Modelling and Exploring Hierarchical Systems Engineering Models with a Preliminary Ship Design Focus

In the early stages of ship design a considerable amount of experience and knowledge is used to build and evaluate empirical models with known design relationships. However, computer-based systems which aim to assist this stage have tended to concentrate on the analytical aspects of the process and have not been successful in integrating with this expertise and benefitting from it. This paper presents some of the results of a program of research into methods and representing knowledge of empirical numerical relationships used in these early stages of the design process. The work is based on an experimental system, DESIGNER, described in earlier papers. The DESIGNER system is used to carry out a series of evaluations of design sessions, using a warship design model. By examining the progress toward a set of design goals and the classes of interactions used, an improved understanding of the requirements of an interactive numerical design system is developed. As a consequence, methods have been developed to handle approximate values and relationships, to include design margins, and to represent explicitly in the system the definition and use of goals, or design requirements. Using a design model representing a bulk carrier, the paper then presents a worked example to illustrate the use of the new numerical knowledge techniques. It is concluded that the techniques could make a useful contribution to any interactive numerical design system which aims to provide improved use of expertise.

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Addressing Complexity Aspects in Conceptual Ship Design: A Systems Engineering Approach

Journal of Ship Production and Design ◽

10.5957/jspd.28.4.120015 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 145-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Henrique M. Gaspar ◽

Donna H. Rhodes ◽

Adam M. Ross ◽

Stein Ove Erikstad

Keyword(s):

Systems Engineering ◽

Ship Design ◽

Engineering Approach

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Systems engineering models

Computing & Control Engineering Journal ◽

10.1049/cce:20000409 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 187-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K. Jackson ◽

R. Stevens

Keyword(s):

Systems Engineering ◽

Engineering Models

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Systems Engineering Models

10.1201/b22519 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Adedeji B. Badiru

Keyword(s):

Systems Engineering ◽

Engineering Models

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Systems Engineering in Naval Ship Design

Naval Engineers Journal ◽

10.1111/j.1559-3584.2000.tb03318.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 112 (4) ◽

pp. 45-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. N. Calvano ◽

O. Jons ◽

R. G. Keane

Keyword(s):

Systems Engineering ◽

Ship Design ◽

Naval Ship

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Systems Engineering – The Hard Way

10.24868/issn.2515-818x.2018.009 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

A R Edmondson ◽

B Twomey

Keyword(s):

Design Process ◽

Systems Engineering ◽

Cyber Security ◽

Ship Design ◽

Life Safety ◽

Functional Requirements ◽

Design Processes ◽

Complex Interactions ◽

Safety Case ◽

Marine Vessels

Ship designers, builders, owners, insurers and class societies are becoming ever more aware of the complex interactions of the various systems found on all types of marine vessels. Therefore a design process that acknowledges these demands and assesses the risks posed, and manages them becomes ever more important. This paper seeks to explore some of the, sometimes apparently, conflicting requirements that are placed on designs of new marine platforms and looks at methods that enable these elements to be expressed, understood and managed in the context of an integrated ship design. The demands placed on new vessels include a range of requirements that move away from being solely based around the traditional functional requirements; including the ideas of designing for ease of shipbuilders, operators and maintainers; and now acknowledging the need of a through life safety case, cyber security case, and full obsolescence planning. This becomes ever more complex when consideration is given to how these through life elements are practically managed, with a range of methods, none of which are without their own challenges. It is important to note as these demands are discussed that often a ‘solution’ in the truest sense does not exist and the management of risk becomes a balance between the expected risk, the practicable solution, along with the potential compromises to both programmes and cost. While these demands place huge constraints and drive complexity into design processes, the issues can, and regularly have, been further exacerbated when some of these, or other requirements, are introduced into the design or build phases of projects. Introduction of design drivers should not be undertaken lightly or without expected, and accepted, increases in required resources, both financial and calendrical.

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