Rapid Aerodynamic Optimization Using Far-Field Coarsened Cartesian Grids

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Dadone ◽  
Bernard Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Far Field ◽  
Cartesian Grids ◽  
Aerodynamic Optimization

scholarly journals Aerodynamic Optimization Design on Supersonic Transports Considering Sonic Boom Intensity

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Shaowei Liu ◽  
Junqiang Bai ◽  
Peixun Yu ◽  
Bao Chen ◽  
Boxiao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Design ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Sonic Boom ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Parameter Method ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Aerodynamic Optimization ◽  
Optimization System ◽  
Design Variables

It is key points to improve the aerodynamic efficiency and decrease the sonic-boom intensity for the supersonic aircraft design. Sonic-boom prediction method with high precision combining the near-field sonic-boom prediction based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations and the far-field sonic-boom prediction based on waveform parameter method is firstly established. Then the gradient of sonic boom with respect to the design variables is calculated by the finite difference method and is combined with the gradient of the aerodynamic object by the discrete adjoint technique, acting as the gradient of the weighed object function. Assembling two gradients, the optimization system couples Free Form Deform method、the dynamic mesh technique based on Inverse Distance Weighting interpolation method、the gradient-based optimization algorithm based on the sequential quadratic programming. Using the aerodynamic optimization system considering the sonic boom intensity, the paper conducts a nose angle deflection optimization design and an elaborate aerodynamic optimization including huge design variables and constraints on a supersonic business jet, while the optimization objects are the weighed object and the supersonic cruise drag coefficient. The results show that the nose is deflected downward and the shock wave pattern is changed, leading to a lower far-field maximum overpressure; the drag is decreased by 15.8 counts, and the wing load is moved inboard, also, the pressure drag of the outer wing reduces. Meanwhile, the pressure distribution in the outer wing has a weaker adverse pressure gradient and a more gentle pressure recovery. After optimization, the low-drag and low-sonic boom configuration is obtained, which verified the effectiveness of the optimization system.

Possible applications of fraunhofer holography in high resolution electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bonnet ◽  
M. Troyon ◽  
P. Gallion
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Field Region ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
The Ideal

Two main problems in high resolution electron microscopy are first, the existence of gaps in the transfer function, and then the difficulty to find complex amplitude of the diffracted wawe from registered intensity. The solution of this second problem is in most cases only intended by the realization of several micrographs in different conditions (defocusing distance, illuminating angle, complementary objective apertures…) which can lead to severe problems of contamination or radiation damage for certain specimens.Fraunhofer holography can in principle solve both problems stated above (1,2). The microscope objective is strongly defocused (far-field region) so that the two diffracted beams do not interfere. The ideal transfer function after reconstruction is then unity and the twin image do not overlap on the reconstructed one.We show some applications of the method and results of preliminary tests.Possible application to the study of cavitiesSmall voids (or gas-filled bubbles) created by irradiation in crystalline materials can be observed near the Scherzer focus, but it is then difficult to extract other informations than the approximated size.

Multifunctional far-field luminescence nanoscope for studying single molecules and quantum dots

2018 ◽  
Vol 189 (03) ◽  
pp. 312-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Yu. Eremchev ◽  
M.Yu. Eremchev ◽  
Andrei V. Naumov
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Single Molecules ◽  
Far Field
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