The Linear Sled “Hybrid” Approach for Artificial Gravity as a Countermeasure for Crewed Long-Duration Space Exploration Missions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimia Seyedmadani ◽  
Grant Vincent ◽  
Jason Gruber ◽  
Jace Gruber ◽  
Vaughn Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Exploration ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Artificial Gravity ◽  
Long Duration

scholarly journals Head-down tilt bed rest with or without artificial gravity is not associated with motor unit remodeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 (11) ◽  
pp. 2407-2415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Attias ◽  
Andrea Grassi ◽  
Alessandra Bosutti ◽  
Bergita Ganse ◽  
Hans Degens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Unit ◽  
Compound Muscle Action Potential ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Artificial Gravity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Muscle Action Potential ◽  
Abductor Digiti Minimi ◽  
Healthy Participants

Abstract Purpose The objective of this study was to assess whether artificial gravity attenuates any long-duration head-down 60 bed rest (HDBR)-induced alterations in motor unit (MU) properties. Methods Twenty-four healthy participants (16 men; 8 women; 26–54 years) underwent 60-day HDBR with (n = 16) or without (n = 8) 30 min artificial gravity daily induced by whole-body centrifugation. Compound muscle action potential (CMAP), MU number (MUNIX) and MU size (MUSIX) were estimated using the method of Motor Unit Number Index in the Abductor digiti minimi and tibialis anterior muscles 5 days before (BDC-5), and during day 4 (HDT4) and 59 (HDT59) of HDBR. Results The CMAP, MUNIX, and MUSIX at baseline did not change significantly in either muscle, irrespective of the intervention (p > 0.05). Across groups, there were no significant differences in any variable during HDBR, compared to BDC-5. Conclusion Sixty days of HDBR with or without artificial gravity does not induce alterations in motor unit number and size in the ADM or TA muscles in healthy individuals.

Teamwork in Spaceflight Operations

2019 ◽  
pp. 829-849
Author(s):  
Ute Fischer ◽  
Kathleen Mosier
Keyword(s):  
Space Exploration ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Control Space ◽  
Human Spaceflight ◽  
Joint Performance ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Common Task ◽  
Mission Control ◽  
Coordination And Collaboration

Human spaceflight is a multiteam effort requiring the coordination and collaboration not only of individuals within a team (mission control or space crew) but importantly also between teams. In this chapter, the strategies and procedures these expert teams have established to ensure common task and team models, and to facilitate their communication and joint performance, will be discussed. The chapter also includes a discussion of the component teams of the mission control/space crew multiteam system, highlighting important features of their (intra)teamwork. The teamwork challenges of future long-duration space exploration are discussed, as are ongoing efforts and research needs to address them.

Using the Moon as a high-fidelity analogue environment to study biological and behavioral effects of long-duration space exploration

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandu Goswami ◽  
Peter G. Roma ◽  
Patrick De Boever ◽  
Gilles Clément ◽  
Alan R. Hargens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Exploration ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Long Duration

scholarly journals Artificial Gravity for People in Space: Evolution of Ideas, Technologies, and Projects

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Krichevsky
Keyword(s):  
Space Exploration ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Artificial Gravity ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Short History ◽  
The Earth ◽  
History Of ◽  
Evolution Of Ideas

The problem of creation and application of artificial gravity for people in space is considered as a short history of ideas, technologies, projects of the XIX-XXI centuries in the paradigm of space exploration and life outside the Earth. A general definition, the description of ways to create artificial gravity, its modes are given. A brief analysis of history, periodization, classification are made. Important examples of ideas, technologies, projects are proposed. The realities and prospects are described. The main conclusions and recommendations are formulated.

Spacecraft long-duration phasing maneuver optimization using hybrid approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 132-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Xiao-bing Ma ◽  
Yi Tang ◽  
Hai-bing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Long Duration

Orientation and Movement in Unusual Force Environments

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Lackner
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Space Mission ◽  
Artificial Gravity ◽  
Adaptive Changes ◽  
Earth Gravity ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Manned Space

A manned space mission to Mars might take as long as 1 year each way. Consequently, artificial gravity is being considered as a way of preventing the debilitating effects of long-duration exposure to microgravity on the human hotly. The present article discusses some of the problems associated with adapting to the rotation levels that might be used to generate artificial gravity. It also describes how exposure to background-force levels greater or less than the 1-G force of Earth gravity affects orientation and movement control. The primary emphasis of the article is that human movement and orientation control are dynamically adapted to the 1-G force background of Earth and that accommodation to altered force levels or to rotating environments requires a wide range of adaptive changes.

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