Comet nucleus gamma-ray spectrometer penetrator - An in situ nucleuscomposition experiment

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. SWENSON ◽  
A. MASCY ◽  
L. EDSINGER ◽  
S. SQUYRES ◽  
C.P. MCKAY
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Comet Nucleus ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer

Gamma-ray spectrometer calibration for field analysis of thorium, uranium and potassium

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1093-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Killeen ◽  
C. M. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Laboratory Analysis ◽  
In Situ Analysis ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer ◽  
Nonlinear Relation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Spectrometer Calibration

The calibration of a portable three-channel gamma-ray spectrometer for in situ analysis of thorium, uranium, and potassium is discussed. A method of regression analysis is suggested as the best means of including all of the data available from the calibration stations. Calibration indicates a nonlinear relation between count rates obtained in the field and concentrations in parts per million obtained from laboratory analysis. The range of radioelement content must be taken into consideration and appropriate sets of calibration constants applied. As an example of the method, calibration constants are calculated for a portable gamma-ray spectrometer using data for the Blind River uranium region of Ontario.

An instrument for in situ comet nucleus surface density profile measurement by gamma ray attenuation

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 961-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Ball ◽  
Stanislaw Gadomski ◽  
Marek Banaszkiewicz ◽  
Tilman Spohn ◽  
Thomas J. Ahrens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Profile ◽  
Surface Density ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Profile Measurement ◽  
Comet Nucleus ◽  
Nucleus Surface ◽  
Gamma Ray Attenuation

THE NATURAL GAMMA‐RAY FLUX: IN‐SITU ANALYSIS

Geophysics ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Doig
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
In Situ Analysis ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer ◽  
Natural Gamma ◽  
Major Project ◽  
Quantitative Evaluations

A fully portable transistorized gamma‐ray spectrometer has been constructed, and used to investigate the nature of the gamma ray activity at the surface of rock outcrops. Gamma‐ray photopeaks of [Formula: see text] and members of the U and Th series have been identified, along with strong fallout activity dominated by the 0.75 Mev activity of [Formula: see text]. A method has been devised for measuring, in situ, the K, U, and Th contents of rocks. Calibration accounts for the interference between the radioelements, and for background radiation. The following estimates of accuracy and sensitivity are for five‐minute counting intervals: 5 percent plus 0.1 percent K, 10 percent plus 0.2 ppm U, 10 percent plus 0.5 ppm Th. The main advantages of the method are its speed and versatility and the very large sample analyzed. A number of surveys have been performed to demonstrate some of the applications of the instrument. The major project of this series is detailed mapping of the K, U, and Th distribution in the Preissac granite of northwestern Quebec. In addition to its use as a petrologic tool, the technique is eminently suited to prospecting for U and Th, and the quantitative evaluations of occurrence of these elements.

the TASTE mission: In situ DEIMOS terrain analyzer with smalls and miniturized lander

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Lavagna ◽  
John Brucato ◽  
Jacopo Prinetto ◽  
Andrea Capannolo ◽  
Michele Bechini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Elemental Abundance ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer ◽  
Close Orbit ◽  
Science Operations

<p>Deimos and Phobos are considered primary targets of investigation to understand the origin and evolution of Mars and more in general the terrestrial planets of the Solar System. </p> <p>TASTE mission aims complementing MMX investigation by focusing on Deimos surface, combining both <strong>global remote sensing</strong> observations from a close orbit and<strong> direct in-situ analyses</strong> of the surface thanks to a lander release on Deimos. With a synergy between orbital and in-situ investigations, the proposed mission will contribute to the Deimos global morphology understanding; its global elemental abundance; landing site morphology and texture; landing site organic content and surface composition. TASTE is conceived as a Cubesat-in-Cubesat mission: a 12U space asset composed by a <strong>9U orbiter </strong>and a<strong> 3U lander</strong>. The former embarks an <strong>X-gamma ray spectrometer</strong> developed by OAT and a multispectral camera, the second is equipped with a  <strong>miniaturized Surface Sample Analyser</strong> (SSA), composed by a new Sample Acquisition Mechanism (SAM), conceived by PoliMi and a Surface Analytical Laboratory (SAL)  developed by INAF OAA. <br />The mission is conceived to keep the orbiter on a QSO nearby Deimos to facilitate the lander release and the scientific operations in synergy with the lander itself. Details on science, space assets sizing and design and mission science operations will be discussed in deep. </p>

scholarly journals Method for identifying areas of virgin soils using a portable gamma-spectrometer-dosimeter

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
V. P. Ramzaev ◽  
A. N. Barkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Gamma Spectrometer ◽  
External Radiation ◽  
Quantitative Criterion ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer ◽  
Starting Point

The dose rate of gamma radiation in air at a height of 1 m above the surface of virgin (undisturbed) soil is the starting point in the basic model that is used to estimate the dose of external radiation to the population living in areas contaminated due to the Chernobyl accident. Today, i.e. more than 30 years after the fallout, the finding of truly virgin lands is a rather difficult task, because many meadows were repeatedly plowed and/or rehabilitated after the accident. The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative criterion for the detection of virgin soil areas using a portable gamma-ray spectrometer-dosimeter. To achieve this, we have conducted a statistical analysis of published and new data on the use of in situ gamma-ray spectrometry in radioactively contaminated territories of the Bryansk region of Russia and the Gomel region of Belarus in 2015–2018. The sample contains results of decoding 60 gamma spectra recorded at a height of 1 m above the ground in virgin meadows, cultivated lands and forests. Based on the performed analysis, a quantitative dosimetric criterion is proposed for in situ identification of virgin soils using a portable gamma-spectrometer-dosimeter. The article presents an algorithm for searching a virgin plot.

An in-situ gamma-ray spectrometer for the deep ocean

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tsabaris ◽  
E.G. Androulakaki ◽  
S. Alexakis ◽  
D.L. Patiris
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer

Gamma-Ray Spectrometer for “In Situ” Measurements on Glaciers and Snowfields

2001 ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Antonella Balerna ◽  
Enrico Bernieri ◽  
Maurizio Chiti ◽  
Ubaldo Denni ◽  
Adolfo Esposito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer

scholarly journals In situ gamma-ray measurements of marine sediment using Monte Carlo simulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
E. Androulakaki ◽  
C. Tsabaris ◽  
D. L. Patiris ◽  
G. Eleftheriou ◽  
M. Kokkoris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Mcnp5 Code ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Experimental Geometry

This work outlines the progress in developing a new method for in situ radioactivity measurements of marine sediments. The method combines the underwater gamma-ray spectrometer (a system named KATERINA based on a NaI(Tl) detector) with Monte-Carlo calculations using the MCNP5 code. This method aims at allowing for an accurate quantitative determination of activity concentrations in marine sediments (using the in situ system), which can be applied in different areas and for variable sediment structures.As a first step, the MCNP5 code has been successfully applied for the standard 4π geometry in the aquatic environment, reproducing results of the marine efficiency as previously deduced by the GEANT4 code. The experimental set up geometry was introduced in MCNP5 using detailed information for the geometry and the materials. Moreover, a first simulated estimation of the in situ efficiency for sediment measurements is presented for 40K (1460.8 keV). For this purpose a new model was constructed taking into account a typical experimental geometry set-up (with the detector being situated in close contact with the seabed). In order to validate the Monte-Carlo results, activity measurements were also performed in sediment samples collected from Basilica, Cyprus, where the in situ system was deployed. The samples were analysed using a HPGe detector for inter-calibration purposes and the obtained results are discussed.

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