Direct numerical simulations of random rough surfaces in turbulent channel flow

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Ma ◽  
Karim Alame ◽  
Krishnan Mahesh
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Channel Flow ◽  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Turbulent Channel Flow ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulations ◽  
Random Rough Surfaces

Direct numerical simulations of rotating turbulent channel flow

2008 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
pp. 177-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLOF GRUNDESTAM ◽  
STEFAN WALLIN ◽  
ARNE V. JOHANSSON
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Channel Flow ◽  
Rotation Number ◽  
Turbulent Channel Flow ◽  
Shear Velocity ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulations ◽  
A Value ◽  
Rotation Numbers ◽  
Wall Shear ◽  
Two Sides

Fully developed rotating turbulent channel flow has been studied, through direct numerical simulations, for the complete range of rotation numbers for which the flow is turbulent. The present investigation suggests that complete flow laminarization occurs at a rotation number Ro = 2Ωδ/Ub ≤ 3.0, where Ω denotes the system rotation, Ub is the mean bulk velocity and δ is the half-width of the channel. Simulations were performed for ten different rotation numbers in the range 0.98 to 2.49 and complemented with earlier simulations (done in our group) for lower values of Ro. The friction Reynolds number Reτ = uτδ/ν (where uτ is the wall-shear velocity and ν is the kinematic viscosity) was chosen as 180 for these simulations. A striking feature of rotating channel flow is the division into a turbulent (unstable) and an almost laminarized (stable) side. The relatively distinct interface between these two regions was found to be maintained by a balance where negative turbulence production plays an important role. The maximum difference in wall-shear stress between the two sides was found to occur for a rotation number of about 0.5. The bulk flow was found to monotonically increase with increasing rotation number and reach a value (for Reτ = 180) at the laminar limit (Ro = 3.0) four times that of the non-rotating case.

scholarly journals Parametric forcing approach to rough-wall turbulent channel flow

2012 ◽  
Vol 712 ◽  
pp. 169-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Busse ◽  
N. D. Sandham
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Channel Flow ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Turbulent Channel Flow ◽  
Rough Wall ◽  
Force Term ◽  
Shape Functions ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe effects of rough surfaces on turbulent channel flow are modelled by an extra force term in the Navier–Stokes equations. This force term contains two parameters, related to the density and the height of the roughness elements, and a shape function, which regulates the influence of the force term with respect to the distance from the channel wall. This permits a more flexible specification of a rough surface than a single parameter such as the equivalent sand grain roughness. The effects of the roughness force term on turbulent channel flow have been investigated for a large number of parameter combinations and several shape functions by direct numerical simulations. It is possible to cover the full spectrum of rough flows ranging from hydraulically smooth through transitionally rough to fully rough cases. By using different parameter combinations and shape functions, it is possible to match the effects of different types of rough surfaces. Mean flow and standard turbulence statistics have been used to compare the results to recent experimental and numerical studies and a good qualitative agreement has been found. Outer scaling is preserved for the streamwise velocity for both the mean profile as well as its mean square fluctuations in all but extremely rough cases. The structure of the turbulent flow shows a trend towards more isotropic turbulent states within the roughness layer. In extremely rough cases, spanwise structures emerge near the wall and the turbulent state resembles a mixing layer. A direct comparison with the study of Ashrafian, Andersson & Manhart (Intl J. Heat Fluid Flow, vol. 25, 2004, pp. 373–383) shows a good quantitative agreement of the mean flow and Reynolds stresses everywhere except in the immediate vicinity of the rough wall. The proposed roughness force term may be of benefit as a wall model for direct and large-eddy numerical simulations in cases where the exact details of the flow over a rough wall can be neglected.

Direct Numerical Simulations of Turbulent Channel Flow With Polymer Additives

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-698
Author(s):  
Che-Yu Lin ◽  
Chao-An Lin
Keyword(s):  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Channel Flow ◽  
Turbulent Channel Flow ◽  
Weissenberg Number ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulations ◽  
Polymer Additives ◽  
Boundary Treatments ◽  
Conformation Tensor ◽  
Nonlinear Elastic

ABSTRACTDirect numerical simulations have been applied to simulate flows with polymer additives. FENE-P (finite-extensible-nonlinear-elastic-Peterlin) dumbbell model solving for the conformation tensor is adopted to investigate the influence of the polymer on the flowfield. Boundary treatments of the conformation tensor on the flowfield are examined first, where boundary condition based on the linear extrapolation scheme provides more accurate results with second-order accurate error norms. Further simulations of the turbulent channel flow at different Weissenberg numbers are also conducted to investigate the influence on drag reduction. Drag reduction increases in tandem with the increase of Weissenberg number and the increase saturates at Weτ~200, where the drag reduction is close to the maximum drag reduction (MDR) limit. At the regime of y+ > 5, the viscous layer thickens with the increase of the Weissenberg number showing a departure from the traditional log-law profile, and the velocity profiles approach the MDR line at high Weissenberg number. The Reynolds stress decreases in tandem with the increase of Weτ, whereas the levels of laminar stress and polymer stress act adversely. However, as the Weissenberg number increases, the proportion of the laminar stress in the total stress increases, and this contributes to the drag reduction of the polymer flow.

Predictions of the effective slip length and drag reduction with a lubricated micro-groove surface in a turbulent channel flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 874 ◽  
pp. 797-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehee Chang ◽  
Taeyong Jung ◽  
Haecheon Choi ◽  
John Kim
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Channel Flow ◽  
Slip Length ◽  
Turbulent Channel Flow ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulations ◽  
Effective Slip ◽  
Lubricant Viscosity

We perform direct numerical simulations of a turbulent channel flow with a lubricated micro-grooved surface to investigate the effects of this surface on the slip characteristics at the interface and the friction drag. The interface between water and lubricant is assumed to be flat, i.e. the surface-tension effect is neglected. The solid substrate, where a lubricant is infused, is composed of straight longitudinal grooves. The flow rate of water inside the channel is maintained constant, and a lubricant layer under the interface is shear driven by the turbulent water flow above. A turbulent channel flow with a superhydrophobic (i.e. air-lubricated) surface having the same solid substrate configuration is also simulated for comparison. The results show that the drag reduction with the liquid-infused surface highly depends on the lubricant viscosity as well as the groove width and aspect ratio. The amounts of drag reduction with the liquid-infused surfaces are not as good as those with superhydrophobic surfaces, but are still meaningfully large. For instance, the maximum drag reduction by the heptane-infused surface is approximately 13 % for a rectangular groove whose spanwise width and depth in wall units are 12 and 14.4, respectively, whereas a superhydrophobic surface with the same geometry results in a drag reduction of 21 %. The mean slip length normalized by the viscosity ratio and groove depth depends on the groove aspect ratio. The ratio of fluctuating spanwise slip length to the streamwise one is between 0.25 (ideal surface without groove structures) and 1 (i.e. isotropic slip), indicating that the slip is anisotropic. Using the Stokes flow assumption, the effective streamwise and spanwise slip lengths are expressed as a function of groove geometric parameters and lubricant viscosity. We also suggest a predictive model for drag reduction with the heptane-lubricated surface by combining the predicted effective slip lengths with the drag reduction formula used for riblets (Luchini et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 228, 1991, pp. 87–109). The predicted drag reductions are in good agreements with those from the present and previous direct numerical simulations.

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