Relationship between Psychiatric Disorder & Suicidal Attempt: A Personality Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupali Chandola ◽  
S. C. Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Suicidal Attempt ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Maladaptive Behaviors ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Bipolar Mood Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: Suicide is considered as an essential psychological and social problem, there is a universal attempt to prevent it. The prevalence of contemplating suicide is 16% and suicide attempt is 4.4% during one’s life. Inflexible personality traits play an important role in the development of maladaptive behaviors among patients who attempt suicide. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality profiles and suicidal attempt. Materials and Methods: eighty patients taken from Noormanzil Psychiatric Clinic& Hospital, Lucknow, U.P. India. Out of 80, 40 participants attempted suicide and rest of 40 non suicidal groups. Fifty two patients were in door and twenty eight were out door patients taken in this study. Dimension Personality Inventory (DPI) was administered on all the included subjects Results: There was highly significant difference in the mean score (p<0.05) on ‘activity –passivity’, ‘Enthusiastic- non enthusiastic’, ‘assertive- submissive ‘dimension of DPI between suicidal and non suicidal group of psychiatric patients. Conclusion: The findings of our study show that 22.5% of suicide attempters have bipolar mood disorder at least one maladaptive personality traits.

scholarly journals Intracranial Pressure during External Ventricular Drainage Weaning Is an Outcome Predictor of Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jia-cheng Gu ◽  
Hong Wu ◽  
Xing-zhao Chen ◽  
Jun-feng Feng ◽  
Guo-yi Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Unfavorable Outcome ◽  
Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Outcome Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

External ventricular drainage (EVD) is widely used in patients with a traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the EVD weaning trial protocol varies and insufficient studies focus on the intracranial pressure (ICP) during the weaning trial. We aimed to establish the relationship between ICP during an EVD weaning trial and the outcomes of TBI. We enrolled 37 patients with a TBI with an EVD from July 2018 to September 2019. Among them, 26 were allocated to the favorable outcome group and 11 to the unfavorable outcome group (death, post-traumatic hydrocephalus, persistent vegetative state, and severe disability). Groups were well matched for sex, pupil reactivity, admission Glasgow Coma Scale score, Marshall computed tomography score, modified Fisher score, intraventricular hemorrhage, EVD days, cerebrospinal fluid output before the weaning trial, and the complications. Before and during the weaning trial, we recorded the ICP at 1-hour intervals to calculate the mean ICP, delta ICP, and ICP burden, which was defined as the area under the ICP curve. There were significant between-group differences in the age, surgery types, and intensive care unit days (p=0.045, p=0.028, and p=0.004, respectively). During the weaning trial, 28 (75.7%) patients had an increased ICP. Although there was no significant difference in the mean ICP before and during the weaning trial, the delta ICP was higher in the unfavorable outcome group (p=0.001). Moreover, patients who experienced death and hydrocephalus had a higher ICP burden, which was above 20 mmHg (p=0.016). Receiver operating characteristic analyses demonstrated the predictive ability of these variables (area under the curve AUC=0.818 [p=0.002] for delta ICP and AUC=0.758 [p=0.038] for ICP burden>20 mmHg). ICP elevation is common during EVD weaning trials in patients with TBI. ICP-related parameters, including delta ICP and ICP burden, are significant outcome predictors. There is a need for larger prospective studies to further explore the relationship between ICP during EVD weaning trials and TBI outcomes.

scholarly journals Socially prescribed perfectioism and personality

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
María Vicent ◽  
Cándido J. Inglés ◽  
Carolina Gonzálvez ◽  
Ricardo Sanmartín ◽  
José Manuel García-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP) and the Big Five personality traits in a sample of 804 Primary School students between 8 and 11 years old (M=9.57; SD=1.12). The SPP subscale of the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS) and the Big Five Questionnaire for Children (BFQ-N), which evaluate the traits of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, were used. The mean difference analysis showed that students with high levels of SPP scored significantly higher on Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Extraversion and Openness, with small effect sizes for all cases. In contrast, no significant differences were observed in Neuroticism. Logistic regression analysis revealed that all personality traits, except neuroticism, whose results didn’t reach the statistical significance, significantly and positively predicted higher scores on PSP, with OR levels ranging from 1.01 (for Conscientiousness and Agreeableness) to 1.03 (for Openness and Extraversion).

scholarly journals Effects of Language Learning Strategies and Learners’ Motivation on Students’ Learning Achievement

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Yuan Cheng ◽  
Nai-Ying Chang
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Language Learning Strategies ◽  
Course Performance ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
New Information ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

<p>This study investigated whether learning strategies had made any impact on learners’ achievement and explored whether learning motivation was correlated with learning strategies. The participants of this study were the students from the EFL (English as a Foreign Language) intermediate level course at a college in Taiwan. The students were given a pretest and a posttest. The mean scores of these tests were compared with a SILL survey (Strategies Inventory for Language Learning) at the end of the investigation. The participants’ course performance was compared with their use of learning strategies. The assumption of the relationship between learning strategies and motivation is that motivated learners have a greater desire to seek out solutions or support from others and employ more strategies to process the new information. The results of this investigation revealed that only the memory strategies had a significant difference in the posttest of Group A on the independent sample t-test analysis.</p>

The relationship between workload and adherence to professional codes of ethics among a sample of Iranian nurses

2021 ◽  
pp. 147775092110401
Author(s):  
Mahsa Dadkhah-Tehrani ◽  
Mohsen Adib-Hajbaghery
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perceived Workload ◽  
Professional Codes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Professional Codes Of Ethics ◽  
The Relationship

Background Many studies have investigated the adherence to professional codes of ethics by nurses. However, no study has explicitly examined the relationship between workload and adherence to professional codes of ethics among Iranian nurses. Objective This study aimed to explore the relationships between workload and adherence to professional codes of ethics among a sample of Iranian nurses. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 213 nurses who were randomly selected from the different wards of Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan, Iran. Data collection instruments included a personal characteristics questionnaire, the Nursing Ethics Questionnaire, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index. The Chi-square, the Spearman correlation coefficient, the Kruskal–Wallis, and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. Results A majority of nurses were females (77.5%), married (79.3%), and permanently employed (55.4%). The mean of the overall perceived workload and adherence to professional codes of ethics were 76.36 ± 13.64 and 13.98 ± 2.58, that were at high and moderated level, respectively. Spearman correlation test showed no significant correlation between perceived workload and adherence to professional codes of ethics ( r = 0.03, P = 0.6). A significant difference was found between the mean scores of adherence to professional codes of ethics in nurses working in different departments ( P < 0.001). Conclusion Participating nurses perceived high levels of workload but their mean adherence to professional codes of ethics was at a moderate level. The perceived workload was indirectly correlated with adherence to professional codes of ethics.

scholarly journals Personality Correlates of Optimism among Couples

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseem Ahmad ◽  
Azmat Jahan ◽  
Nasheed Imtiaz
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Eysenck Personality Inventory ◽  
Personality Correlates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Orientation Test

This study aimed to examine the relationship between optimism and personality traits (extraversion-introversion, emotional stability-neuroticism and psychoticism) among couples. The study sample consisted of 30 couples, N=60 (30 males and 30 females) with age ranging from 22 to 28 years were selected from the various places of Delhi NCR. For assessing personality traits, Eysenck Personality Inventory-Revised (EPI-R) by Hans Eysenck was employed and for assessing optimism, Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) developed by Scheier, Carver, and Bridges (1994) was used. Results of the present study were analysed using Pearson-r correlation and t test. Results of study revealed that:  there is a significant positive correlation between optimism and extraversion (personality traits), (r=.368) and no significant correlation between any other constructs of personality and optimism.  Also, there is no significant difference found between male and female on any of the personality traits (extraversion, (t=.912); neuroticism, (t=-.134); and psychoticism, (t=-.423).) and optimism, (t=1.548). The study has important implications for intervention programs.

scholarly journals Relationship between Growth and Wood properties in Agathis sp. Planted in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Futoshi Ishiguri ◽  
Kazuko Makino ◽  
Imam Wahyudi ◽  
Jun Tanabe ◽  
Yuya Takashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Quality ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pilodyn Penetration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

The present study clarified the relationship between the growth and wood properties of 54-year-old Agathis sp. trees planted in Indonesia. Stem diameter, pilodyn penetration, and stress-wave velocity (SWV) were measured for all trees (35 trees) in a plot (30  30 m) located almost at the center of a stand. Based on the mean stem diameter, 10 standard trees in a plot were selected for measuring the basic density (BD) and compressive strength parallel to grain (CS). Core samples (5 mm in diameter) were collected from the 10 selected trees to determine BD and CS. The mean stem diameter, pilodyn penetration and SWV in the plot were 40.2  11.3 cm, 23.4  2.1 cm, and 3.85  0.43 km/s, respectively. No  significant correlation coefficeint (r = -0.327, no significance at 5% level) was obtained between stem diameter and SWV. The mean BD and CS in the 10 trees were 0.42  0.03 g/cm3  and 28.1  2.7 MPa, respectively. A significant positive  correlation was observed between BD and CS. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a significant difference between BD and CS values of the 10 trees, indicating that wood properties may differ among trees with the same standard growth in a stand. From these results, we concluded that wood quality improvement in this species could be achieved by selecting  trees with high density and strength in tree breeding programs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the relationship between spatial abilities and anatomy learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Mustafa Aydın ◽  
Mehmet Tuğrul Yılmaz ◽  
Muzaffer Şeker
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Spatial Ability ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Spatial Abilities ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mental Rotation Test ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the spatial abilities of medical school students and their learning in anatomy. Methods: The spatial abilities of the 120 students (74 females, 46 males) were examined using Mental Rotation Test (MRT). The relationship between the mental rotation scores and the mean scores of their practical and theoretical anatomy examinations was determined in terms of gender. Results: The study revealed that mental rotation skills of female participants were lower than males; however, there was no significant difference in their exam (theoretical and practical anatomy examinations) scores in terms of gender. The spatial ability of the students had a low level significant effect on their anatomy scores, regarding practical applications. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed a significant relationship between students’ spatial ability and their success in practical anatomy examinations. This suggests that improving spatial ability skills may have a significant contribution to practical anatomy learning and may be considered as a part of anatomy education.

scholarly journals The examination of the personality traits and optimal performance mood of the university athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
A. Ceviker ◽  
K. Ozlu ◽  
G. Deryahanoglu ◽  
C. Demirdoken ◽  
H. Turkay
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Weekly Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Study Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between personality traits and optimal performance mood in response to gender, sports branch, weekly training hours of the athletes competing in the university league variables. Material and Methods: A total of 250 volunteer athletes from 17 universities, 75 female and 175 male, participated in the study. 95 of the athletes are basketball and 155 are volleyball players. In addition to the personal information form which includes demographic information prepared by the researchers, “Optimal Performance Mood Scale” developed by Jackson and Eklund (2004) and adapted to Turkish by Aşçı et al. (2007) and “5-factor personality traits scale” developed by Benet-Martinez, John (1998) and adapted to Turkish by Schmitt, Allik, McCrae and Benet-Martinez (2007) were applied to the participants. Frequency analysis was applied in order to determine the participants’ demographic information based on the statistical data analysis, and unpaired t-test was applied to determine the personal traits and optimal performance mood scores in response to gender, branch, weekly training sessions. Furthermore, in order to determine the relationship between that personal traits and optimal performance moods correlation test was applied. Statistical significance level was accepted as p <0.05. Results: As a result of the analysis of the data obtained; while there was no significant difference between the athletes according to the gender variable, it was concluded that there was a significant difference between sports branch, weekly sport variables and personality traits and optimal performance moods. In addition, a positive correlation was found between the participants' personality traits and optimal performance moods as a result of the correlation test (r=0,608). Conclusions: This study has proved that personality traits and optimal performance moods effect one another positively and gender variable makes no significant difference. Yet, sport branches and weekly training hours makes meaningful differences between general and subscales scores.

The Relationship Between N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide Level and Myocardial Performance Index and Their Prognostic Importances in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction in Short Term Follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Mehmet Küçükosmanoğlu ◽  
Cihan Örem
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Ejection Time ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: MPI is an echocardiographic parameter that exibit the left ventricular functions globally. NT-proBNP  is an important both diagnostic and prognostic factor in heart failure. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of serum NT-proBNP levels and MPI in patients with STEMI. Method: Totally 104 patients with a diagnosis of STEMI were included in the study. Patients followed for 30-days and questioned for presence of symptoms of heart failure (HF) and cardiac death. Patients were invited for outpatient control after 30-days and were divided into two groups: (HF (+) group) and (HF (-) group). Results: Totally 104 patients with STEMI were hospitalized in the coronary intensive care unit. Of those patients, 17 were female (16%), 87 were male (84%), and the mean age of the patients was 58.9±10.8 years. During the 30-day follow-up, 28 (27%) of 104 patients developed HF. The mean age, hypertension ratio and anterior STEMI rate were significantly higher in the HF (+) group compared to the HF (-) group. Ejection time (ET) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were significantly lower and MPI was significantly higher in the HF (+) group. When the values on day first and  sixth were compared, NT-ProBNP levels were decreased in both groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the change in MPI values on the first and sixth days. Multiple regression analysis showed that the presence of anterior MI, first day NT-proBNP level and LVEF were independently associated with development of HF and death. Conclusion: In our study, NT-proBNP levels were found to be positively associated with MPI in patients with acute STEMI. It was concluded that the level of NT-proBNP detected especially on the 1st day was more valuable than MPI in determining HF development and prognosis after STEMI.  

P3754Comparison of the transdermal bisoprolol patch with the oral bisoprolol fumarate administration as a therapeutic agent for idiopathic frequent premature ventricular contractions

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shinohara ◽  
R Wada ◽  
K Akitsu ◽  
T Kinoshita ◽  
H Yuzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Premature Ventricular Contractions ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Initiation Of Therapy ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The transdermal bisoprolol patch (TB) was designed to maintain a sustained concentration of bisoprolol in plasma by higher trough concentration than the oral bisoporolol fumarate administration (OB). It is unclear whether the TB is as effective in treating idiopathic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) as the OB. Purpose We compared the efficacy between the TB and OB in treating idiopathic PVCs while considering their duration of action. Methods Among 198 patients with a PVC count of ≥3,000 beats/24 hours, 84 patients were divided into groups treated with TB 4mg (n=50) or OB 2.5mg (n=34). The PVCs were divided into positive heart rate (HR)-dependent PVCs (P-PVCs) and non-positive HR-dependent PVCs (NP-PVCs) based on the relationship between the hourly PVCs density and hourly mean HR. To evaluate the efficacy, PVC counts by 24-hour Holter electrocardiograms were measured at baseline and at 1 month after the initiation of the therapy. Results There were no significant between-group differences for the mean HR, PVC count, or type of PVCs. Both the TB (from 16,692±9,737 to 10,442±10,711 beats/24 hours, P<0.001) and OB (from 19,633±16,298 to 9,235±12,124 beats/24 hours, P<0.001) significantly decreased the total PVC count after the initiation of therapy, and a comparison between the two drugs showed no significant difference (P=0.46). In the P-PVC group, both the TB and OB significantly decreased the total PVC count (P<0.001, P=0.022 respectively), PVC count during the day-time (P<0.001, P=0.030 respectively), and PVC count during the night-time (P=0.0038, P=0.022 respectively). In contrast, in the NP-PVC group, neither the TB nor OB made any significantly change in the total PVC count (P=0.079, P=0.10 respectively), PVC count during the day-time (P=0.35, P=0.12 respectively), or PVC count during the night-time (P=0.11, P=0.12 respectively). The TB exhibited a significant reduction during each time period regarding the changes within 24-hours in the P-PVC count from baseline, while the OB did not significantly reduce the P-PVC count from baseline during each time period between 0 and 5 o'clock. Conclusions Compared with the OB, the TB could be used with the same efficacy for reducing the PVC count. The TB could be a more useful therapeutic agent for idiopathic P-PVCs during a 24-hour period than the OB.

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