scholarly journals A Review on Cognitive Representations in Substance Use Disorders and Essence of Cognitive Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geeta Singh ◽  
Dr. G. S. Kaloiya
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Social Area ◽  
Global Population

Substance dependence is a chronic and highly prevalent condition leading to dysfunction in personal, occupational and social area that can occur during periods of heavy alcohol consumption and even following treatment. According to WHO estimates in year 2010, 3.4-6.6 per cent of the world’s population in age group of 15-64 had used an illicit substance at least once in their life (WHO, 2012). Illicit drug use globally led deaths in range of 99,000 to 253,000 in the year 2010 (WHO, 2012). Recent report of WHO (2014) suggests that 38.3% of the global population consume alcohol and on an average, an individual over 15 years of age consume 6.2 litres of alcohol annually. Thus drug dependence has become a worldwide crisis as it is associated with adverse social and economic consequences as well as physical and mental illness.

scholarly journals Challenges Faced By Parent Due To the Presence of Mentally Handicapped Person in the Family

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Meeta, Mukherjee ◽  
Dr. Vijay, Shignapure
Keyword(s):  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Handicapped Person ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
The Family ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Social Area ◽  
Global Population

Substance dependence is a chronic and highly prevalent condition leading to dysfunction in personal, occupational and social area that can occur during periods of heavy alcohol consumption and even following treatment. According to WHO estimates in year 2010, 3.4-6.6 per cent of the world’s population in age group of 15-64 had used an illicit substance at least once in their life (WHO, 2012). Illicit drug use globally led deaths in range of 99,000 to 253,000 in the year 2010 (WHO, 2012). Recent report of WHO (2014) suggests that 38.3% of the global population consume alcohol and on an average, an individual over 15 years of age consume 6.2 litres of alcohol annually. Thus drug dependence has become a worldwide crisis as it is associated with adverse social and economic consequences as well as physical and mental illness.

THE INFLUENCE OF HEAVY ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ON HIV INFECTION AND PROGRESSION

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 685-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. THOMAS ◽  
E. M. LUNGU
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
African Region ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Hiv Aids

The Sub-Sahara African region is inhabited by only 11% of the global population, but is home to 67% of the total HIV infected people and accounts for more than 70% of global AIDS deaths. In this study, we construct a mathematical model to investigate the effect of heavy alcohol consumption on the transmission and progression of HIV/AIDS, and to assess the impact of heavy drinkers on HIV/AIDS related social and health problems such as TB case load and number of orphans. Using demographic data for Botswana, we have shown that if more HIV/AIDS individuals had been de-addicted from heavy alcohol consumption, the severity of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the impact of HIV/AIDS on the number of TB cases and orphans would have been significantly less than is the case currently. The study points to the vital need for counseling and education about the evils of heavy alcohol consumption and for alcohol de-addiction programmes.

scholarly journals Effect of Alcohol Dependence on QTc Interval - A Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
pp. 1521-1525
Author(s):  
Kadappa Jaligidad ◽  
Ajinkya Dilip Auti ◽  
Appu Patil
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Severe Heart Failure ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND Deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system like alcoholic cardiomyopathy and severe heart failure has been seen in those who are having chronic or heavy alcohol consumption. Majority of the clinical studies were based on selected group of patients like severe heart failure, as compared to that, the study among asymptomatic alcoholics were not well studied. Chronic and heavy alcohol consumption leads to adverse effects like arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation and life-threatening re-entrant ventricular arrhythmias which can be predicted by studying QTc interval. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of alcohol dependence on QTc interval. METHODS This is a Hospital based case control study conducted among patients admitted in SNMC & HSK hospital with diagnosis as Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) according to International classification of diseases (ICD) 10 criteria from October 2020 to December 2020. 30 alcohol dependence cases and 30 age matched controls above 18 years of age were selected. The ECG was recorded in lying down and resting position. The ECG results were analysed for QTc interval. Sample size estimation was done using open epi Software version 2.3.1. RESULTS Among the 30 cases, 53.3 % had prolonged QTc interval. Out of these, 11 were in the age group of 18 - 35 years, 17 were in 36 - 55 years while 2 were in the age group > 55 years while in 30 controls only 1 had prolonged QTc in the age group of 36 - 55 years. CONCLUSIONS A prolonged QTc interval was observed in 16 out of 30 cases which provides the evidence, that prolonged QTc interval was significant in alcohol dependence patients. Hence, early detection of ECG changes like prolonged QTc interval will help in preventing the adverse cardiovascular events and comorbidities associated with it. KEYWORDS QTc Interval, ECG, Alcohol Dependence

Assessing efficacy of a retention-in-care intervention among HIV patients with depression, anxiety, heavy alcohol consumption and illicit drug use

AIDS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1111-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lytt I. Gardner ◽  
Gary Marks ◽  
Lokesh Shahani ◽  
Thomas P. Giordano ◽  
Tracey E. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Care Intervention ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption

scholarly journals Coronary deaths during Midsummer festival in Finland: miseries of long, light nights

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simo Näyhä
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Adverse Consequence ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Summer Peak ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption

AbstractThis paper examines whether the anomalous summer peak in deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD) in Finland could be attributed to adverse effects of the Midsummer festival and alcohol consumption during the festival. Daily deaths from CHD and alcohol poisoning in Finland, 1961–2014, that occurred during the 7 days centering on Midsummer Day were analysed in relation to deaths during 14 to 4 days before and 4 to 14 after Midsummer Day. Daily counts of deaths from CHD among persons aged 35–64 years were regressed on days around the Midsummer period by negative binomial regression. Mortality from CHD was highest on Midsummer Day (RR 1.25 (95% confidence interval 1.12–1.31), one day after the peak in deaths from alcohol poisonings. RR for CHD on Midsummer Day was particulary high (RR = 1.43; 1.09–1.86) in the 2000s, 30% of deaths being attributable to that day. In conclusion, the anomalous and prominent summer peak in deaths from CHD in Finland is an adverse consequence of the Midsummer festival. The most likely underlying reason is heavy alcohol consumption during the festival period, especially on Midsummer Eve. In the 2000s, one third of deaths from CHD on Midsummer Day are preventable.

scholarly journals Current Heavy Alcohol Consumption is Associated with Greater Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2435-2444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Woods ◽  
Eric C. Porges ◽  
Vaughn E. Bryant ◽  
Talia Seider ◽  
Assawin Gongvatana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption

Do community mental health teams caring for severely mentally ill patients adjust treatments and services based on patients’ antisocial or criminal behaviours?

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hodgins ◽  
A. Cree ◽  
F. Khalid ◽  
K. Patel ◽  
R. Sainz-Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Severely Mentally Ill

AbstractBackgroundAntisocial behaviour is common among patients with severe mental illness (SMI) requiring hospitalisation.AimTo determine whether differential treatments and services are provided to patients with SMI who engage in antisocial behaviour.MethodA random sample of 161 inpatients with SMI were recruited from general adult wards and assessed at baseline and two years later. Information on symptoms, aggressive behaviour, substance misuse, and service use was obtained from patients and clinical files.ResultsPast antisocial behaviours were not associated with type or intensity of treatments and services. Severity of positive symptoms, aggressive behaviour, and illicit drug use were positively associated with the frequency of CMHT contact, but not with the type of CMHT, type of medication, or other treatments and benefits.ConclusionsWhile the frequency of meetings with CMHTs increased with the severity of antisocial behaviours, no specific treatments were provided to patients with SMI engaging in antisocial behaviours.

Abstract P002: Heavy Alcohol Consumption Increases the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation -Circulatory Risk in Communities Study(CIRCS)

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihiko Sano ◽  
Tetsuya Ohira ◽  
Akihiko Kitamura ◽  
Hironori Imano ◽  
Renzhe Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Ethanol Drinking ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Detailed Medical History ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption

Background— Evidence on the relationship of a wide range of alcohol consumption with risk of incident atrial fibrillation has been limited. Methods— Between 1991 and 1995, 8602 Japanese men and women aged 30 to 80 years and free of clinical atrial fibrillation took part in the first examination of the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study(CIRCS)- a population based cohort study of cardiovascular risk factors, cardiovascular disease incidence, and their trends in Japanese communities. In the first examination, we checked a detailed medical history, physical examination, blood and urine examination, and electrocardiogram (ECG). An interviewer obtained histories in detail for weekly alcohol intake. In the follow-up period, incident atrial fibrillations were ascertained by annual ECG record and medical history of treatment of atrial fibrillation. ECGs were coded with the Minnesota Code by trained physician-epidemiologists. Differences in baseline characteristics between atrial fibrillation cases and controls were compared using Student t-tests or chi-squared tests. The hazard ratios (HRs) of incidence of atrial fibrillation and 95% confidence interval (CI) relative to the never-drinking group were calculated with adjustment for age and other potential confounding factors using the Cox proportional hazard model. Results— During an average follow-up of 6.4 years, 290 incident atrial fibrillation occurred. The higher incidence rate of atrial fibrillation was observed among participants with more than 69 g of ethanol drinking per week, compared with less than 69 g of ethanol drinking per week. On the other hand, light to moderate alcohol consumption was not associated with risk of atrial fibrillation. Compared with the never drinking group, the multivariable-adjusted HRs of past, light (<23 g), light moderate (23-46 g), moderate (46-69 g), and heavy (>69 g) drinking groups were 1.20 (95% CI, 0.61-2.35), 0.85 (95% CI, 0.57-1.27), 1.05 (95% CI, 0.63-1.75), 1.34 (95% CI, 0.78-2.32), and 2.92 (95% CI, 1.61-5.28), respectively. Conclusions— Heavy alcohol consumption was associated with the higher risk of atrial fibrillation, whereas there was no association of less than moderate alcohol consumption and atrial fibrillation.

scholarly journals Protection of Gastrointestinal Mucosa from Acute Heavy Alcohol Consumption: The Effect of Berberine and Its Correlation with TLR2, 4/IL1β-TNFα Signaling

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0134044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Pei Wang ◽  
Fan Lei ◽  
Feng Du ◽  
Yu-Shuang Chai ◽  
Jing-Fei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Gastrointestinal Mucosa ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Consumption
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