scholarly journals Birth Weight, Weight Gain and Intestinal Disaccharidase Activities in Calves as Affected by Maternal Undernutrition in Late Pregnancy

1985 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249
Author(s):  
Toshikazu MIYASHIGE ◽  
Yoshiro HAYASHI ◽  
Kunio KATO ◽  
Shigefusa YAHATA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition

scholarly journals Sex-specific associations of maternal prenatal testosterone levels with birth weight and weight gain in infancy

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Voegtline ◽  
K. A. Costigan ◽  
K. T. Kivlighan ◽  
J. L. Henderson ◽  
J. A. DiPietro
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Infant Weight Gain ◽  
Postnatal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Testosterone ◽  
Age And Sex

Associations between maternal salivary testosterone at 36 weeks’ gestation with birth weight and infant weight gain through 6 months of age were examined in a group of 49 healthy, pregnant women and their offspring. The diurnal decline of maternal testosterone was conserved in late pregnancy, and levels showed significant day-to-day stability. Elevated maternal morning testosterone level was associated with lower birth weight Z-scores adjusted for gestational age and sex, and greater infant weight gain between birth and 6 months. Although maternal testosterone levels did not differ by fetal sex, relations were sex-specific such that maternal testosterone had a significant impact on weight for male infants; among female infants associations were nonsignificant. Results highlight the opposing influence of maternal androgens during pregnancy on decreased growth in utero and accelerated postnatal weight gain.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour with Gestational Weight Gain and Birth Weight

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneloes E. Ruifrok ◽  
Ellen Althuizen ◽  
Nicolette Oostdam ◽  
Willem van Mechelen ◽  
Ben Willem Mol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. To evaluate the relationship of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour with gestational weight gain (GWG) and birth weight.Design. Combined data from two prospective studies: (1) nulliparous pregnant women without BMI restrictions and (2) overweight and obese pregnant women at risk for gestational diabetes.Methods. Daily PA and sedentary behaviour were measured with an accelerometer around 15 and at 32–35 weeks of gestation. The association between time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and in sedentary activities with GWG and birth weight was determined. Main outcome measures were GWG between 15 and 32 weeks of gestation, average GWG per week, and birth weight.Results. We studied 111 women. Early in pregnancy, 32% of women spent ≥30 minutes/day in at least moderate PA versus 12% in late pregnancy. No significant associations were found between time spent in MVPA or sedentary behaviour with GWG or birth weight.Conclusions.We found no relation between MVPA and sedentary behaviour with GWG or birth weight. The small percentage of women meeting the recommended levels of PA indicates the need to inform and support pregnant women to maintain regular PA, as there seems to be no adverse effect on birth weight and maintaining PA increases overall health.

Heat stress during late pregnancy and postpartum influences genetic parameter estimates for birth weight and weight gain in dual-purpose cattle offspring generations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Halli ◽  
K Brügemann ◽  
M Bohlouli ◽  
T Yin ◽  
S König
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Dual Purpose Cattle ◽  
Time Lagged

Abstract Impact of direct heat stress (HS) on genetic parameter estimates, i.e., HS close to the trait recording date, was verified in several previous studies conducted in dairy and beef cattle populations. The aim of the present study was to analyze the impact of time-lagged HS at different recording periods during late pregnancy (a.p.) and postpartum (p.p.) on genetic parameter estimates for birth weight (BWT) and weight gain traits (200 day- and 365 day-weight gain (200dg, 365dg)) in offspring of the dual-purpose cattle breed ‘Rotes Höhenvieh’ (RHV). Furthermore, we estimated genetic correlations within traits across time-lagged climatic indicators, in order to proof possible genotype by environment interactions (GxE). Trait recording included 5,434 observations for BWT, 3,679 observations for 200dg and 2,998 observations for 365dg. Time-lagged climatic descriptors were classes for the mean temperature humidity index (mTHI) and number of HS days (nHS) from the following periods: 7 d-period a.p. (BWT), 56 d-period a.p. and 56 d-period p.p. (200dg and 365dg). Genetic parameters were estimated via two-trait animal models, i.e., defining the same trait in different climatic environments as different traits. Genetic variances and heritabilities for all traits increased with increasing mTHI- and nHS-classes for all recording periods, indicating pronounced genetic differentiation with regard to time-lagged in-utero HS and HS directly after birth. Similarly, in low mTHI- and nHS-classes indicating cold stress, genetic variances and heritabilities were larger than for temperate climates. Genetic correlations substantially smaller than 0.80 indicating GxE were observed when considering same traits from mTHI- and nHS-classes in greater distance. Estimated breeding values (EBV) of the ten most influential sires with the largest number of offspring records fluctuated across mTHI- and nHS-classes. Correlations between sire EBV for same traits from distant climatic classes confirmed the genetic correlation estimates. Sires displaying stable EBV with climatic alterations were also identified. Selection of those sires might contribute to improved robustness in the RHV outdoor population genetically.

Abstract #534 Influence of Gestational Weight Gain and Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index on Birth Weight

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 268-269
Author(s):  
Bolanle Okunowo ◽  
Ifedayo Odeniyi ◽  
Oluwarotimi Olopade ◽  
Olufemi Fasanmade ◽  
Omololu Adegbola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gestational Weight

scholarly journals Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain and Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke during Pregnancy Increase the Risk of Low Birth Weight: A Cross-Sectional Study among Full-Term Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Muliana Edi ◽  
Yit Chin ◽  
Fui Woon ◽  
Geeta Appannah ◽  
Poh Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shs Exposure ◽  
At Home

Despite the advancement of the healthcare system, low birth weight (LBW) remains as one of the leading causes of under-five mortality. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of LBW and its associated factors among 483 third trimester pregnant women recruited from six selected public health clinics in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Pregnant women were interviewed for information on socio-demographic characteristics, smoking behaviour, and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure at home and in the workplace. Information on the obstetrical history and prenatal care visits history were retrieved from the maternal medical records, while infant’s birth outcomes were retrieved from infant medical records. The prevalence of LBW (<2.5 kg) in infants was 10.4%, with a mean birth weight of 3.0 [standard deviation (SD) 0.4] kg. Results from the multivariable logistic regression model showed that inadequate weight gained during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18–4.90] and exposure to SHS at home (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.03–3.55) were significantly associated with LBW. In conclusion, pregnant women should monitor their rate of weight gain throughout pregnancy and avoid SHS exposure at home to reduce the risk of delivering LBW infants.

Impact of Maternal Glucose and Gestational Weight Gain on Child Obesity over the First Decade of Life in Normal Birth Weight Infants

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1559-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa A. Hillier ◽  
Kathryn L. Pedula ◽  
Kimberly K. Vesco ◽  
Caryn E.S. Oshiro ◽  
Keith K. Ogasawara
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Child Obesity ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Maternal Glucose

A comparison of the Charolais, British Friesian and Hereford breeds as sires of crossbred singlesuckled calves for beef production

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Haycock ◽  
D. A. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Selection Of

SUMMARYIn three successive years cows from an Aberdeen Angus cross Shorthorn herd were mated to pedigree Charolais, British Friesian and Hereford bulls. A comparison of the progeny of the three breeds of sire under controlled conditions was therefore possible using a random selection of dams for mating, and identical rearing of the calves. Results for live-weight gain of the suckled progeny were analysed and showed superiority of the Charolais breed over the other two when used in this form of beef cattle production.For birth weights and daily live-weight gains, particularly during the grazing period, the Charolais cross progeny showed superiority over the other two. There was a consistent although not always statistically significant tendency for these differences between the breed crosses to occur in the male calves only, the females showing little difference between breeds. The data also showed highly significant relationships between gestation period and birth weight, both within and between breed crosses.

Composition of gestational weight gain impacts maternal fat retention and infant birth weight

2003 ◽  
Vol 189 (5) ◽  
pp. 1423-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy F Butte ◽  
Kenneth J Ellis ◽  
William W Wong ◽  
Judy M Hopkinson ◽  
E.O'Brian Smith
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Infant Birth
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