URANS Study of Air-Layer Drag Reduction in a High-Reynolds-Number Flat-Plate Turbulent Boundary Layer

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyuan Wang ◽  
Jianming Yang ◽  
Frederick Stern
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Turbulent Boundary Layer ◽  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
High Reynolds Number ◽  
High Reynolds ◽  
Air Layer Drag Reduction

Bubble friction drag reduction in a high-Reynolds-number flat-plate turbulent boundary layer

2006 ◽  
Vol 552 (-1) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
WENDY C. SANDERS ◽  
ERIC S. WINKEL ◽  
DAVID R. DOWLING ◽  
MARC PERLIN ◽  
STEVEN L. CECCIO
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Turbulent Boundary Layer ◽  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
High Reynolds Number ◽  
Friction Drag ◽  
High Reynolds ◽  
Friction Drag Reduction

Flow-induced degradation of drag-reducing polymer solutions within a high-Reynolds-number turbulent boundary layer

2011 ◽  
Vol 670 ◽  
pp. 337-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN R. ELBING ◽  
MICHAEL J. SOLOMON ◽  
MARC PERLIN ◽  
DAVID R. DOWLING ◽  
STEVEN L. CECCIO
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Turbulent Boundary Layer ◽  
Drag Reduction ◽  
High Reynolds Number ◽  
Polymer Degradation ◽  
Rheological Analysis ◽  
Downstream Distance ◽  
High Reynolds

Polymer drag reduction, diffusion and degradation in a high-Reynolds-number turbulent boundary layer (TBL) flow were investigated. The TBL developed on a flat plate at free-stream speeds up to 20ms−1. Measurements were acquired up to 10.7m downstream of the leading edge, yielding downstream-distance-based Reynolds numbers up to 220 million. The test model surface was hydraulically smooth or fully rough. Flow diagnostics included local skin friction, near-wall polymer concentration, boundary layer sampling and rheological analysis of polymer solution samples. Skin-friction data revealed that the presence of surface roughness can produce a local increase in drag reduction near the injection location (compared with the flow over a smooth surface) because of enhanced mixing. However, the roughness ultimately led to a significant decrease in drag reduction with increasing speed and downstream distance. At the highest speed tested (20ms−1) no drag reduction was discernible at the first measurement location (0.56m downstream of injection), even at the highest polymer injection flux (10 times the flux of fluid in the near-wall region). Increased polymer degradation rates and polymer mixing were shown to be the contributing factors to the loss of drag reduction. Rheological analysis of liquid drawn from the TBL revealed that flow-induced polymer degradation by chain scission was often substantial. The inferred polymer molecular weight was successfully scaled with the local wall shear rate and residence time in the TBL. This scaling revealed an exponential decay that asymptotes to a finite (steady-state) molecular weight. The importance of the residence time to the scaling indicates that while individual polymer chains are stretched and ruptured on a relatively short time scale (~10−3s), because of the low percentage of individual chains stretched at any instant in time, a relatively long time period (~0.1s) is required to observe changes in the mean molecular weight. This scaling also indicates that most previous TBL studies would have observed minimal influence from degradation due to insufficient residence times.

Two Fluid Modeling of Microbubble Turbulent Drag Reduction

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Kunz ◽  
Steven Deutsch ◽  
Jules W. Lindau
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Skin Friction ◽  
High Reynolds Number ◽  
Fluid Modeling ◽  
Wall Shear ◽  
High Reynolds ◽  
Two Fluid

An unstructured 3D multiphase CFD method has been adapted and applied for the modeling of high Reynolds number external flows with microbubble drag reduction (MDR). An ensemble averaged multi-field two-fluid baseline differential model is employed. Interfacial dynamics models are incorporated to account for drag, lift, virtual mass and dispersion. Wall kinematic constraints, porous-wall shear apportionment, coalescence, breakup and attendant turbulence attenuation are also accounted for. The results of several high Reynolds number applications are presented, including quasi-1D analysis of an equilibrium bubbly boundary layer, 2D analysis of flat plate flow across a range of gas injection flow rates, and 3D analysis of a notional high lift hydrofoil with MDR. For the flat plate analyses, quantitative comparisons are made with available experimental skin friction measurements, and qualitative comparisons are made with available volume fraction profile measurements. Though some accuracy shortcomings remain, the generally good agreement observed serves to validate the appropriateness of two-fluid modeling in these flows, while elucidating areas where modeling improvements can be made. It is observed that the extraction of turbulent kinetic energy from the liquid phase by the action of bubble breakup can be a significant source of skin friction reduction. Also, the role of mixture density in the boundary layer on wall shear stress is discussed in the context of the homogenous mixture and two-fluid simulations presented.

Turbulence profiles from a smooth flat-plate turbulent boundary layer at high Reynolds number

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 140-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric S. Winkel ◽  
James M. Cutbirth ◽  
Steven L. Ceccio ◽  
Marc Perlin ◽  
David R. Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Turbulent Boundary Layer ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
High Reynolds Number ◽  
High Reynolds
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