Mars Ascent Vehicle - Concept Development

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Concept Development ◽  
Vehicle Concept

scholarly journals The Impact of HVAC on the Development of Autonomous and Electric Vehicle Concepts

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Adrian König ◽  
Sebastian Mayer ◽  
Lorenzo Nicoletti ◽  
Stephan Tumphart ◽  
Markus Lienkamp
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
Vehicle Concept ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Driving Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vehicle Size ◽  
Weather Scenario

Automation and electrification are changing vehicles and mobility. Whereas electrification is mainly changing the powertrain, automation enables the rethinking of the vehicle and its applications. The actual driving range is an important requirement for the design of automated and electric vehicles, especially if they are part of a fleet. To size the battery accordingly, not only the consumption of the powertrain has to be estimated, but also that of the auxiliary users. Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) is one of the biggest auxiliary consumers. Thus, a variable HVAC model for vehicles with electric powertrain was developed to estimate the consumption depending on vehicle size and weather scenario. After integrating the model into a tool for autonomous and electric vehicle concept development, various vehicle concepts were simulated in different weather scenarios and driving cycles with the HVAC consumption considered for battery sizing. The results indicate that the battery must be resized significantly depending on the weather scenario to achieve the same driving ranges. Furthermore, the percentage of HVAC consumption is in some cases higher than that of the powertrain for urban driving cycles, due to lower average speeds. Thus, the HVAC and its energy demand should especially be considered in the development of autonomous and electric vehicles that are primarily used in cities.

scholarly journals Combining a Genetic Algorithm and a Fuzzy System to Optimize User Centricity in Autonomous Vehicle Concept Development

Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Schockenhoff ◽  
Maximilian Zähringer ◽  
Matthias Brönner ◽  
Markus Lienkamp
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Fuzzy System ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Vehicle Concept ◽  
Entire Vehicle ◽  
User Centered

The megatrends of individualization and sharing will dramatically change our consumer behavior. The needs of a product’s users will be central input for its development. Current development processes are not suitable for this product development; thus, we propose a combination of a genetic algorithm and a fuzzy system for user-centered development. We execute our new methodological approach on the example of autonomous vehicle concepts to demonstrate its implementation and functionality. The genetic algorithm minimizes the required number of vehicle concepts to satisfy the mobility needs of a user group, and the fuzzy system transfers user needs into vehicle-related properties, which are currently input for vehicle concept development. To present this method, we use a typical family and their potential mobility behavior. Our method optimizes their minimal number of vehicle concepts to satisfy all mobility needs and derives the properties of the vehicle concepts. By integrating our method into the entire vehicle concept development process, autonomous vehicles can be designed user-centered in the context of the megatrends of individualization and sharing. In summary, our method enables us to derive an optimized number of products for qualitatively described, heterogeneous user needs and determine their product-related properties.

scholarly journals CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS FOR DOORS OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 701-710
Author(s):  
Adrian König ◽  
Patrick Neuhaus ◽  
Koch Alexander ◽  
Schockenhoff Ferdinand ◽  
Hafemann Philipp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Development Process ◽  
User Study ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
Vehicle Concept ◽  
Modular Architecture

AbstractVehicle doors have barely changed in recent decades, and nor has the car. Since autonomous driving will lead to changes in vehicles and how they are used, their doors will also have to be rethought. In the project UNICARagil, researchers from several universities in Germany design and build four prototypes of driverless and autonomous vehicles, which are developed based on a new and modular architecture. As part of this, we developed a concept including a prototype of an automated door system. In this paper, we present our concept development process adapted for door systems of autonomous vehicles. Based on the vehicle concept development process, it should help researchers and engineers to select and design new door concepts in an early phase. At the end, by means of an example, we present the prototype of our door concept as well as a boarding user study we carried out. This study helps evaluate and improve the boarding comfort of future door concepts.

scholarly journals Low Temperature Hybrid Mars Ascent Vehicle Concept Development and Planning at MSFC

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
George T. Story ◽  
Andrew Prince ◽  
Jessica Chaffin ◽  
Timothy P. Kibbey ◽  
Britt Oglesby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
Vehicle Concept

scholarly journals USER NEED-ORIENTED CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3349-3358
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Schockenhoff ◽  
Adrian König ◽  
Maximilian Zähringer ◽  
Markus Lienkamp
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
Vehicle Concept ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
User Need ◽  
Input Variables

AbstractVehicle concept development is a domain that has applied and detailed its process over decades. The megatrends of the 21st century of “automation” and “sharing” influence the vehicle concept in such a manner that this well-running process needs an update. The vehicle itself and the customer of the vehicle are changing and therefore the components of the vehicle and the input variables of the useroriented design of the vehicle concept must be changed as well. We present a development process for autonomous vehicle concepts to address these challenges. We are therefore analyzing the current definition of a vehicle concept and its development process. Based on a literature review of a selection of common design methodologies, we update this definition for autonomous vehicle concepts and present a development process that presents design concepts of autonomous vehicle in a user need oriented way. This includes the sharing of models since user needs could be fulfilled by more than one vehicle concept. We believe that the presented process can be a starting point for vehicle concept development of the 21st century.

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