Wind Tunnel Investigation of a Flexible Wing High-Lift Configuration with a Variable Camber Continuous Trailing Edge Flap Design

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhan T. Nguyen ◽  
Nathan Precup ◽  
Eli Livne ◽  
James M. Urnes ◽  
Eric Dickey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
High Lift ◽  
Flexible Wing ◽  
Flap Design ◽  
Trailing Edge Flap

Robust Design of Helicopter Rotor Flaps Using Bat Algorithm

2018 ◽  
pp. 418-445
Author(s):  
Rajnish Mallick ◽  
Ranjan Ganguli
Keyword(s):  
Bat Algorithm ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Aeroelastic Analysis ◽  
Flap Design ◽  
Bladed Rotor ◽  
Trailing Edge Flap ◽  
Polynomial Response Surface ◽  
Actuation Power

The objective of this chapter is to determine an optimal trailing edge flap configuration and flap location to achieve minimum hub vibration levels and flap actuation power simultaneously. An aeroelastic analysis of a soft in-plane four-bladed rotor is performed in conjunction with optimal control. A second-order polynomial response surface based on an orthogonal array (OA) with 3-level design describes both the objectives adequately. Two new orthogonal arrays called MGB2P-OA and MGB4P-OA are proposed to generate nonlinear response surfaces with all interaction terms for two and four parameters, respectively. A multi-objective bat algorithm (MOBA) approach is used to obtain the optimal design point for the mutually conflicting objectives. MOBA is a recently developed nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithm that is based on the echolocation behaviour of bats. It is found that MOBA inspired Pareto optimal trailing edge flap design reduces vibration levels by 73% and flap actuation power by 27% in comparison with the baseline design.

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