scholarly journals Evaporation flow assessment from petroleum product storage tanks exposed to fire conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ginestet ◽  
C. Le Bot
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Product ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Exact Answer ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Product Storage

Fire around storage tanks for petroleum products can have disastrous consequences for the environment and the population. These fires, due to accident or arson, are very well managed by security divisions but, nevertheless, involve the release of an amount of vapour from the petroleum present in the storage device. The exposure of a non-refrigerated aboveground liquid petroleum or petroleum product storage tank to fire can also lead to internal overpressure. PV-valves ensure that the normal and emergency venting requirements are satisfied, and determination of such requirements is key for the safety of petroleum tanks and should not be underestimated. This paper presents and discusses some methods that can be used to evaluate the vapour flow. In the aim of finding an exact answer rapidly, a thermal analytical approach is first investigated, which reveals the complexity of the solution. Thus, a numerical approach, based on finite-volume description, is used to set the first steps of the flow assessment. Based on a thermodynamic hypothesis, a simplified method is finally put forward for the evaluation of the amount of vapour released. The algorithm used to determine how temperature, pressure and flow evolve over time, which is very useful information for the safety of these devices, is then detailed and the results discussed.

Investigation of a steam explosion in a petroleum product storage tank

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell A. Ogle ◽  
John L. Schumacher
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Product ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Product Storage

scholarly journals Determination of The Permissible Distances in Vicinity of The Gas Station According to The Concentration of Benzene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Chehrehei ◽  
Seyed Alireza Hajiseyed Mirzahosseini ◽  
Nabiollah Mansouri ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Behzadi ◽  
Yousef Rashidi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Linear Regression Equation ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Gas Station

Abstract Benzene is considered a toxic and hazardous pollutant in Tehran metropolis. The storage tanks of petroleum products and refueling in gas stations are among the main sources of benzene emissions. Using the software AERMOD and reviewing the benzene dispersion maps at different distances from 412 storage tanks at 148 gas stations, it was found the permissible distance of the emission source is dependent on various variables such as the number of loading times and the storage capacity. When, storage capacity in the range of 60,000 L to 96,000 L and the number of loading is in the range of 676 to 1,328 times a year, the concentration of benzene at a distance of 30 m of the emission source reaches the annual standard of 5 μg/m3. While, storage capacity in the range of 80,000 L to 128,000 L and the number of loading is in the range of 1,329 to 1,834 times a year, the concentration of benzene at a distance of 40 m of the emission source reaches the annual standard of 5 μg/m3. Also, based on the analysis of data and the linear regression equation, the permissible distance of the emission source can be predicted.

scholarly journals Research of natural remediation of the subsurface contaminated with petroleum products

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
O. M. Shpak ◽  
O. I. Lohvynenko
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Product ◽  
Unsaturated Zone ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Contamination Source ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Fuel Storage ◽  
Natural Remediation

Remediation of the subsurface contaminated with petroleum products is the ecological problem on a world scale and a foreground direction of geoecological research in Ukraine. Remediation of contaminated vadose zone can be provided with the activity of microorganisms, mainly micromycets, whose features of location and vital activity depend on a depth, the level of contamination, aerobic conditions, etc. Practically, it is complicated to use artificial microbiological methods and natural remediation of contaminated subsurface due to microorganisms should be taken into consideration. Microorganisms oxidizing hydrocarbons are of particular interest. Field investigations were carried out within the fuel storage of the Boryspil airport where subsurface contamination with petroleum products was revealed in 1998. The research included sampling at contaminated and uncontaminated sites, quality analysis of petroleum product contains in soils and determination of the species composition of micromycets. Soil samples were taken in three wells at different depths – in the center of the contamination source at the depths of 0,1 m and 2,0 m (unsaturated zone) and 4,0 m (saturated zone), in the northern part of the fuel storage in the unsaturated zone at the depths of 0,1 m and 1,0 m, and out of the contamination source in the unsaturated zone at the depth of 3,7 m. Fungus culture determination data in soil samples indicate that variety of their forms depends on a contamination degree, a depth of sampling, lithology and water saturation. Regular monitoring should be carried out including soil sampling and determination of petroleum product contains to specify conclusions about natural remediation of contaminated soils due to life activity of microorganisms oxidizing hydrocarbons.

Equipment dentifying Vapor Leakages and Recovery of Petroleum Product Vapor When Stored

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Y.N. Rybakov ◽  
◽  
V.E. Danilov ◽  
I.V. Danilov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Petroleum Product ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Carnot Cycle ◽  
Oil Supply ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Vapor Absorption

The problem of losses of oil products from leaks during their storage and transportation at oil supply facilities is considered. The influence of oil product leaks on the environmental situation around oil depots and gas stations is shown. A detailed overview of existing methods and tools for detecting leaks of petroleum products from storage facilities is presented. The evaluation of their effectiveness. Two methods for detecting oil leaks and devices based on them are proposed. The first device monitors the movement of liquid in the tank, the second-detects petroleum products in wastewater. The problem of recovery of petroleum vapors and environmental pollution from the release of vapors of light fractions into the atmosphere is also considered. An overview of existing methods and means of recovery of petroleum vapors is presented. Two methods and devices for capturing oil vapors and returning them to the reservoir are proposed, based on different principles: vapor absorption in the cooled oil product and vapor recovery on the principle of the Carnot cycle. It is shown that these devices can provide effective detection of oil leaks and recovery of their vapors, as well as improve the effectiveness of environmental protection at modern gas stations and tank farms.

Energetic properties of peat saturated with petroleum products

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
E. S. Dremicheva
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Initial Sample

This paper presents a method of sorption using peat for elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and the possibility of energy use of oil-saturated peat. The results of assessment of the sorbent capacity of peat are presented, with waste motor oil and diesel fuel chosen as petroleum products. Natural peat has been found to possess sorption properties in relation to petroleum products. The sorbent capacity of peat can be observed from the first minutes of contact with motor oil and diesel fuel, and significantly depends on their viscosity. For the evaluation of thermal properties of peat saturated with petroleum products, experimental studies have been conducted on determination of moisture and ash content of as-fired fuel. It is shown that adsorbed oil increases the moisture and ash content of peat in comparison with the initial sample. Therefore, when intended for energy use, peat saturated with petroleum products is to be subjected to additional drying. Simulation of net calorific value has been performed based on the calorific values of peat and petroleum products with different ratios of petroleum product content in peat and for a saturated peat sample. The obtained results are compared with those of experiments conducted in a calorimetric bomb and recalculated for net calorific value. A satisfactory discrepancy is obtained, which amounts to about 12%. Options have been considered providing for combustion of saturated peat as fuel (burnt per se and combined with a solid fuel) and processing it to produce liquid, gaseous and solid fuels. Peat can be used to solve environmental problems of elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and as an additional resource in solving the problem of finding affordable energy.

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