scholarly journals AKULTURASI DAN ASIMILASI ORNAMEN GORGA BATAK TOBA DALAM ARSITEKTUR GEREJA KATOLIK ST MIKAEL, PANGURURAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Polin Marsahala Simanjuntak ◽  
Yusuf Affendi ◽  
Sangayu Ketut Laksemi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Visual Form ◽  
The People ◽  
Toba Batak ◽  
Behavioral Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Humans as dynamic creatures who have the creativity, taste and intention in their lives. Therefore, humans always try to interact by using the natural environment as a source to meet certain needs. From this interaction the emergence of culture in society can be seen from the production of cultural artifacts such as cutlery, homes and decoration or ornaments. North Sumatra is an area in Indonesia which has many ethnic groups in the region, one of them is Batak. The Toba Batak ethnic is known for his diversity of skills as a medium for expressing people's ideas in a visual form. This visual form plays a role in the development of culture and communicates the values of the beliefs and customs of the people. Ornaments or ornaments on the Toba Batak traditional house are often referred to as Gorga. Gorga is a message of desire and advice that comes from knowledge, hope, thoughts, behavioral attitudes, and beauty to be communicated. The entry of Christianity became one of the new cultural elements of the Toba Batak customs. The Toba Batak experienced a social process characterized by efforts to reduce these differences. This process of assimilation and acculturation allows cultures and ethnic groups to adapt to other cultures. This change can refer to attitudes, values, and identity, even the Gorga ornament itself in the Toba Batak architecture. Gorga ornaments undergo a process of acculturation and assimilation so that it starts to be widely applied to modern public buildings. The church as a symbol of the relationship with the creator needs ornaments to carry implied meanings. The meaning of ornament that was understood before, from the understanding of Toba Batak cultural traditions experienced a constructive shift in meaning towards the understanding of church tradition. This gives enthusiasm, as well as an opportunity to preserve and develop local wisdom and values of the Toba Batak community in the life of modern society. </p><p><br /> <br /><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Manusia sebagai mahluk yang dinamis yang memiliki cipta, rasa dan karsa dalam kehidupannya. Oleh karena itu, manusia senantiasa berupaya berinteraksi dengan menggunakan alam lingkungan sebagai salah satu sumber untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tertentu. Dari interaksi inilah munculnya kebudayaan dalam masyarakat yang dapat dilihat dari dihasilkannya artefak artefak budaya seperti peralatan makan, rumah tinggal dan ragam hias atau ornamen. Sumatera Utara merupakan daerah di Indonesia yang memiliki banyak etnis suku di wilayahnya salah satunya suku Batak. Etnis Batak Toba dikenal dengan keaneka ragaman keterampilan sebagai suatu media ungkapan ide masyarakat dalam bentuk visual. Bentuk visual inilah yang berperan dalam pengembangan kebudayaan serta mengkomunikasikan nilai-nilai kepercayaan dan adat istiadat masyarakatnya. Ornamen atau ragam hias pada rumah adat Batak Toba sering disebut dengan istilah Gorga. Gorga merupakan suatu pesan hasrat dan nasehat yang bersumber dari pengetahuan, harapan, buah pikiran, sikap perilaku, dan keindahan yang hendak dikomunikasikan. Masuknya agama Kristen menjadi salah satu unsur kebudayaan baru pada adat istiadat Batak Toba. Batak Toba mengalami suatu proses sosial yang ditandai dengan adanya usaha-usaha mengurangi perbedaan-perbedaan tersebut. Proses  asimilasi dan akulturasi ini memungkinkan budaya dan kelompok etnis menyesuaikan diri dengan budaya yang lain. Perubahan ini dapat merujuk kepada sikap,nilai, dan jati diri, bahkan ornamen  Gorga itu sendiri  pada  arsitektur Batak Toba. Ornamen Gorga mengalami proses akulturasi dan asimilasi sehingga mulai banyak diterapkan pada bangunan publik modern. Gereja sebagai simbol hubungan dengan pencipta membutuhkan ornamen untuk membawa makna-makna yang tersirat. Makna ornamen yang dipahami sebelumnya, dari pemahaman tradisi budaya Batak Toba mengalami pergeseran makna yang konstruktif terhadap pemahaman tradisi gereja. Hal tersebut memberikan semangat, serta kesempatan untuk melestarikan serta mengembangkan kearifan lokal dan nilai-nilai masyarakat Batak Toba ke dalam kehidupan masyarakat modern.</p>

scholarly journals Asimilasi dalam Keluarga Perkawinan antar Etnik Perempuan Batak Toba dan Laki-laki Tionghoa di Doloksanggul Sumatera Utara

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Dinata Lumban Gaol ◽  
Ichwan Azhari ◽  
Fikarwin Zuska
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Toba Batak

The purposes of this study are to analyze; (1) the process of mixed marriages or assimilation between the marriages of Toba Batak women and Tionghoa Men in Doloksanggul. (2) the important factors encouraging mixed marriages between Batak Toba women and Tionghoa men in Doloksanggul, and (3) the mixed marriages harmony between Toba Batak women and Tionghoa Men in Doloksanggul. This research is qualitative method. The results of this study are; cultural assimilation: the process of adopting values, beliefs, dogmas, language ideologies and symbol systems of an ethnic group or various groups for the formation of values, beliefs, dogmas, language ideology and symbolic systems of a new ethnic groups. Structural assimilation: the process of penetrating the culture of ethnic groups into other ethnic cultures through primary groups such as family, close friends. In the marriage assimilation, or often called physical assimilation that occurs because of inter-ethnic or inter-racial marriages, produces a new ethnicities or races, which have different cultures, there is an association among individuals or groups intensively and in a relatively long time. People from different cultural backgrounds, interacting directly intensively for a long time which changed their form into elements of mixed culture. Usually, the groups involved in an assimilation process are a majority group and some minority groups that change the specific characteristics of their cultural elements and adapt them to the culture of the majority, so that gradually they lose their cultural personality and produce the majority culture. The conclusion of this field research is that; the interaction between ethnic Tionghoa and Toba Batak in Doloksanggul expressing a pattern of adaptation in an associative social process. The interaction is carried out in the form of accommodation and cooperation and acculturation. The pattern of interaction carried out by Tionghoa ethnic is as their effort to be a part of participating as Doloksanggul community members. Although the adjustment referred to is still more economic in nature, anthropologically it can be seen as a part of the social process towards social harmony and social integration.

The relationship between the Shang and the ethnic groups on the Northern Frontiers as reflected in the northern-style bronzes unearthed in Yinxu Site

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenghan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Eurasian Steppe ◽  
The People ◽  
Frontier Zone ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Northern Frontier

AbstractThrough an analysis of oracle bone inscriptions relating to attacks on the northern and western borders of the Shang Kingdom by various ethnic groups living in the Northern Frontier Zone, this paper suggests that the members of northern chiefdoms such as the Qiong Fang, Tu Fang, or Fang Fang mainly lived in the mountainous areas of present-day western and northwestern Shanxi, northeastern Shaanxi, and northern Hebei Provinces. The paper analyzes the characteristics of northern frontier-style bronzes unearthed from this region and suggests to which cultures they may have belonged. Based on these suggestions and analyses, this paper discusses the northern-style bronzes unearthed from offering pits, sacrificial pits and tombs at the Yinxu Site and reveals that the northern-style bronzes frequently seen at Yinxu, especially the ones dating to the late stage of Phase I and Phase II of Yinxu Period (i.e., those dating to the reigns of Kings Wu Ding and Zu Jia), are a sign of frequent warfare between the Shang people and the ethnic groups inhabiting the Northern Frontier Zone, warfare having been the main form of the contact between them. Moreover, this paper discusses the significance of the communication of the Shang with these northern ethnic groups for establishing exchange between the Shang and the people in the Eurasian Steppe.

scholarly journals Hubungan Karakteristik Responden, Daya Beli dan Asal Suku Bangsa dengan Pola Asuh dalam Pemberian Makanan Pendamping Air Susu (MPASI) pada Bayi Usia 0-12 Bulan di Kota Jambi

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Reni Mitra Sari ◽  
Nur Alam Fajar ◽  
Zulkarnai Zulkarnain
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The People ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to analyze the relationship characteristic of respondents, purchasing power and the origin of ethnic groups with the foster pattern in the feeding of milk escort food (MPASI) in infants aged 0-12 months in Jambi city. This research using methods is an observational research with a mixed method research method between qualitative and quantitative research. This research was conducted in several tribes in Jambi city, such as the people of Origin Jambi as the result of the research is characteristic of respondents who have a last education low of 38 people (39.6%), knowledge of MPASI less well as 66 people (68.8%), customs habits (MPASI) less good as many as 45 people (46.9%), not working as much as 77 people ( And the foster pattern of poor MPASI as much as 50 people (52.1%).

scholarly journals Tombs, Images and Identities in Ancient Anatolia

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.Sc. Lucia Novakova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Mediterranean World ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
External Impetus ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Of Greece

Self-definition of ancient Greeks was created under the influence of socio-historical events, reflecting both, the relationship between Hellenes themselves and attitudes towards others. Greek wonder as a selfgenerated process yielded to a growing awareness that the drive towards advancement, observed in certain regions of Greece, was probably not possible without the external impetus of an extensively integrated Mediterranean world (Rollinger 2006, 197-226). The influencing factors for self-definition of ancient Greeks were a shared myth of descent, a shared territory, and a shared sense of history. Many scholars assume, that a sense of Greekness among Dorians, Ionians, Aiolians and others was finally crystallized throughout the number of military conflicts in which they were involved during the Classical period. Its seems probable that Athens played a major role both in the invention of the barbarian concept and in the substitution of cultural for ethnic criteria in the self-definition of Greeks. In their self-definition, Greeks seem to be deliberately stylized as antinomy to what they considered  to be typical for others. Similarly, as a response to the strong pressure from the Persians, the national awareness of the Anatolians was formed. Interestingly, in some cases local ethnic groups had chosen cultural elements that had been associated with Greeks or Persians for their self-definition.

scholarly journals Demokrasi dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Islam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aa Wasi'a
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Western Democracy ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTDemocracy in the perspective of Islamic education so far has no concrete definition, the difference between western democracy and islamic democracy, as well as the implementation of democracy that is not in accordance with Islamic teachings, then the problem that will arise is how democracy according to Islamic teachings? How is democracy in Islamic government? And to what extent is the relationship between democracy and Islamic religious education?In the age before Islam entered the people of ethnic groups and nationalities and the existing ties were blood ties. But after the teachings of Islam enter the bonds that apply are religious ties. This is in accordance with the word of Allah Surah Al-Hujrat: 13, Sura Al-Imron: 26 and 159 and Sura As-Shura: 38.Democracy according to Islam is often synonymous with the word musyawarah (shura), largely functioning as a form of government. Even though the reality is actually wider, it functions to all aspects of Islamic life.The democratic system in determining leadership and procedures for appointing leaders according to the Islamic concept as well as the thoughts of scholars on the concept of democracy shows that there are significant differences between western democracy and Islamic democracy, among the differences are western democracy, the highest power belongs only to the people, whereas in Islamic democracy The highest power is in the hands of God (Allah) and the Shari'ah of the past and the people are only as kholifah (representatives) of Allah to manage and manage the State while still relying on the Al-Quran and Sunnah. also Islamic lawThe relationship between democracy and Islamic religious education is very close because in education there is one of the principles of education, namely the understanding of democracy and Islam always puts forward the principle of deliberation in deciding everything.Keywords: Islamic and western democracy, Islamic Government System and Islamic Religious Education

scholarly journals Kabbalist and Communal Leader: Rabbi Yudel Rosenberg and the Canadian Jewish Community

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Orthodox Judaism ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
Competing Demands ◽  
The Relationship

The social, economic and religious pressures encountered by Eastern European Jews who emigrated to North America have been well documented. But focus on these areas has mostly failed to take into account the relationship between Orthodox Judaism and the process of adaptation to the New World. At the turn of the century, Orthodox rabbis, immigrants themselves, actively wrestled with the competing demands of Orthodox tradition and modern society. One such rabbi, Judah (Yudel) Rosenberg, brought with him to Canada a background combining both traditional Hasidism and secular learning. Rosenberg sought to draw the people closer to tradition by making it more accessible to them. Mysticism, especially, he viewed as the key to the preservation and regeneration of Judaism amongst a population that found it easier to make excuses than to follow the letter of religious law.

scholarly journals Influences of Cultural Elements on Metaphor

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Keyu He
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The People ◽  
Figure Of Speech ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Metaphor is not only an important figure of speech, but also a cognitive means of the human mind. The people with different means of thinking have different cultures. The metaphorical language used by people must be fully saturated with culture peculiar to it. Metaphor, as a figure of speech, is unavoidably associated with culture due to the relationship of language and culture. As far as the theme of the thesis is concerned, it tries to analyze the cultural factors influencing the formation of metaphor.</p>

scholarly journals The conceptual opposition “Wealth-Poverty” in heparemiological units of the Russian and Kazakh languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Extra-B) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Radif Rifkatovich Zamaletdinov ◽  
Gulnaz Rishatovna Izhbaeva ◽  
Aigerim Sidegalikyzy Mirzagalieva
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Linguistic Expression ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Linguistic Experience ◽  
Spiritual Culture ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Relationship

Currently, one of the topical issues of modern linguistics is the study of certain concepts. The result of this linguistic experience is also paremias, which are an important element of folk culture. Folk culture, in turn, has linguistic expression. Interest in the study of this issue is due to the fact that modern scientists have recently repeatedly turned to the consideration of the issue of the relationship between language, thinking and human spiritual culture. The concept of "wealth-poverty" is one of the key concepts to understand the world of peoples, since the content of this concept in modern society is determined by the measure of the concept of "happiness". In this regard, this article analyzes the concept of "wealth-poverty" in the paremiological units of the Russian and Kazakh languages. By proverbs it is possible to determine common and different features in the comprehension of the world by different peoples, to show the reflection of this world in proverbs, and also to compare the emerging mentality of the people in proverbs.

scholarly journals KOMUNIKASI ISLAM DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL

TASAMUH ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-96
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zakaria Al Anshori
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Solutions

Social change is a social process experienced by members of society and all elements of culture and social systems, where all levels of people's lives are voluntary or influenced by external elements by abandoning the patterns of life, culture, and social systems long after adjust or use new patterns of life, culture, and social systems. With the existence of social change, of course, Islamic communication has challenges that must be passed and decomposed holistically, by finding and finding alternative solutions for the effectiveness and accuracy of contemporary Islamic communication. Among the concrete problems in the behaviour of social change, for example, modern society today abandons traditional values, has a hedonistic lifestyle and acts spree and so on. Therefore, Islamic communication must lead to handling real problems. This means that Islamic communication activities are efforts to solve or solve the problems of the life of the people and society in the socio-cultural, economic and political fields within the framework of modern society. The form of Islamic communication can be done formally in the activities of individuals in academia, social education institutions and da'wah institutions, and can also be done non-formally by individuals in the social life of the community.

scholarly journals Local Leadership Legal Of Etnography In Traditional Area In Papua (Legal Anthropology Perspective)

2019 ◽  
pp. 137-155
Author(s):  
Frans Reumi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Anthropology ◽  
Government Structure ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Local Leadership ◽  
The People ◽  
Indigenous Territories ◽  
The Law ◽  
Traditional Area

The purpose of this paper describing the ethnography of the law of adat leadership in the seven indigenous territories in Tanah Papua is the perspective of legal anthropology, which is one of the ethnographic frameworks of the Papuan ethnography in particular from the cultural elements of social organizations. Ethnography of the law of traditional leadership lives in the culture and customary law of the community or ethnic group as the living law, classified into four types of ethnographic typology of customary leadership law: 1) leadership system of the man of authority/Big Man (Menagawan/Tonowi), 2) Klen Leadership System (Keondoafian/Ondofolo/Ontofro/Chaisoi, 3) Raja's leadership system (Fun / Weight), 4) Mixed leadership system (Sera/Mananwir). The nature of the four typologies is the customary government structure of the people or ethnic groups spread across seven indigenous territories: 1) La Pago, 2) Me Pago, 3) Ha Anim, 4) Tabi/Mamta, and 5) Saireri (in Papua Province), Doberay and Bomberay (in West Papua Province), as regional development capital in Papua in the future, and as a development challenge for regional governments, the world of higher education, in organizing communities or ethnic groups in Papua facing the era of globalization.

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