Sedimentary Basins of the Republic of Yemen : Their Structural Evolution and Geological Characteristics

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 763-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. R. Beydoun ◽  
M. L. As-Saruri ◽  
R. S. Baraba
Keyword(s):  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Geological Characteristics ◽  
The Republic

Tectonic evolution of the Northern Volcanic Zone, Abitibi belt, Quebec

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 2211-2225 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Chown ◽  
Réal Daigneault ◽  
Wulf Mueller ◽  
J. K. Mortensen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Volcanic Zone ◽  
Tectonic Model ◽  
Sedimentary Evolution ◽  
Southern Volcanic Zone ◽  
Oblique Convergence ◽  
Northern Volcanic Zone ◽  
Abitibi Subprovince ◽  
Felsic Volcanic

The Archean Abitibi Subprovince has been divided formally into a Northern Volcanic Zone (NVZ), including the entire northern part of the subprovince, and a Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ) on the basis of distinct volcano-sedimentary successions, related plutonic suites, and precise U–Pb age determinations. The NVZ has been further formally subdivided into (i) a Monocyclic Volcanic Segment (MVS) composed of an extensive subaqueous basalt plain with scattered felsic volcanic complexes (2730–2725 Ma), interstratified with or overlain by linear volcaniclastic sedimentary basins; and (ii) a Polycyclic Volcanic Segment (PVS) comprising a second mafic–felsic volcanic cycle (2722–2711 Ma) and a sedimentary assemblage with local shoshonitic volcanic rocks.A sequence of deformational events (D1–D6) over a period of 25 Ma in the NVZ is consistent with a major compressional event. North–south shortening was first accommodated by near-vertical east-trending folds and, with continued deformation, was concentrated along major east-trending fault zones and contact-strain aureoles around synvolcanic intrusions, both with a downdip movement. Subsequent dextral strike-slip movement occurred on southeast-trending faults and major east-trending faults which controlled the emplacement of syntectonic plutons (2703–2690 Ma).This study suggests that the NVZ, which is a coherent geotectonic unit, initially formed as a diffuse volcanic arc, represented by the MVZ, in which the northern part, represented by the PVS, evolved into a mature arc as documented by a second volcanic and sedimentary cycle associated with major plutonic accretion. Volcano-sedimentary evolution and associated plutonism, as well as structural evolution, are best explained by a plate-tectonic model involving oblique convergence.

scholarly journals A review of the Pan-African evolution of the Arabian Shield

GeoArabia ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Nehlig ◽  
Antonin Genna ◽  
Fawzia Asfirane ◽  
C. Guerrot ◽  
J.M. Eberlé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Arabian Shield ◽  
Geologic History ◽  
Lower Paleozoic ◽  
The North ◽  
Pan African ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT Recent fieldwork and the synthesis and reappraisal of aeromagnetic, geologic, structural, geochemical, and geochronologic data have provided a new perspective on the structural evolution and geologic history of the Arabian Shield. Although Paleoproterozoic rocks are present in the eastern part of the Shield, its geologic evolution was mainly concentrated in the period from 900 to 550 Ma during which the formation, amalgamation, and final Pan-African cratonization of several tectonostratigraphic terranes took place. The terranes are separated by major NW-trending faults and by N-, NW- and NE-oriented suture zones lined by serpentinized ultramafic rocks (ophiolites). Terrane analysis using the lithostratigraphy and geochronology of suture zones, fault zones, overlapping basins, and stitching plutons, has helped to constrain the geologic history of the Arabian Shield. Ophiolites and volcanic-arcs have been dated at between 900 and 680 Ma, with the southern terrane of Asir being older than the Midyan terrane in the north and the Ar Rayn terrane in the east. Final cratonization of the terranes between 680 and 610 Ma induced a network of anastomosing, strike-slip faults consisting of the N-trending Nabitah belt, the major NW-striking left-lateral transpressive faults (early Najd faults), lined by gneiss domes and associated with sedimentary basins, and N- to NE-trending right-lateral transpressive faults. Following the Pan-African cratonization, widespread alkaline granitization was contemporaneous with the deposition of the Jibalah volcanic and sedimentary rocks in transtensional pull-apart basins. Crustal thinning was governed by the Najd fault system of left-lateral transform faults that controlled the formation of the Jibalah basins and was synchronous with the emplacement of major E- to NW-trending dike swarms throughout the Arabian Shield. The extensional episode ended with a marine transgression in which carbonates were deposited in the Jibalah basins. Continuation of the thinning process may explain the subsequent deposition of the marine formations of the lower Paleozoic cover. Our interpretation of the distribution and chronology of orogenic zones does not correspond entirely to those proposed in earlier studies. In particular, the N-trending Nabitah and NW-trending Najd fault zones are shown to be part of the same history of oblique transpressional accretion rather than being two distinct events related to accretion and dispersion of the terranes.

scholarly journals Prospects for identifying the Mississippi Valley type deposits in the North-East of Russia

LITOSFERA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-270
Author(s):  
A. L. Galyamov ◽  
A. V. Volkov ◽  
K. Yu. Murashov ◽  
N. V. Sidorova ◽  
T. P. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mississippi Valley ◽  
Material Base ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mississippi Valley Type ◽  
Valley Type

Research subject. The Mississippi Valley type deposits make up about a third of the global balance of lead and zinc reserves, resources and production. Additionally, silver, antimony, arsenic, barium, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, gallium, indium, mercury, molybdenum, nickel and thallium can be present in the ores of these deposits. In the North-East of Russia, the Mississippi Valley type of deposits is poorly represented. In this work, we investigate the deposits of the Sardana ore cluster of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and individual deposits of the Magadan region. Materials and methods. The article discusses the results of previous scientific research and new data on the geochemical features, isotopic composition of ores and geological and structural conditions for the formation of the Sardana cluster deposit. In addition, the potential for identifying stratiform lead-zinc deposits is associated with favourable geodynamic conditions in the region, as well as with the refinement and adaptation of the forecast-search model of MVT deposits for the North-East of Russia. Results. The mineralogical and geochemical features of the rocks and ores of the Sardana cluster deposits, the morphology of ore bodies, their zoning elements, as well as isotopic ratios indicate that the ores are likely to be of the Mississippi Valley type with the onset of ore deposition at early diagenetic and catagenetic stages. The distribution of rare elements indicates a significant role of superimposed metamorphism of the host carbonate-terrigenous strata in the deposition of the ores of producing stages. Conclusion. The potential possibility of increasing the mineral and raw material base of lead and zinc is associated with the identification of sedimentary basins with a stagnant anoxic regime of carbonate accumulation in the immediate vicinity of the development areas of rift complexes, as well as with the presence of other critically important forecast-search signs. In addition to the well-known Killakh metallogenic zone, Tuora-Sis and Orulgan metallogenic taxa located in the north of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) with known stratiform manifestations of lead and zinc belong to such areas.

A discussion on the validation of structural interpretations based on the mechanics of sedimentary basins in the northwestern Mediterranean fold-and-thrust belts

2016 ◽  
Vol 187 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josselin Berthelon ◽  
William Sassi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Structural Style ◽  
Thrust Belts ◽  
Fold And Thrust Belts ◽  
Thin Skin ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean

Abstract Using the geologist’s interpretation of 6 published balanced cross-sections in the fold and thrust belts of the northwestern Mediterranean, a comparative analysis of the interpreted subsurface structural architecture is used to address the links between the structural style and the mechanics of fold and thrust emplacement. For each cross-section example, the geo-dataset and the methods used by the interpreters are different in quantity and quality. Here we have examined how useful is the content of information of each cross-section to constrain the structural evolution scenario. Each interpretation is examined according to considerations of the mechanics of sedimentary basin deformation and how uncertain is the extrapolation of fault trajectory at depth. It is shown that each case reveals a particular type of structural style: thin-skin or thick skin tectonics, fault-related folding, pre-existing fault pattern. The present structural analysis is used to determine for each cross-section the nature of the mechanical problem to address that will reduce uncertainty on the geologic scenario reconstruction. The proposed mechanical boundary conditions could serve to develop analog or numerical models that aim at testing the mechanical validity of the structural scenario of fold and thrust emplacement.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE OF EXPLORED HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Neft i gaz ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (120) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
О.S. TURKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Small Fields ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Giant Fields ◽  
Gas Fields

The development of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan is largely based on a powerful base of mineral raw materials. The leading role is played by huge reserves of oil and gas. They are located in 6 oil and gas sedimentary basins of Western and Eastern Kazakhstan. More than 350 oil and gas fields have been explored in them, containing over 6.4 billion tons of recoverable oil reserves and about 4.5 trillion m3 of gas. The main volumes of oil reserves (85.2%) are concentrated in 25 large and giant fields. Numerous small objects contain only 5.3% of the reserves. In the changed situation on the world oil market, the development of such small fields with recoverable reserves of less than 1.0 million tons becomes unprofitable. In further work in new promising basins, one should focus on prospecting, first of all, large and medium-sized deposits

scholarly journals An in-depth study of the crystalline basement of sedimentary basins is a dictate of the time

Georesursy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Renat Kh. Muslimov
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Sedimentary Cover ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Crystalline Basement ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Deep Source

The history of studying the crystalline basement in the Republic of Tatarstan, the state of implementation of the super-deep drilling program is given. The scientific substantiation of the replenishment of exploited oil and oil-gas fields is provided by feeding them with deep hydrocarbons through oil supply channels connecting the deep source of hydrocarbons with sedimentary cover deposits. The crystalline basement is of interest for the search for hydrocarbon deposits, but its role as a transit for replenishing deposits of hydrocarbon sedimentary cover in the process of constant degassing of the Earth is more attractive and justified. To use these processes, a fundamentally new approach to the construction of geological and hydrodynamic models of oil fields is proposed, taking into account the fundamental principles of geological science on the formation and reformation of oil deposits and the deep processes of Earth degassing. Prospects are substantiated for the development of “old” fields that are in long-term development, for the calculation of oil recovery factor taking into account oil entering the reservoir from the depths of the Earth, the need for adjusting methods for calculating and accounting reserves, changing levels of material balance, and scientific and practical suggestions for accounting when calculating reserves and designing the development of fundamental principles of field geology. Further prospects for the introduction of hydrodynamic development methods and their significant expansion due to the opening of the processes of replenishment of sedimentary basin deposits with deep hydrocarbons and the reformation of deposits at a late stage of development are shown.

Origin of the Upper Cretaceous–Tertiary sedimentary basins within the Tauride–Anatolide platform in Turkey

2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ö. F. GÜRER ◽  
E. ALDANMAZ
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Evolutionary Models ◽  
Volcanic Arc ◽  
Geological Characteristics ◽  
Neotethys Ocean ◽  
Basin Development ◽  
Tertiary Period

A number of sedimentary basins formed within the Tauride–Anatolide Platform of Anatolia during the Late Cretaceous–Tertiary period. Previous studies have proposed different tectonic and evolutionary models for each basin. Geological characteristics of the basins, however, suggest that all these basins are of the same origin and that they followed a similar evolutionary model to one another. Basin development within the Tauride–Anatolide Platform took place in a post-collisional environment following the northward subduction of the northern Neotethys ocean beneath the Pontides. The closure of the northern Neotethys ocean ended with collision of the Tauride–Anatolide Platform with the Pontide volcanic arc and resulted in large bodies of oceanic remnants thrust over the Tauride–Anatolide Platform as ophiolite nappes. Formation of the sedimentary basins followed the emplacement of the ophiolite nappes as they formed as piggy-back basins on top of the underlying thrust ophiolite basement.

scholarly journals Structural evolution and tectonic setting of the Porongos belt, southern Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. SAALMANN ◽  
M. V. D. REMUS ◽  
L. A. HARTMANN
Keyword(s):  
Continental Crust ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Ductile Deformation ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Metavolcanic Rocks ◽  
Significant Contamination

The SW–NE-striking Porongos belt, located between juvenile Neoproterozoic rocks in the west and the Dom Feliciano belt, characterized by intense reworking of older crust, in the east, comprises a greenschist to amphibolite-facies metavolcano-metasedimentary succession (Porongos sequence) of unknown age with some exposures of Palaeoproterozoic gneisses (Encantadas gneisses). High-temperature ductile deformation of the basement gneisses comprises at least two magmatic events followed by three deformational phases including folding and shearing (DT1–DT3) and can be attributed to the Palaeoproterozoic Trans-Amazonian orogeny. The deformation of the Porongos sequence occurred during the Neoproterozoic Brasiliano orogeny and comprises four ductile deformation phases (DB1–DB4), including two phases of isoclinal folding associated with shearing recorded in mylonitic layers, followed by closed NW-vergent folding and thrusting leading to formation of a thrust stack. Uplift of the basement and formation of late tectonic sedimentary basins occurred as a result of semi-ductile to brittle block faulting in a sinistral strike-slip regime. The Porongos sequence can be subdivided into a southeastern and a northwestern part. Trace element analyses as well as Sm–Nd and Rb–Sr geochemical data indicate partial melting and significant contamination by old continental crust for the metavolcanic rocks. The metavolcanic rocks show εNd(t=780 Ma) values of −20.64 and −21.72 (northwestern units) and −6.87 (southeastern sequence). The metasedimentary rocks were derived from late Palaeoproterozoic to Archaean sources, and the data indicate different sources for the northwestern and southeastern rock units of the Porongos sequence. εNd(t=780 Ma) are −6.25 and −6.85 in the southeastern units, with TDM model ages between 1734 and 1954 Ma, and vary between −14.72 and −17.96 in the northwestern parts, which have TDM model ages between 2346 and 2710 Ma. High 87Sr/86Sr(t) values between 0.7064 and 0.7286 confirm reworking of older crust. Isotopic signatures of the Porongos sequence do not show indications for a significant contribution from a Neoproterozoic juvenile source. A passive margin or continental rift environment is suggested for the tectonic setting of the Porongos belt, which is compatible with both deposition of shallow marine to deep marine sediments and stretching of continental crust leading to volcanism which is characterized by significant contamination by old continental crust.

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