scholarly journals Effect of Natural Gas Composition on the Performance of a CNG Engine

2008 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kim ◽  
H. Kim ◽  
B. Kim ◽  
K. Lee ◽  
K. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Cng Engine

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Influence of Natural Gas Composition on the Performance of a CNG Engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirhasan Kakaee ◽  
Majid Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Natural Gases ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Cng Engine ◽  
Engine Power

Natural gas is the cleanest fossil fuel and it has high energy conversion efficiencies for power generation in internal combustion engines. Natural gases have varying composition depending on the place where they are produced. This paper studies the effects of natural gas composition on the combustion and emissions characteristics of CNG engines and presents the overall combustion characteristics obtained from running a 1.65 L, 4-cylinder EF 7 CNG engine. Engine power, Torque, BMEP and BSFC were measured under steady state operation conditions at full load conditions. The obtained simulation results were compared with experimental ones in the literature and showed that the CNG composition had a considerable influence on engine performance and fuel economy. A correlation has been proposed to help gain insight into the relationship between the Methane Number (MN) and engine power, and it provides a practical method for estimating the engine power when the composition of natural gases varies.

Modeling of Natural Gas Composition Effect on Low NOx Burners Operation in Heavy Duty Gas Turbine

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Romano ◽  
Roberto Meloni ◽  
Giovanni Riccio ◽  
Pier Carlo Nassini ◽  
Antonio Andreini
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Annular Combustor ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine ◽  
Minimal Environmental Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper addresses the impact of natural gas composition on both the operability and emissions of lean premixed gas turbine combustion system. This is an issue of growing interest due to the challenge for gas turbine manufacturers in developing fuel-flexible combustors capable of operating with variable fuel gases while producing very low emissions at the same time. Natural gas contains primarily methane (CH4) but also notable quantities of higher order hydrocarbons such as ethane (C2H6) can also be present. A deep understanding of natural gas combustion is important to obtain the highest combustion efficiency with minimal environmental impact. For this purpose, Large Eddy Simulations of an annular combustor sector equipped with a partially premixed burner are carried out for two different natural gas compositions with and without including the effect of flame strain rate and heat loss resulting in a more adequate description of flame shape, thermal field, and extinction phenomena. Promising results, in terms of NOx, compared against available experimental data, are obtained including these effects on the flame brush modeling, enhancing the fuel-dependency under nonadiabatic condition.

Pyrolysis of Natural Gas: Effects of Process Variables and Reactor Materials on the Product Gas Composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-698
Author(s):  
Steven Wang ◽  
Woo Jin Lee ◽  
Chao'en Li ◽  
Benny Kuan ◽  
Nick Burke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Reactor Materials

Decreasing hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions of a natural-gas engine operating in the quasi-homogeneous charge compression ignition mode at low loads

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (9) ◽  
pp. 1125-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Ling ◽  
Zhou Longbao ◽  
Liu Shenghua ◽  
Zhong Hui
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Fuel ◽  
Cng Engine ◽  
Standard Mode ◽  
Homogeneous Charge

Experimental studies have been carried out on decreasing the hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions of a compressed natural-gas (CNG) engine operating in quasi-homogeneous charge compression ignition (QHCCI) mode at low loads. The effects of three technical approaches including partial gas cut-off (PGC), intake air throttling, and increasing the pilot fuel quantity on emissions and the brake thermal efficiency of the CNG engine are studied. The results show that HC and CO emissions can be reduced with only a small penalty on the brake thermal efficiency. An increase in the brake thermal efficiency and reductions in HC and CO emissions can be simultaneously realized by increasing the pilot fuel quantity. It is also indicated from experiments that the HC and CO emissions of the engine can be effectively reduced when using intake air throttling and increasing the pilot fuel quantity are both adopted. However, nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions increase with increase in the throttling and the pilot fuel quantity. Under PGC conditions, NOx emissions are lower than those in the standard mode; however, they increase and exceed the values in the standard mode in increases in the load and natural-gas supply.

scholarly journals Catalytic production of low-carbon footprint sustainable natural gas

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Si ◽  
Rui Lu ◽  
Zhitong Zhao ◽  
Xiaofeng Yang ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Yield ◽  
Gas Products ◽  
Forestry Residues ◽  
Solid Biomass

AbstractNatural gas is one of the foremost basic energy sources on earth. Although biological process appears as promising valorization routes to transfer biomass to sustainable methane, the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass is the major limitation for the production of mixing gas to meet the natural gas composition of pipeline transportation. Here we develop a catalytic-drive approach to directly transfer solid biomass to bio-natural gas which can be suitable for the current infrastructure. A catalyst with Ni2Al3 alloy phase enables nearly complete conversion of various agricultural and forestry residues, the total carbon yield of gas products reaches up to 93% after several hours at relative low-temperature (300 degrees Celsius). And the catalyst shows powerful processing capability for the production of natural gas during thirty cycles. A low-carbon footprint is estimated by a preliminary life cycle assessment, especially for the low hydrogen pressure and non-fossil hydrogen, and technical economic analysis predicts that this process is an economically competitive production process.

Predicting the Performance and Emissions Characteristics of a Medium Duty Engine Retrofitted with Compressed Natural Gas System Using 1-Dimensional Software

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 702-707
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jais Alimin ◽  
Muhammad Yusri Ismail ◽  
Shahrul Azmir Osman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Power Models ◽  
Cng Engine ◽  
Experimental Process ◽  
Dimensional Simulation

The rise of crude oil price and the implications of exhaust emissions to the environment from combustion application call for a new reliable alternative fuel. A potential alternative fuel for compression ignition (C.I.) engine is the compressed natural gas (CNG). For C.I. engines to operate using CNG, or to be converted as a retrofitted CNG engine, further modifications are required. Previous works reported loss in brake power (BP) and increase in hydrocarbon (HC) emission for C.I. engine retrofitted with CNG fuelling. Verification of performance characteristics for CNG retrofitted engine through experimental analysis requires high cost and is very time consuming. Thus, a 1-Dimensional simulation software, GT-Power, was introduced in this study to reduce the experimental process and setup. A 4-cylinder medium duty C.I. engine (DE) and CNG retrofitted engine (RE) GT-Power models were used in this simulation work over various operational conditions: low, medium and high load conditions. As compared with DE model, results from RE model showed that RE model achieved an average 4.9% improvement for brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and loss in BP by 37.3%. For nitrogen oxides (NOX) and carbon dioxides (CO2) RE model predicted reduction of 48.1% (engine mode 1-9) and 33.4% (all engine modes), respectively. Moreover, RE produced 72.4% more carbon monoxide (CO) and 90.3% more HC emission.

Downhole measurements and determination of natural gas composition using Raman spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Dąbrowski ◽  
Sz Kuczyński ◽  
J. Barbacki ◽  
T. Włodek ◽  
R. Smulski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Downhole Measurements

Correlation of Landfill and Digester Gas Composition With Gas Turbine Pollutant Emissions

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. McDonell ◽  
M. W. Effinger ◽  
J. L. Mauzey
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Systematic Effect ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Emission Regulations ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The deployment of small gas turbines at landfills and wastewater treatment plants is attractive due to the availability of waste fuel gases generated at these sites and the need for onsite power and/or heat. The fuel gases produced by these applications typically contain 35 to 75% of the heating value of natural gas and contain methane (CH4) diluted primarily with carbon dioxide (CO2) and sometimes nitrogen (N2). Demonstrations of 30 to 250 kW gas turbines operating on these waste fuels are underway, but little detailed information on the systematic effect of the gas composition on performance is available. Growth in the use of small gas turbines for these applications will likely require that they meet increasingly stringent emission regulations, creating a need to better understand and to further optimize emissions performance for these gases. The current study characterizes a modified commercial natural gas fired 60 kW gas turbine operated on simluated gases of specified composition and establishes a quantitative relationship between fuel composition, engine load, and emissions performance. The results can be used to determine the expected impact of gas composition on emissions performance.

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