eating, decrease symptoms of depression, and increase self esteem and social activity. Evaluation: The Barthel Index, Nutritional Status, Geriatric Depression Scale plus a Stroke Recovery Scorecard. Clients Goals: 1) Client will lower the risks of having another stroke. 2) Client will increase their eating situation experience and self-esteem while decreasing their depression symptoms. 3) Client will get involved in one support group or leisure activity outside of recreational therapy (RT) dining program for community reintegrated leisure pursuits.

Meaninglessness in the Second Half of Life: The Development of a Construct

1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine van Selm ◽  
Freya Dittmann-Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Personal Meaning ◽  
Sentence Completion ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Cognitive Component ◽  
Tentative Explanation

A new construct of meaninglessness in the second half of life was presented. We found that four theoretically based components of the construct of meaninglessness were expressed in the self- and life-descriptions of 95 percent of 153 Dutch independently living aged adults (age between 58 to 90 years old). The self- and life-descriptions were assessed by a content analysis of participants' answers on a sentence completion questionnaire for personal meaning (SELE). With respect to the content of the components of meaninglessness, we found that a lack of goals and an impoverishment of meaning was responsible for most motivational meaninglessness. On the affective level, meaninglessness is far more characterized by dejection-related emotions, than by agitation-related emotions. Alienation from one's self, others, or society appeared to be characteristic for most of the cognitive component of meaninglessness. The self-evaluative component was mainly characterized by low self-esteem. A tentative explanation was presented for the differences in proportion of each of the components, pointing to the cumulative character of the construct itself. Meaninglessness correlates positively with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) ( r = .37, p < .01) and negatively with the Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOCQ) ( r = −.31, p < .01), which contributes to the cross-validation of the construct.

Perceptions of self-stigma and its correlates among older adults with depression: a preliminary study

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1180-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perla Werner ◽  
Ifat Stein-Shvachman ◽  
Jeremia Heinik
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Body Of Knowledge

ABSTRACTBackground: Depression is common in old age and is often associated with stigma. However, to date, little is known about self-stigma (internalization of stigmatic beliefs) in depressed older people despite its importance and consequences. The aim of this study was to examine self-stigma and its correlates in depressed older people.Methods: Phone interviews were conducted with 54 persons diagnosed with major depression (78% female, average age = 74) from a psychogeriatric clinic in the central area of Israel. Self-stigma was assessed using an adapted version of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Health (ISMI) scale. Symptoms of depression were assessed using the short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Self-esteem was measured using Rosenberg's Self Esteem Scale. Information regarding sociodemographic and psychiatric health characteristics was also collected.Results: Self-stigma was relatively moderate with 10% to 20% of the participants reporting self-stigma. Those who reported higher levels of self-stigma were younger than those who did not report it. Income and education were lower in persons who reported high levels of stigmatization. Persons who reported stigmatization scored higher on the GDS and reported lower self-esteem than those without stigmatization.Conclusions: This study represents an effort to examine the correlates of self-stigma in depressed older people. Since self-stigma exists among older adults, further studies are required to extend this body of knowledge.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with depression among the elderly in a rural community

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4850
Author(s):  
Sandhya Mishra ◽  
Amit Nandan Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
World Population ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Background: Senior citizen elderly or old age consists of ages close to or exceeding the average life span of human beings. The limit of old age cannot be defined precisely because it does not have the same meaning in all societies by the middle of this century, there could be 100 million elderly people living in the India according to United Nations World population prospects report. Depression is the common psychiatric disorder among elderly. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of Depression among elderly in a rural population. Design of the study was a cross sectional study conducted among 450 elderly populations in rural community of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.Methods: A validated geriatric depression scale (Geriatric depression scale (GDS) 30) was used to assess their depression status and the various demographic details, socio economic status and living arrangements were analyzed to see for any association with depression. Statistical analysis was chi square test and odds ratio.Results: Among the 450 elderly subjects studied. The prevalence of depression among elderly males was found to be 48% and among females 56% and the difference in the prevalence of depression among males and females was found to be statistically significance (p=0.03).Conclusions: The results confirmed that there is a high prevalence of depression among the elderly population. There is a need to improve geriatrics health care services combined with proper monitoring and evaluation.

Screening for Depression with the Depression in Old Age Scale (DIA-S) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS15)

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Heidenblut ◽  
Susanne Zank
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Medically Ill

Purpose of the study. The Depression in Old Age Scale (DIA-S), a new screening tool for geriatric depression, was designed to be both practical and appropriate for use with medically ill geriatric patients. The diagnostic accuracy of the DIA-S and the short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS15) were tested and compared. Methods. Using the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) as gold standard, the scales were validated with a sample of N = 331 geriatric inpatients. Results. ROC curves, AUC outcomes, sensitivity and specificity, and logistic regression models for impact factors on misclassification rates indicate good psychometrical qualities of the DIA-S, whereas the validity of the GDS15 was lower.

scholarly journals Screening for Depression in Old Age With Very Short Instruments: The DIA-S4 Compared to the GDS5 and GDS4

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 233372142098132
Author(s):  
Sonja Heidenblut ◽  
Susanne Zank
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Short Forms ◽  
Test Efficiency ◽  
Geriatric Inpatients ◽  
Screening Scale

Purpose of the Study: This article presents a short form of the Depression in old Age Scale with four items (DIA-S4). The diagnostic accuracy of the DIA-S4 was tested and compared to short forms of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS5, GDS4). Methods: Using the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) as gold standard, the scales were validated with a sample of N = 331 geriatric inpatients. Results: The DIA-S4 had an internal consistency of .70, the GDS5 of .55, and the GDS4 of .58. The test efficiency considering ROC analyses for the DIAS-4 was AUC = .86, for the GDS5 AUC = .78, and for the GDS4 AUC = .74. The best cut-off score for the DIA-S4 was 1.5 with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 68%, for the GDS4 1.5 with a sensitivity of 58% and a specificity of 81%, and for the GDS5 1.5 with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 49%. Conclusion: Based on the data of this study, the DIA-S4 shows better psychometrical qualities than the GDS5 and the GDS4. It can be used as a very short screening scale for depression in old age in research and clinical practice.

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