Analysis of Jet Aircraft Engine Exhaust Nozzle Entrance Profiles, Accountability, and Effects

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
A.P. Kuchar ◽  
W. Tabakoff
Keyword(s):  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Engine Exhaust

CRUCIBLE 347

Alloy Digest ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
Annealed Condition ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Cold Worked ◽  
Specialty Metals

Abstract CRUCIBLE F347 is a non-hardenable austenitic chromium-nickel steel that is particularly adaptable for use at temperatures between 800 and 1650 F. It is non-magnetic in the annealed condition but is slightly magnetic in the cold-worked condition. Among its many applications are aircraft-engine exhaust manifolds, boiler shells and high-temperature handling equipment. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-436. Producer or source: Crucible Specialty Metals Division, Colt Industries.

CRUCIBLE 321

Alloy Digest ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
Annealed Condition ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Cold Worked ◽  
Specialty Metals

Abstract CRUCIBLE 321 is a non-hardenable austenitic chromium-nickel steel which is particularly adaptable for parts fabricated by welding without postweld annealing for use at temperatures between 800 and 1500 F. This grade is non-magnetic in the annealed condition but is slightly magnetic when cold worked. Among its many applications are aircraft-engine exhaust manifolds, furnace parts and expansion joints. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-426. Producer or source: Crucible Specialty Metals Division, Colt Industries.

Aero-Gasturbine Emission Reduction and Simulation Technology: Philosophy and Approach

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savad A. Shakariyants ◽  
Jos P. van Buijtenen ◽  
Wilfried P. J. Visser
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Simulation Technology ◽  
Aircraft Emissions ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

Aircraft engine technology has gained major advances in the past 40–50 years, steadily bringing significant gains in the reduction of exhaust emissions at the source. However, with the projected increase in air traffic, the cumulative amount of aircraft emissions will still increase. This maintains the need for further progress in developing analytical methods to predict the amount and composition of exhaust gases from aircraft engines to better assess the alternatives for reducing emissions and better inform decision-makers, manufacturers and operators. The Research Project “Aero-Gasturbine Emission Reduction and Simulation Technology”, started at the Delft University of Technology in collaboration with the Dutch National Aerospace Laboratory (NLR) and the Netherlands Ministry of Traffic, is aimed to contribute to the efforts to solve the problem. With the limitations, complexity and costs of emission measurements at operational conditions, the ability to predict engine exhaust emissions by means of analytical tools becomes more urgent for minimizing aircraft engine exhaust gas emissions. This paper presents a philosophy and approach to develop such tools.

Nonintrusive optical measurements of aircraft engine exhaust emissions and comparison with standard intrusive techniques

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Schäfer ◽  
Jörg Heland ◽  
Dave H. Lister ◽  
Chris W. Wilson ◽  
Roger J. Howes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Engine Exhaust

Infrared tunable diode laser measurements of nitrogen oxide species in an aircraft engine exhaust

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joda C. Wormhoudt ◽  
Mark S. Zahniser ◽  
David D. Nelson, Jr. ◽  
J. Barry McManus ◽  
R. C. Miake-Lye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Tunable Diode Laser ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Laser Measurements

scholarly journals Chemtrails are Not Contrails: Radiometric Evidence

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
J. Marvin Herndon ◽  
Raymond D. Hoisington ◽  
Mark Whiteside
Keyword(s):  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Ice Crystal ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
The Public ◽  
Radiometric Measurements ◽  
Tropospheric Aerosol ◽  
Typical Instance ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Aims: Concerted efforts are made to deceive the public into falsely believing the jet-emplaced tropospheric aerosol trails, called chemtrails by some, are harmless ice-crystal contrails from aircraft engine exhaust-moisture. Our objective is to use radiometric measurements in the range 250-300 nm to show that a typical chemtrail is not a contrail, and to generalize that finding with additional data.  Methods: We utilized International Light Technologies ILT950UV Spectral Radiometer mounted on a Meade LXD55 auto guider telescope tripod and mount assembly. Results: Radiometric solar irradiance spectra data that included the transit of a typical tropospheric aerosol trail between radiometer-sensor and the solar disc showed significant absorption during    the transit period. The during-transit absorption is wholly inconsistent with the almost negligible adsorption by ice, but is wholly consistent with absorption by aerosolize particulates, including coal fly ash. This result is consistent with other aerosol-trail physical phenomena observations. Conclusions: The public and the scientific community have been systematically deceived into falsely believing that the pervasive, jet-sprayed ‘chemtrails’ are harmless ice-crystal contrails. We have presented radiometric measurements which unambiguously prove the falsity of that characterization for one specific, but typical instance. We show in a more general framework that the physical manifestations of the aerial trails are inconsistent with ice-crystal contrails, but entirely consistent with aerosol particulate trails. We describe potential reasons for the deception, and cite the extremely adverse consequences of the aerial particulate spraying on human and environmental health. For the sake of life on Earth, the modification of the natural environment by aerial particulate spraying and other methodologies must immediately and permanently end.

Measurement of Volatile Particulate Matter Emissions From Aircraft Engines Using a Simulated Plume Aging System

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Peck ◽  
Michael T. Timko ◽  
Zhenhong Yu ◽  
Hsi-Wu Wong ◽  
Scott C. Herndon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Precursor Material ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions ◽  
Engine Testing ◽  
Volatile Precursors ◽  
The Impact

Aircraft exhaust contains nonvolatile (soot) particulate matter (PM), trace gas pollutants, and volatile PM precursor material. Nonvolatile soot particles are predominantly present at the engine exit plane, but volatile PM precursors form new particles or add mass to the existing ones as the exhaust is diluted and cooled. Accurately characterizing the volatile PM mass, number, and size distribution is challenging due to this evolving nature and the impact of local ambient conditions on the gas-to-particle conversion processes. To accurately and consistently measure the aircraft PM emissions, a dilution and aging sampling system that can condense volatile precursors to particle phase to simulate atmospheric evolution of aircraft engine exhaust has been developed. In this paper, field demonstration of its operation is described. The dilution/aging probe system was tested using both a combustor rig and on-wing CFM56-7 engines. During the combustor rig testing at NASA Glenn Research Center, the dilution/aging probe supported formation of both nucleation/growth mode particles and soot coatings. The results showed that by increasing residence time, the nucleation particles become larger in size, increase in total mass, and decrease in number. During the on-wing CFM56-7 engine testing at Chicago Midway Airport, the dilution/aging probe was able to form soot coatings as well as nucleation mode particles, unlike conventional 1-m probe engine measurements. The number concentration of nucleation particles depended on sample fraction and relative humidity of the dilution air. The performance of the instrument is analyzed and explained using computational microphysics simulations.

CARPENTER 80-20 ALLOY

Alloy Digest ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Chromium Alloy ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Exhaust Valves

Abstract CARPENTER 80-20 ALLOY is a nickel-chromium alloy intended for service at high temperatures. It offers good corrosion resistance to exhaust gases in aircraft piston engines. Considerable quantities of this alloy have been used as welded overlays on valve heads for aircraft engine exhaust valves. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-264. Producer or source: Carpenter.

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