Picosecond CARS Measurements of Nitrogen Vibrational Loading and Rotational/Translational Temperature in Nonequilibrium Discharges

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Montello ◽  
Z. Yin ◽  
D. Burnette ◽  
Igor Adamovich ◽  
Walter Lempert
Keyword(s):  
Translational Temperature ◽  
Vibrational Loading

scholarly journals The behavior and modelling of the vibrational-to-translational temperature ratio at long time scales in CO2 vibrational kinetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 2108-2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio H. Moreno ◽  
Andrzej I. Stankiewicz ◽  
Georgios D. Stefanidis
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Kinetics Study ◽  
Temperature Ratio ◽  
Translational Temperature ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Vibrational Kinetics ◽  
Non Thermal Plasma

Reaction kinetics study of the vibrational-to-translational temperature ratio of CO2, a crucial variable to achieve an energetically efficient dissociation in non-thermal plasma.

Effects of Driving Frequency on the Translational Temperature and Absolute Density of Si Atoms in Very High Frequency Capacitively Coupled SiF4Plasmas

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (Part 2, No. 12B) ◽  
pp. L1532-L1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Ohta ◽  
Masaru Hori ◽  
Tetsuro Ishida ◽  
Toshio Goto ◽  
Masafumi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Driving Frequency ◽  
Very High Frequency ◽  
Capacitively Coupled ◽  
Translational Temperature ◽  
Absolute Density ◽  
Very High

scholarly journals Constrained Tibial Vibration in Mice: A Method for Studying the Effects of Vibrational Loading of Bone

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaine A. Christiansen ◽  
Philip V. Bayly ◽  
Matthew J. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Bone Strain ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Loading Method ◽  
Vibrational Loading ◽  
Controlled Conditions

Vibrational loading can stimulate the formation of new trabecular bone or maintain bone mass. Studies investigating vibrational loading have often used whole-body vibration (WBV) as their loading method. However, WBV has limitations in small animal studies because transmissibility of vibration is dependent on posture. In this study, we propose constrained tibial vibration (CTV) as an experimental method for vibrational loading of mice under controlled conditions. In CTV, the lower leg of an anesthetized mouse is subjected to vertical vibrational loading while supporting a mass. The setup approximates a one degree-of-freedom vibrational system. Accelerometers were used to measure transmissibility of vibration through the lower leg in CTV at frequencies from 20Hzto150Hz. First, the frequency response of transmissibility was quantified in vivo, and dissections were performed to remove one component of the mouse leg (the knee joint, foot, or soft tissue) to investigate the contribution of each component to the frequency response of the intact leg. Next, a finite element (FE) model of a mouse tibia-fibula was used to estimate the deformation of the bone during CTV. Finally, strain gages were used to determine the dependence of bone strain on loading frequency. The in vivo mouse leg in the CTV system had a resonant frequency of 60Hz for ±0.5G vibration (1.0G peak to peak). Removing the foot caused the natural frequency of the system to shift from 60Hzto70Hz, removing the soft tissue caused no change in natural frequency, and removing the knee changed the natural frequency from 60Hzto90Hz. By using the FE model, maximum tensile and compressive strains during CTV were estimated to be on the cranial-medial and caudolateral surfaces of the tibia, respectively, and the peak transmissibility and peak cortical strain occurred at the same frequency. Strain gage data confirmed the relationship between peak transmissibility and peak bone strain indicated by the FE model, and showed that the maximum cyclic tibial strain during CTV of the intact leg was 330±82με and occurred at 60–70Hz. This study presents a comprehensive mechanical analysis of CTV, a loading method for studying vibrational loading under controlled conditions. This model will be used in future in vivo studies and will potentially become an important tool for understanding the response of bone to vibrational loading.

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