On the Use of a Pulsed Nuclear Thermal Rocket for Interplanetary Travel

Robots and Humans in Space Flight: Technology, Evolution, and Interplanetary Travel

4th International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference and Exhibit (IECEC) ◽

10.2514/6.2006-4006 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roger Launius ◽

Howard McCurdy

Keyword(s):

Space Flight ◽

Technology Evolution ◽

Interplanetary Travel

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On Feasibility of Interplanetary Travel: the Flight from Earth to Mars and Back

Modeling, Control and Optimization of Complex Systems ◽

10.1007/978-1-4615-1139-7_8 ◽

2003 ◽

pp. 179-194

Author(s):

Angelo Miele

Keyword(s):

Interplanetary Travel

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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Hypogravity Simulation

Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance ◽

10.3357/amhp.5733.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 106-112

Author(s):

Sindujen Sriharan ◽

Gemma Kay ◽

Jimmy C.Y. Lee ◽

Ross D. Pollock ◽

Thais Russomano

Keyword(s):

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Lunar Gravity ◽

The Moon ◽

Chest Compressions ◽

Resuscitation Guidelines ◽

Cpr Quality ◽

Gender Space ◽

External Chest Compressions ◽

Mixed Gender ◽

Interplanetary Travel

BACKGROUND: Limited research exists into extraterrestrial CPR, despite the drive for interplanetary travel. This study investigated whether the terrestrial CPR method can provide quality external chest compressions (ECCs) in line with the 2015 UK resuscitation guidelines during ground-based hypogravity simulation. It also explored whether gender, weight, and fatigue influence CPR quality.METHODS: There were 21 subjects who performed continuous ECCs for 5 min during ground-based hypogravity simulations of Mars (0.38 G) and the Moon (0.16 G), with Earths gravity (1 G) as the control. Subjects were unloaded using a body suspension device (BSD). ECC depth and rate, heart rate (HR), ventilation (VE), oxygen uptake (Vo2), and Borg scores were measured.RESULTS: ECC depth was lower in 0.38 G (42.9 9 mm) and 0.16 G (40.8 9 mm) compared to 1 G and did not meet current resuscitation guidelines. ECC rate was adequate in all gravity conditions. There were no differences in ECC depth and rate when comparing gender or weight. ECC depth trend showed a decrease by min 5 in 0.38 G and by min 2 in 0.16 G. Increases in HR, VE, and Vo2 were observed from CPR min 1 to min 5.DISCUSSION: The terrestrial method of CPR provides a consistent ECC rate but does not provide adequate ECC depths in simulated hypogravities. The results suggest that a mixed-gender space crew of varying bodyweights may not influence ECC quality. Extraterrestrial-specific CPR guidelines are warranted. With a move to increasing ECC rate, permitting lower ECC depths and substituting rescuers after 1 min in lunar gravity and 4 min in Martian gravity is recommended.Sriharan S, Kay G, Lee JCY, Pollock RD, Russomano T. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hypogravity simulation. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(2):106112.

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