scholarly journals Numerical investigation on the effect of boundary conditions on the scaling of spontaneous imbibition

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Salam Abd ◽  
Nayef Alyafei
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Core Sample ◽  
Spontaneous Imbibition ◽  
Dimensionless Time ◽  
Close Match ◽  
The One ◽  
Counter Current ◽  
D Model ◽  
Wetting Fluid

We present a numerical validation of the scaling group presented by Schmid and Geiger ((2012) Water Resour. Res. 48, 3) for Spontaneous Imbibition (SI) through simulating a core sample bounded by the wetting fluid. We combine the results of the simulations with the semi-analytical model for counter-current spontaneous imbibition presented by Schmid et al. ((2011) Water Resour. Res. 47, 2) to validate the upscaling of laboratory experiments to field dimensions using dimensionless time. We then present a detailed parametric study on the effect of Boundary Conditions (BC) and characteristic length to compare imbibition assisted oil recovery with several types of boundary conditions. We demonstrate that oil recovery was the fastest and most efficient when all faces are open to flow. We also demonstrate that all cases scale with the non-dimensionless time suggested by Schmid and Geiger ((2012) Water Resour. Res. 48, 3) and show a close match to the numerical simulation and the semi-analytical solution. Moreover, we discuss how the effect of constructing a model with varying grid sizes and dimensions affects the accuracy of the results through comparing the results of the 2-D and 3-D models. We observe that the 3-D model proved superior in the accuracy of the results to simulate simple counter-current SI. However, we deduce that 2-D models yield satisfying enough results in a timely manner in the One End Open (OEO) and Two Ends Open (TEO) cases, compared to 3-D models which are time-consuming. We finally conclude that the non-dimensionless time of Schmid and Geiger ((2012) Water Resour. Res. 48, 3) works well with counter-current SI cases regardless of the boundary condition imposed on the core.

Capillary Impregnation of Viscous Fluids in a Multi-Layered Porous Medium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabina Ashraf ◽  
Jyoti Phirani
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Viscous Fluids ◽  
Spontaneous Imbibition ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Capillary Impregnation ◽  
Relative Placement ◽  
Homogeneous Porous Medium ◽  
Wetting Fluid

Abstract Capillary impregnation of viscous fluids in porous media is useful in diagnostics, design of lab-on-chip devices and enhanced oil recovery. The impregnation of a wetting fluid in a homogeneous porous medium follows Washburn’s diffusive law. The diffusive dynamics predicts that, with the increase in permeability, the rate of spontaneous imbibition of a wetting fluid also increases. As most of the naturally occurring porous media are composed of hydrodynamically interacting layers having different properties, the impregnation in a heterogeneous porous medium is significantly different from a homogeneous porous medium. A Washburn like model has been developed in the past to predict the imbibition behavior in the layers for a hydrodynamically interacting three layered porous medium filled with a non-viscous resident phase. It was observed that the relative placement of the layers impacts the imbibition phenomena significantly. In this work, we develop a quasi one-dimensional lubrication approximation to predict the imbibition dynamics in a hydrodynamically interacting multi-layered porous medium. The generalized model shows that the arrangement of layers strongly affects the saturation of wetting phase in the porous medium, which is crucial for oil recovery and in microfluidic applications.

Scaling of Countercurrent Imbibition in 2D Matrix Blocks With Different Boundary Conditions

SPE Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 1179-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingbang Meng ◽  
Jianchao Cai ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Characteristic Length ◽  
Fractured Reservoirs ◽  
Spontaneous Imbibition ◽  
Constant Parameter ◽  
Different Boundary Conditions ◽  
Recovery Curves ◽  
Matrix Blocks

Summary Scaling of imbibition data is of essential importance in predicting oil recovery from fractured reservoirs. In this work, oil recovery by countercurrent spontaneous imbibition from 2D matrix blocks with different boundary conditions was studied using numerical calculations. The numerical results show that the shape of imbibition-recovery curves changes with different boundary conditions. Therefore, the imbibition curves could not be closely correlated with a constant parameter. A modified characteristic length was proposed by a combination of Ma et al. (1997) and theoretical characteristic length. The modified characteristic length is a function of imbibition time, and the shape of imbibition curves could be changed using the modified characteristic length. The overall imbibition curves were closely correlated using the modified characteristic length. Finally, the modified characteristic length was verified by experimental data for imbibition with different boundary conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of viscosity on oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition from partially water-covered matrix blocks

2021 ◽  
pp. 014459872098420
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Xinyue Wu ◽  
Yingfu He ◽  
Qingbang Meng
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Viscosity Ratio ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Spontaneous Imbibition ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Recovery Curves ◽  
Scaling Equation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Matrix Blocks ◽  
Counter Current

Spontaneous imbibition is an important mechanism of oil recovery from fractured reservoirs and unconventional reservoirs. Oil is produced by combining co- and counter-current imbibition when the matrix blocks was partially covered by water. In this paper, we focused on the effect of viscosity ratios on oil production by spontaneous imbibition and established the numerical model for one-dimensional linear imbibition with TEO-OW boundary conditions, which was validated by the experimental data. The effect of viscosity ratio on co- and counter-current imbibition is investigated and scaling result of the imbibition recovery curve for wide range of viscosity ratio using the conventional scaling equation was tested, which indicates that the close correlation was achieved only when oil-water viscosity ratios are higher. Then, a modified scaling equation was developed based on the piston-like assumption for one-dimensional co-current imbibition and close correlation of imbibition recovery curves was achieved when viscosity ratios are lower. Finally, correlation of imbibition recovery curves was improved for wide range of viscosity ratios by combining conventional and modified scaling equation. Results show that since the shape of imbibition recovery curves is not similar for different viscosity ratios, it is difficult to obtain the perfect correlation using the constant viscosity term.

scholarly journals Dos and Don’ts When Developing a System to Investigate Spontaneous Imbibition in Unconsolicdated Porous Media

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 01005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bergit Brattekås ◽  
Tore L. Føyen ◽  
Trond Vabø ◽  
Håkon Haugland ◽  
Simon I. Reite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Spontaneous Imbibition ◽  
Displacement Front ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unconsolidated Porous Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wetting Fluid

This paper describes the development of a consistent model system to measure spontaneous imbibition and determine saturation functions in unconsolidated porous media. Sand grains or glass beads were packed in up to 0.5 m long, transparent glass tubes with optical access to local saturation development during spontaneous imbibition processes. The Two Ends Open-Free spontaneous imbibition (TEOFSI) boundary condition was used, where one end face is exposed to the wetting fluid and the other end to the non-wetting fluid. Dynamic measurement of the advancing displacement front and volumetric production from each open end-face enabled estimation of capillary pressure and relative permeability for the system. A range of wetting- and non-wetting phase viscosities and viscosity ratios was used during spontaneous imbibition in unconsolidated sand or glass packs. Wetting phase (water) viscosity was increased using water soluble glycerol or polymers. Air or mineral oil of varying composition provided a wide range of non-wetting phase viscosities. High permeable systems are extremely sensitive to laboratory properties, which may dominate the viscous resistance and determine flow behaviour. Systematic discrepancies observed in early testing indicated that end effects were present, even in long systems, in the filters at each end of the glass tube to maintain the grains or beads in place. Different filters were tested (no filter, glass, paper and micro-porous discs) to determine the impact of the filter on spontaneous imbibition. In addition to slower oil recovery than anticipated, developmentof a non-uniform displacement front was observed, demonstrating the large influence from minute heterogeneities within the packs, and at the end faces. A standard sand grain packing procedure, using a custom-designed packing device, was therefore developed to ensure homogeneous properties throughout theporous media, and limited the spread in porosity and permeability values. Homogeneous sand packs with reproducible properties are necessary, to systematically investigate flow parameters and changes in wettability in unconsolidated porous media.

Determination of Optimum Parameters for Anaerobic Thermophilic Bacterium Injection using Commercial Simulator: Core Flooding Validation and Sensitivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Koto
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Core Sample ◽  
Thermophilic Bacterium ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Core Flooding ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Result Show

The objective of this paper is to determine the optimum anaerobic-thermophilic bacterium injection (Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery) parameters using commercial simulator from core flooding experiments. From the previous experiment in the laboratory, Petrotoga sp AR80 microbe and yeast extract has been injected into core sample. The result show that the experiment with the treated microbe flooding has produced more oil than the experiment that treated by brine flooding. Moreover, this microbe classified into anaerobic thermophilic bacterium due to its ability to live in 80 degC and without oxygen. So, to find the optimum parameter that affect this microbe, the simulation experiment has been conducted. The simulator that is used is CMG – STAR 2015.10. There are five scenarios that have been made to forecast the performance of microbial flooding. Each of this scenario focus on the injection rate and shut in periods. In terms of the result, the best scenario on this research can yield an oil recovery up to 55.7%.

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