Investigation of Engine Performance at Altitude Using Selected Alternative Fuels for the National Jet Fuels Combustion Program

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pervez Canteenwalla ◽  
Wajid Chishty
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Jet Fuels

scholarly journals A Comparison of Ethanol, Methanol, and Butanol Blending with Gasoline and Its Effect on Engine Performance and Emissions Using Engine Simulation

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1322
Author(s):  
Simeon Iliev
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Engine Simulation ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Blended Fuels

Air pollution, especially in large cities around the world, is associated with serious problems both with people’s health and the environment. Over the past few years, there has been a particularly intensive demand for alternatives to fossil fuels, because when they are burned, substances that pollute the environment are released. In addition to the smoke from fuels burned for heating and harmful emissions that industrial installations release, the exhaust emissions of vehicles create a large share of the fossil fuel pollution. Alternative fuels, known as non-conventional and advanced fuels, are derived from resources other than fossil fuels. Because alcoholic fuels have several physical and propellant properties similar to those of gasoline, they can be considered as one of the alternative fuels. Alcoholic fuels or alcohol-blended fuels may be used in gasoline engines to reduce exhaust emissions. This study aimed to develop a gasoline engine model to predict the influence of different types of alcohol-blended fuels on performance and emissions. For the purpose of this study, the AVL Boost software was used to analyse characteristics of the gasoline engine when operating with different mixtures of ethanol, methanol, butanol, and gasoline (by volume). Results obtained from different fuel blends showed that when alcohol blends were used, brake power decreased and the brake specific fuel consumption increased compared to when using gasoline, and CO and HC concentrations decreased as the fuel blends percentage increased.

Effects of Natural Gas Compositions on Engine In-Cylinder Process

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 498-503
Author(s):  
La Xiang ◽  
Yu Ding
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Natural Gas Engines ◽  
Lower Maximum

Natural gas (NG) is one of the most promising alternative fuels of diesel and petrol because of its economics and environmental protection. Generally the NG engine share the similar structure profile with diesel or petrol engine but the combustion characteristics of NG is varied from the fuels, so the investigation of NG engine combustion process receive more attentions from the researchers. In this paper, a zero-dimensional model on the basis of Vibe function is built in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The model provides the prediction of combustion process in natural gas engines, which has been verified by the experimental data in the NG test bed. Furthermore, the influence of NG composition on engine performance is investigated, in which the in-cylinder maximum pressure and temperature and mean indicated pressure are compared using different type NG. It is shown in the results that NG with higher composition of methane results in lower maximum temperature and mean indicated pressure as well as higher maximum pressure.

Multiple fuel injection strategy for premixed charge compression ignition combustion engine using biodiesel blends

2022 ◽  
pp. 146808742110667
Author(s):  
Akhilendra Pratap Singh ◽  
Ashutosh Jena ◽  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Pilot Injection ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Combustion Control ◽  
Combustion Mode ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Injection Parameters ◽  
Study Results

In the last decade, advanced combustion techniques of the low-temperature combustion (LTC) family have attracted researchers because of their excellent emission characteristics; however, combustion control remains the main issue for the LTC modes. The objective of this study was to explore premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion mode using a double pilot injection (DPI; pilot-pilot-main) strategy to achieve superior combustion control and to tackle the soot-oxides of nitrogen (NOx) trade-off. Experiments were carried out in a single-cylinder research engine fueled with 20% v/v biodiesel blended with mineral diesel (B20) and 40% v/v biodiesel blended with mineral diesel (B40) vis-à-vis baseline mineral diesel. Engine speed and rate of fuel-mass injected were maintained constant at 1500 rpm and 0.6 kg/h mineral diesel equivalent, respectively. Pilot injection timings (at 45° and 35° before top dead center (bTDC)) and fuel quantities were fixed, while three fuel injection pressures (FIPs) and four different start of the main injection (SoMI) timings were investigated in this study. Results showed that multiple pilot injections resulted in a stable PCCI combustion mode, making it suitable for higher engine loads. For all test fuels, advancing SoMI timings led to relatively lesser knocking; however, engine performance characteristics degraded at advanced SoMI timings. B40 exhibited relatively superior engine performance among different test fuels at lower FIP; however, the difference in engine performance was insignificant at higher FIPs. Fuel injection parameters showed a significant effect on emissions, especially on the NOx and particulates. Advancing SoMI timing resulted in 20%–50% lower particulates emissions with a slight NOx increase; however, the differences in emissions at different SoMI timings reduced at higher FIPs. Somewhat higher particulates from biodiesel blends were a critical observation of this study, which was more dominant at advanced SoMI timings. Qualitative correlation between NOx-total particulate mass (TPM) was another critical analysis, which exhibited the relative importance of different fuel injection parameters for other alternative fuels. Overall, B20 at 700 bar FIP and 20° SoMI timing emerged as the most promising proposition with some penalty in CO emission.

Ethers and esters as alternative fuels for internal combustion engine: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110464
Author(s):  
Yang Hua
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Ic Engine

Ether and ester fuels can work in the existing internal combustion (IC) engine with some important advantages. This work comprehensively reviews and summarizes the literatures on ether fuels represented by DME, DEE, DBE, DGM, and DMM, and ester fuels represented by DMC and biodiesel from three aspects of properties, production and engine application, so as to prove their feasibility and prospects as alternative fuels for compression ignition (CI) and spark ignition (SI) engines. These studies cover the effects of ether and ester fuels applied in the form of single fuel, mixed fuel, dual-fuel, and multi-fuel on engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics. The evaluation indexes mainly include torque, power, BTE, BSFC, ignition delay, heat release rate, pressure rise rate, combustion duration, exhaust gas temperature, CO, HC, NOx, PM, and smoke. The results show that ethers and esters have varying degrees of impact on engine performance, combustion and emissions. They can basically improve the thermal efficiency of the engine and reduce particulate emissions, but their effects on power, fuel consumption, combustion process, and CO, HC, and NOx emissions are uncertain, which is due to the coupling of operating conditions, fuel molecular structure, in-cylinder environment and application methods. By changing the injection strategy, adjusting the EGR rate, adopting a new combustion mode, adding improvers or synergizing multiple fuels, adverse effects can be avoided and the benefits of oxygenated fuel can be maximized. Finally, some challenges faced by alternative fuels and future research directions are analyzed.

Performance and Emission Test of Different Mixtures of Oils with Diesel Using Twin Cylinder Four Stroke Diesel Engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 751-755
Author(s):  
P. Vithya ◽  
V. Logesh
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Oil Mixtures ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell ◽  
Camphor Oil

The use of fossil fuel is increasing drastically due to its consumption in all consumer activities. The utility of fossil fuel depleted its existence, degraded the environment and led to reduction in underground carbon resources. Hence the search for alternative fuels is paying attention for making sustainable development, energy conservation, efficiency and environmental preservation. The worldwide reduction of underground carbon resources can be substituted by the bio-fuels. The researchers around the world are finding the alternate fuel that should have the least impact on the environment degradation. This paper aims at finding an alternative for diesel and reducing the pressure on its existing demand. This study aimed at using two types of oil mixtures namely cashew nut shell oil and camphor oil mixed with diesel, turpentine oil mixed with diesel in different proportions as fuel in twin cylinder four stroke diesel engine. Performance and emission analysis have been performed by using exhaust gas analyzer in the oil samples. It was observed that 40% cashew nut shell oil and 10%camphor oil mixed with 50% diesel, 50% turpentine oil mixed with 50% diesel shows the better engine performance and also less emissions.

Experimental Investigations of Performance and Emission Characteristics of Moringa Oil Methyl Ester and Its Diesel Blends in a Single Cylinder Direct Injection Diesel Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyamsundar Rajaraman ◽  
G. K. Yashwanth ◽  
T. Rajan ◽  
R. Siva Kumaran ◽  
P. Raghu
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Moringa Oil

World at present is confronted with the twin crisis of fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution. Rapid escalation in prices and hydrocarbon resources depletion has led us to look for alternative fuels, which can satisfy ever increasing demands of energy as well as protect the environment from noxious pollutants. In this direction an attempt has been made to study a biodiesel, namely Moringa Oil Methyl Esters [MOME]. All the experiments were carried out on a 4.4 kW naturally aspirated stationary direct injection diesel engine coupled with a dynamometer to determine the engine performance and emission analysis for MOME. It was observed that there was a reduction in HC, CO and PM emissions along with a substantial increase in NOx. MOME and its blends had slightly lower thermal efficiency than diesel oil.

An Investigation Into OME3 on a High Compression Ratio Engine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon LeBlanc ◽  
Navjot Sandhu ◽  
Xiao Yu ◽  
Xiaoye Han ◽  
Meiping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
High Compression Ratio ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
High Compression ◽  
Combustion Emissions ◽  
Soot Emissions ◽  
Chain Lengths

Abstract For decades, alternative fuels have been studied to further engine efficiency and lower combustion emissions. Of these fuels, biodiesel, alcohols, and ethers have shown advantageous benefits of improved mixing capability or reduced combustion emissions. Ether fuels consist of a range of C-O-C chain lengths that offer various noteworthy fuel properties such as fuel oxygen content and cetane number. In this work, oxymethylene dimethyl ether (OME3) and diesel are used as neat and blended fuels on a single-cylinder high compression ratio engine. Four test fuels are investigated in this work; baseline diesel, two diesel/OME3 blends, and neat OME3 fuel. Engine tests are conducted at an engine load of 6 bar and the intake oxygen concentration is modulated via EGR to realize the resulting engine performance, stability, and exhaust emissions among the test fuels. The results show that blending OME3 fuels with diesel is an effective technique to reduce soot emissions with minimal effect on NOx emissions. Moreover, neat OME3 was capable of emitting low NOx and soot emissions with a lower EGR amount than that of diesel-blends, mitigating negative combustion implication of EGR at high levels.

On-Site Emissions and Fuel Consumption Measurement to Compare Locomotive Fuel Injector Performance

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Scott Wayne ◽  
Ryan A. Barnett ◽  
Jeffrey M. Cutright ◽  
Ted E. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
West Virginia University ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Fuel Injectors ◽  
Locomotive Engine

As part of the Norfolk-Southern Railroad’s on-going investigation into fuel consumption reductions for their fleet of 3000 locomotives, the Center for Alternative Fuels, Engines and Emissions at West Virginia University conducted on-site locomotive engine performance and emissions measurements to characterize the performance, fuel consumption and emissions associated with fuel injectors from two injector suppliers. Emissions and fuel consumption were measured using the West Virginia University Transportable Locomotive Emissions Testing Laboratory, which was set up at the Norfolk-Southern Heavy Repair Facility in Roanoke, Virginia. The tests were conducted to evaluate potential emissions and fuel consumption differences between two fuel injector suppliers using an EMD GP38-2 locomotive equipped with a 2100 hp (1566 kW), 16-cylinder, EMD 16-645E engine. The test locomotive engine was freshly overhauled and certified to the EPA locomotive Tier 0 emissions standards. Emissions and fuel consumption measurements were conducted according to the Federal Test Procedures defined in the Code of Federal Regulations 40CFR Part 92 Subpart B [1]. The engine was first tested in the “as overhauled” configuration with the OEM fuel injectors to establish the baseline emissions and fuel consumption. The baseline FTP results confirmed that this locomotive was in compliance with the Federal Tier 0 emissions standards. The OEM specification fuel injectors were replaced with “Fuel Saver” injectors designed and manufactured by an aftermarket injector supplier referred to in this paper as Supplier B. The Supplier B injectors reduced fuel consumption on the average of 2–4% for each notch, except for Notch 4 and Low Idle. However, the Supplier B injectors increased the NOx levels by 20–30% for almost every notch, which is an expected result due to the improved combustion efficiency.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Ethanol-Petrol Blends Operating with a Petrol Engine: An Overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 465-469
Author(s):  
Nazrul Atan ◽  
Azizul Mokhtar ◽  
Najib Rahman ◽  
Amir Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Petrol Engine ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Petroleum Price ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Performance And Emissions

The use of biopetrol fuel as alternative fuels in gasoline engine has been around for many years and Ethanol-petrol has the potential to be used as alternative fuel that can reduce the total CO2emission from internal petrol engine. However, the changes of bio-petrol is a very complex and need further understanding for researchers due to the relevance of the increase in the petroleum price and the future environmental regulation. This review paper focuses to ascertain a new approach in potential on ethanol-petrol blends operating with a petrol engine especially the effects of ethanol gas petrol blending ratio and variant types of ethanol on performance and emissions of petrol engine. It is shown that the variant in biopetrol blending ratio and engine operational condition are reduced engine-out emissions and increased efficiency. This paper presents on a review on three different types of ethanol like sugar cane, wheat and corn with various blended rates. Investigation framework study on how to complete the research is also included in this paper.Keywords: biopetrol, petrol engine, performance, emissions, biopetrol fuel properties

Measurements of Laminar Flame Speeds of Alternative Gaseous Fuel Mixtures

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Ibrahim ◽  
Samer F. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Laminar Flame ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Gaseous Fuel ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Fuel Mixtures

Global warming and the ever increasing emission levels of combustion engines have forced the engine manufacturers to look for alternative fuels for high engine performance and low emissions. Gaseous fuel mixtures such as biogas, syngas, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are new alternative fuels that have great potential to be used with combustion engines. In the present work, laminar flame speeds (SL) of alternative fuel mixtures, mainly LPG (60% butane, 20% isobutane, and 20% propane) and methane have been studies using the tube method at ambient conditions. In addition, the effect of adding other fuels and gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen on SL has also been investigated. The results show that any change in the fuel mixture composition directly affects SL. Measurements of SL of CH4/LPG–air mixtures have found to be about 56 cm/s at ø = 1.1 with 60% LPG in the mixture, which is higher than SL of both pure fuels at the same ø. Moreover, the addition of H2 and O2 to the fuel mixtures increases SL notably, while the addition of CO2/N2 mixture to the fuel mixture, to simulate the EGR effect, decreases SL of CH4/LPG–air mixtures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document