CFD Analysis and Full Scale Wind Tunnel and Flight Testing of a Complex Auxiliary Power Unit Intake System

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Hernanz ◽  
Bruce Bouldin ◽  
Miguel Angel Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Flight Testing ◽  
Intake System ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power

CFD Analysis and Full Scale Testing of a Complex Auxiliary Power Unit Intake System

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Bouldin ◽  
Kiran Vunnam ◽  
Jose-Angel Hernanz-Manrique ◽  
Laura Ambit-Marin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Flow Distortion ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Intake System ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Engine Compressor ◽  
The Impact

Auxiliary Power Units (APU’s) are gas turbine engines which are located in the tail of most commercial and business aircraft. They are designed to provide electrical and pneumatic power to the aircraft on the ground while the main propulsion engines are turned off. They can also be operated in flight, when there is a desire to reduce the load on the propulsion engines, such as during an engine-out situation. Given an APU’s typical position in the back of an airplane, the intake systems for APU’s can be very complex. They are designed to provide sufficient airflow to both the APU and the cooling system while minimizing the pressure losses and the flow distortion. These systems must perform efficiently during static operation on the ground and during flight at very high altitudes and flight speeds. An APU intake system has been designed for a new commercial aircraft. This intake system was designed using the latest Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques. Several iterations were performed between the APU supplier and the aircraft manufacturer since each of their components affects the performance of the other. For example, the aircraft boundary layer impacts APU intake performance and an open APU flap impacts aircraft drag. To validate the effectiveness of the CFD analysis, a full scale intake rig was designed and built to simulate the tailcone of the aircraft on the ground. This rig was very large and very detailed. It included a portion of the tailcone and rudder, plus the entire APU and cooling intake systems. The hardware was manufactured out of fiberglass shells, stereolithogrophy components and machined plastic parts. Three different airflows for the load compressor, engine compressor and cooling system had to be measured and throttled. Fixed instrumentation rakes were located to measure intake induced pressure losses and distortion at the APU plenum and cooling ducts. Rotating pressure and swirl survey rakes were located at the load compressor and engine compressor eyes to measure plenum pressure losses and distortion. Static pressure taps measured the flow pattern along the intake and flap surfaces. The intake rig was designed to be flexible so that the impact of rudder position, intake flap position, APU plenum baffle position and compressor airflow levels could be evaluated. This paper describes in detail the different components of the intake rig and discusses the complexity of conducting a rig test on such a large scale. It also presents the impact of the different component positions on intake performance. These results were compared to CFD predicted values and were used to calibrate our CFD techniques. The effectiveness of using CFD for APU intake design and its limitations are also discussed.

Approximation of Payback Period of Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Unit for Large Trucks

2009 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-229
Author(s):  
Noboru Katayama ◽  
Hideyuki Kamiyama ◽  
Yusuke Kudo ◽  
Sumio Kogoshi ◽  
Takafumi Fukada
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power

Electric auxiliary power unit for Shuttle evolution

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUG MEYER ◽  
KENT WEBER ◽  
WALTER SCOTT
Keyword(s):  
Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power

scholarly journals Improving EGT sensing data anomaly detection of aircraft auxiliary power unit

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liansheng LIU ◽  
Yu PENG ◽  
Lulu WANG ◽  
Yu DONG ◽  
Datong LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power

Low-Emissions Technology Development for Auxiliary Power Unit Combustion Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bronson ◽  
Rudy Dudebout ◽  
Nagaraja Rudrapatna
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
Criteria Pollutants ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Combustion Systems ◽  
Aircraft Application

Abstract The aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) is required to provide power to start the main engines, conditioned air and power when there are no facilities available and, most importantly, emergency power during flight operation. Given the primary purpose of providing backup power, APUs have historically been designed to be extremely reliable while minimizing weight and fabrication cost. Since APUs are operated at airports especially during taxi operations, the emissions from the APUs contribute to local air quality. There is clearly significant regulatory and public interest in reducing emissions from all sources at airports, including from APUs. As such, there is a need to develop technologies that reduce criteria pollutants, namely oxides of nitrogen (NOx), unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), carbon monoxide (CO) and smoke (SN) from aircraft APUs. Honeywell has developed a Low-Emissions (Low-E) combustion system technology for the 131-9 and HGT750 family of APUs to provide significant reduction in pollutants for narrow-body aircraft application. This article focuses on the combustor technology and processes that have been successfully utilized in this endeavor, with an emphasis on abating NOx. This paper describes the 131-9/HGT750 APU, the requirements and challenges for small gas turbine engines, and the selected strategy of Rich-Quench-Lean (RQL) combustion. Analytical and experimental results are presented for the current generation of APU combustion systems as well as the Low-E system. The implementation of RQL aerodynamics is well understood within the aero-gas turbine engine industry, but the application of RQL technology in a configuration with tangential liquid fuel injection which is also required to meet altitude ignition at 41,000 ft is the novelty of this development. The Low-E combustion system has demonstrated more than 25% reduction in NOx (dependent on the cycle of operation) vs. the conventional 131-9 combustion system while meeting significant margins in other criteria pollutants. In addition, the Low-E combustion system achieved these successes as a “drop-in” configuration within the existing envelope, and without significantly impacting combustor/turbine durability, combustor pressure drop, or lean stability.

Analysis of a Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Based Automotive Auxiliary Power Unit

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Keegan ◽  
M. Khaleel ◽  
L. Chick ◽  
K. Recknagle ◽  
S. Simner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power

Analysis of a Radioisotope Thrustor-Auxiliary Power Unit

1965 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
David F. Berganni ◽  
Robert R. Barthelemy
Keyword(s):  
Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power Unit ◽  
Auxiliary Power
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