scholarly journals Factors Affecting Fetal and Maternal Liver Glycogen Storage in Swine

1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Hiroshi ITOH ◽  
Sam L. HANSARD
Keyword(s):  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Maternal Liver

Effects of exercise on maternal glycogen storage patterns and fetal outcome in mature rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 1634-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Mottola ◽  
J. H. Plust ◽  
P. D. Christopher ◽  
C. L. Schachter
Keyword(s):  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Glycogen Concentration ◽  
Maternal Liver ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Maternal Exercise ◽  
Storage Patterns

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of exercise on maternal glycogen storage patterns and fetal outcome in mature (approximately 12 months of age) Sprague–Dawley rats. The exercise consisted of treadmill running at 30 m∙min−1, on a 10° incline, for 60 min, 5 days per week, for 4 weeks prior to pregnancy, which continued until day 19 of gestation. In mature animals, chronic exercise increased (p < 0.05) liver glycogen concentration in both pregnant and nonpregnant rats. In pregnant exercised animals, the glycogen concentration of the maternal liver increased almost twofold (p < 0.05) compared with the sedentary pregnant group. There was no difference in the amount of glycogen stored in the gastrocnemius or soleus muscles in response to training, pregnancy, or chronic maternal exercise in the mature rat. In the pregnant groups, there were fewer (p < 0.05) viable fetuses and more (p < 0.05) resorption sites than in young rats. In addition, exercise during pregnancy in the mature animal decreased (p < 0.05) fetal body weight. These results demonstrate that a conflict may exist between maternal exercise and fetal demands for energy in the mature rat. This conflict seems to favour the maternal system, as evidenced by the enhanced maternal liver glycogen storage and the negative effect on fetal growth.Key words: age, exercise, pregnancy, glycogen storage patterns.

Metabolic effects of oral fructose in the liver of fasted rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (4) ◽  
pp. E505-E512 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Niewoehner ◽  
D. P. Gilboe ◽  
G. A. Nuttall ◽  
F. Q. Nuttall
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Hepatic Vein ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Fasted Rats

Twenty-four-hour-fasted rats were given fructose (4 g/kg) by gavage. Fructose absorption and the portal vein, aorta, and hepatic vein plasma fructose, glucose, lactate, and insulin concentrations as well as liver fructose and fructose 1-P, glucose, glucose 6-P, UDPglucose, lactate, pyruvate, ATP, ADP, AMP, inorganic phosphate (Pi), cAMP, and Mg2+, and glycogen synthase I and phosphorylase alpha were measured at 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 120 min after gavage. Liver and muscle glycogen and serum uric acid and triglycerides also were measured. Fifty-nine percent of the fructose was absorbed in 2 h. There were modest increases in plasma and hepatic fructose, glucose, and lactate and in plasma insulin. Concentrations in the portal vein, aorta, and hepatic vein plasma indicate rapid removal of fructose and lactate by the liver and a modest increase in production of glucose. The source of the increase in plasma lactate is uncertain. Hepatic glucose 6-P increased twofold; UDPglucose rose transiently and then decreased below the control level. Fructose 1-P increased linearly to a concentration of 3.3 mumol/g wet wt by 120 min. There was no change in ATP, ADP, AMP, cAMP, Pi, or Mg2+. Serum triglycerides and uric acid were unchanged. Glycogen synthase was activated by 20 min without a change in phosphorylase alpha. This occurred with a fructose dose that did not significantly increase either the liver glucose or fructose concentrations. Liver glycogen increased linearly after 20 min, and glycogen storage was equal in liver (38.4%) and muscle (36.5%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Productive aspects of pigs fed forage cactus silage associated with feed restriction

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-716
Author(s):  
G.M. Araújo ◽  
T.D.D. Martins ◽  
P.E.N. Givisiez ◽  
L.A.F. Pascoal ◽  
R.S. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Performance Trial

This study aimed to evaluate the use of silage of forage cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) in diets for finishing pigs. Two experiments were conducted: the first for digestibility and the second for performance. In the performance trial, the quantitative levels of feed restriction (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) were evaluated, which were associated with the supply of forage cactus silage. Forage cactus silage presented 2463.59 and 2456 kcal/kg of digestible and metabolizable energy, respectively. The feed restriction levels associated with the supply of forage cactus silage influenced feed intake, weight gain and final weight negatively, but did not affect feed conversion. Carcass absolute weight was influenced negatively. However, the yield of carcass and cuts and the amount of meat in the carcass were not influenced. With the increase in feed restriction, there was a decrease in duodenal mucosa thickness, intestinal glands, liver glycogen storage and the occurrence of inflammation in the submucosa and intestinal mucosa. Forage cactus silage is not accepted well by animals. The restriction up to 30% of balanced feed did not affect feed conversion, yield of carcass and cuts and economic viability. However, levels over 10% affected intestinal health.Keywords: Alternative feed, feed preservation, intestinal health, Opuntia ficus-indica Mill, pig nutrition

Effects of maternal exercise on liver and skeletal muscle glycogen storage in pregnant rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Mottola ◽  
P. D. Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Maternal Exercise ◽  
White Gastrocnemius

To examine the effects of maternal exercise on liver and skeletal muscle glycogen storage, female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, nonpregnant runner, pregnant nonrunning control, pregnant runner, and prepregnant exercised control groups. The exercise consisted of treadmill running at 30 m/min on a 10 degree incline for 60 min, 5 days/wk. Pregnancy alone, on day 20 of gestation, decreased maternal liver glycogen content and increased red and white gastrocnemius muscle glycogen storage above control values (P less than 0.05). In contrast, exercise in nonpregnant animals augmented liver glycogen storage and also increased red and white gastrocnemius glycogen content (P less than 0.05). By combining exercise and pregnancy, the decrease in liver glycogen storage in the pregnant nonexercised condition was prevented in the pregnant runner group and more glycogen was stored in both the red and white portions of the gastrocnemius than all other groups (P less than 0.05). Fetal body weight was greatest (P less than 0.05) in the pregnant runner group and lowest (P less than 0.05) in the prepregnant exercise control group. These results demonstrate that chronic maternal exercise may change maternal glycogen storage patterns in the liver and skeletal muscle with some alteration in fetal outcome.

Effect of maternal exercise on fetal liver glycogen late in gestation in the rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1254-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. Carlson ◽  
H. T. Yang ◽  
W. S. Bradshaw ◽  
R. K. Conlee ◽  
W. W. Winder
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Maternal Liver ◽  
Maternal Exercise ◽  
Glucose Plasma ◽  
Glucagon And Insulin

To determine the effect of maternal exercise on fetal liver glycogen content, fed and fasted rats that were pregnant for 20.5 or 21.5 days were run on a rodent treadmill for 60 min at 12 m/min with a 0% grade or 16 m/min up a 10% grade. The rats were anesthetized by intravenous injection of pentobarbital sodium, and fetal and maternal liver and plasma samples were collected and frozen. Fetal liver glycogenolysis did not occur as a result of maternal exercise. Fetal blood levels of lactate increased 22–60%, but glucose, plasma glucagon, and insulin were unchanged during maternal exercise. Maternal liver glycogen decreased as a result of exercise in all groups of rats except the fasted 20.5-day-pregnant group. Plasma free fatty acids increased in all groups and blood lactate increased in fed (20.5 days) and fasted (21.5 days) pregnant rats. Maternal glucose, glucagon, and insulin values remained constant during exercise. The fetus appears to be well-protected from metabolic stress during moderate-intensity maternal exercise.

RELATION OF BODY WEIGHT TO LIVER GLYCOGEN STORAGE POTENCY OF ADRENAL CORTICAL EXTRACTS

Endocrinology ◽  
1943 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-176
Author(s):  
H. C. BERGMAN ◽  
DAVID KLEIN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Glycogen Storage
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