scholarly journals A Histological Study of Formation of the Inferior Alveolar Nerve Fibers of Macaca irus

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-428
Author(s):  
Toru Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
Histological Study ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers

scholarly journals Histological study of the pecten oculi and Cornea of the falcon"s eye ball (circus cyaneus c.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (0A) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Shakir Mahmood Mirhish
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Capillary Network ◽  
Pecten Oculi ◽  
Circus Cyaneus

The histological study of the pecten oculi of falcon eyeball is consists from 11-12 pecten plates connected to the pectin bridge. The pectin oculi extending from optic nerve toward the virtous body. Its characterization are highly visualization and continuous capillary network which infiltrated by melanocyte. The pecten oculi without muscles and nerve fibers. The study revealed that cornea of falcon eyeball was characterized by fine curvature, translucent with peripheral thickness. The cornea occupied the quarter of fibrous tunica. It consists from five layers: - anterior corneal epithelium, Bowman's membrane, stroma, Descement's membrane and endothelium.

scholarly journals Spontaneous remission of the mandibular nerve paresthesia: a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Jefferson Martins ◽  
Naiana de Melo Belila ◽  
Mayumi Domingues Kato ◽  
Cléa Adas Saliba Garbin
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
White Male ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Spontaneous Remission ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Mandibular Nerve ◽  
Transient Loss

Introduction: Paresthesia is usually characterized by a transient loss of sensitivity in the area covered by the affected nerve. Different causes may lead to this occurrence; among them, the injury of nerve structures during the extraction of third molars. The sensitivity recovery depends on the regeneration of the nerve fibers, and in most cases it occurs spontaneously. In some situations, there is a need for a more invasive and expensive treatments to the patient. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the spontaneous remission of the inferior alveolar nerve paresthesia. Case report: We studied a 34 year-old patient, white, male, which presented paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve after extraction of the lower right third molar. We chose to wait for the spontaneous return of the sensitivity, which occurred between the first and second postoperative month. Conclusion: The complete recovery of the sensitivity does not occur in all cases, even with the recommended treatments. So the best way to deal with paresthesia is prevention, where the dentist must perform the correct diagnosis with the aid of the necessary additional tests; besides having skill and dexterity in handling the instruments, so that the surgery would be performed safely and without any complications for the patient.Descriptors: Paresthesia; Remission, Spontaneous; Mandibular Nerve.

scholarly journals Recruitment of immunocompetent cells after dentinal injuries in innervated and denervated young rat molars: an immunohistochemical study.

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 871-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Fristad ◽  
K J Heyeraas ◽  
I H Kvinnsland ◽  
R Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Immunocompetent Cells ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Protein Gene Product ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Rat Molars ◽  
Rat Molar

The dental pulp represents a peripheral end-organ deprived of a collateral nerve supply. After inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) axotomy, rat molar pulp is denervated over a period of at least 6 days. Therefore, rat molar pulp was used as an experimental model to study the effect of sensory nerve fibers on influx of immunocompetent cells after dentinal injury. In the present study we performed a quantitative analysis of CD43+, CD4+, CD11b+, and I-A antigen-expressing cells subjacent to dentinal cavities in denervated and innervated first mandibular molars. For visualization of nerve fibers, antibodies to protein gene product (PGP) 9.5, the sensory neuropeptides substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and the sympathetic neuropeptide Y (NPY) were used. Immunohistochemistry was performed by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. In the innervated teeth, a correlation between increased sensory nerve density and influx of immunocompetent cells was found. Compared to the contralateral innervated molars, a significant reduction in recruitment of immunocompetent cells was found in the denervated pulp tissue subjacent to the dentinal cavities. The rat molar represents a unique model to illustrate the influence of sensory nerves and neuropeptides on inflammation and recruitment of immunocompetent cells.

scholarly journals THE BEHAVIOR OF RESIDUAL AXONS IN PARTIALLY DENERVATED MUSCLES OF THE MONKEY

1951 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mac V. Edds ◽  
Wilfred T. Small
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Tibial Nerve ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Lumbosacral Plexus ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Denervated Muscles

Leg muscles of the monkey have been studied following partial denervation produced by surgical elimination of from 25 to 90 per cent of the axons entering the sciatic nerve from the lumbosacral plexus. The investigation included observations on function, rate and degree of muscle atrophy, and neurohistological appearance of the affected muscles. In most of the cases, from 83 to 90 per cent of the residual nerve fibers in the peroneal and tibial nerves were destroyed and a severe paresis of the leg muscles was produced. No functional improvement was noted up to 160 days after operation, and the affected muscles became markedly atrophic. Histological examination of these muscles failed to reveal more than sporadic collateral regeneration of the residual axons. In two cases 50 and 75 per cent of the peroneal and tibial nerve fibers remained intact 63 and 200 days, respectively, after operation. The legs operated upon in these cases functioned almost normally and all muscles weighed within 11 per cent of those of the contralateral, normal leg. Histological study and counts of end-plate: nerve fiber ratios showed that many residual axons had regenerated collateral branches which entered denervated end-plates. Collateral regeneration was incomplete, however, and many end-plates remained without innervation. These results indicate that residual axons in paretic muscles of a primate do not regenerate collaterally as readily as do those of other previously studied mammals.

scholarly journals Estrogen Replacement Regulates Vaginal Innervations in Ovariectomized Adult Virgin Rats: A Histological Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ting Li ◽  
Yuanyuan Ma ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Ping Yan ◽  
Lili Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Vaginal Wall ◽  
Anterior Vaginal Wall ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Proximal Half ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Neural Interactions ◽  
Grafenberg Spot

Background. Our previous Gräfenberg spot findings confirmed that the distal-third areas of the anterior vaginal wall bore a significantly greater number of nerves and sexual hormone may have certain degree of influence on these significant differences. However, the role of estrogen in vaginal innervations remains controversial.Methods. To investigate whether hormonal-neural interactions occur in the vagina, sixty rats were randomly divided into six groups: Sham-operated, ovariectomy, and 4 treatment groups. After 2 weeks of treatment, vaginal biopsies were prepared with hematoxylin and eosin and PGP9.5 using immunohistochemistry.Results. The density of small nerve fibers was significantly higher in the distal-half areas of intact vaginal walls than the proximal-half areas (P=0.001). In contrast, the overall PGP 9.5-ir fiber innervation density was significantly decreased in the OVX rats subjected to surgical menopause. Sustained estrogen administration for 2 weeks resulted in nerve fiber proliferation, with values reaching normal levels in the low-dose estradiol valerate group.Conclusion. Our findings indicate that systemic hormonal therapy with low-dose estradiol valerate is effective and safe for treating deficient vaginal innervation caused by low level of estrogen activity in menopausal women and may aid studies to identify an optimal estradiol dose to provide relief from vaginal discomfort.

scholarly journals Infection Related Inferior Alveolar Nerve Paresthesia in the Lower Premolar Teeth

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Rachele Censi ◽  
Virna Vavassori ◽  
Andrea Enrico Borgonovo ◽  
Dino Re
Keyword(s):  
Rare Complication ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Mechanical Pressure ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
First Case ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Chemical Irritation ◽  
Lower Premolar ◽  
Microbial Toxins

Introduction. The aim of this paper was to describe two cases of IAN infection-induced paresthesia and to discuss the most appropriate treatment solutions.Methods. For two patients, periapical lesions that induced IAN paresthesia were revealed. In the first case, the tooth was previously endodontically treated, whereas in the second case the lesion was due to pulp necrosis.Results. For the first patient, a progressive healing was observed only after the tooth extraction. In the second patient, the paresthesia had resolved after endodontic treatment.Conclusions. The endodontic-related paresthesia is a rare complication that can be the result of a combination of etiopathogenic mechanisms such as mechanical pressure on the nerve fibers due to the expanding infectious process and the production of microbial toxins. Paresthesia resulting from periapical lesions usually subsides through elimination of infection by root canal treatment. However, if there are no signs of enhancement, the immediate extraction of the tooth is the treatment of choice in order to prevent irreversible paresthesia because it was demonstrated that there is a correlation between the duration of mechanical or chemical irritation and the risk of permanent paresthesia.

Axon Reflex Vasodilatation in Cat Dental Pulp Elicited by Noxious Stimulation of the Gingiva

1994 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1797-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sasano ◽  
S. Kuriwada ◽  
N. Shoji ◽  
D. Sanjo ◽  
H. Izumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Tooth Pulp ◽  
Noxious Stimulation ◽  
Antidromic Activation ◽  
Axon Reflex ◽  
Stimulation Of

Antidromic stimulation of sensory nerves has been shown to increase blood flow in the tissue they innervate. This study was designed to determine if antidromic vasomotor responses occur in feline dental pulp and if they are mediated by branched axons supplying both tooth pulp and gingiva. Dynamic changes in pulpal blood flow (PBF) elicited by electrical stimulation, pinching, heating, and capsaicin application to the gingivae were investigated in cat mandibular canine teeth by means of Laser Doppler Velocimetry. All inferior alveolar nerve bundles and the cervical sympathetic trunk had been previously sectioned to avoid the occurrence of brainstem reflexes, e.g., somato-autonomic vasomotor reflexes. Increases in PBF were observed in seven out of 12 cats when a restricted gingival area adjacent to the canine teeth was stimulated as described, but the increases were abolished after the sensitive gingival area was painted with lidocaine jelly, a surface anesthetic. These vasodilator responses, remarkably reduced following repeated application of 30 mM of capsaicin, are considered to be induced via antidromic activation of capsaicin-sensitive nociceptive nerve fibers, presumably by axon reflex mechanisms, suggesting that nerve terminals supplying the gingiva originate from parent axons which have collaterals that innervate the canine tooth pulp.

scholarly journals ASSESMENT OF ANTI-NOCICEPTIVE ACTIONS OF ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESEMCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN EXPERIMENTAL PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIC PAIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-534
Author(s):  
A.-M. Yerofeyeva ◽  
◽  
I. Zhavaranak ◽  
O. Antipova ◽  
N. Schastnaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Nociceptive Sensitivity ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Nociceptive Responses ◽  
The Impact

Objective. To estimate an anti-nociceptive and regenerative potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in experimental post-traumatic neuropathy in rats. Methods. Neuropathic pain was induced by axotomy technique in rat left hind paw (Wistar rats (n=113)). The respective group of subjects received ADMSCs dose of 1×10<sup>6</sup> cells/kg and 2×10<sup>6</sup> cells/kg into the site of sciatic nerve injury at 2 regimens: single (7<sup>th</sup> day post-surgery) and twice (7<sup>th</sup> and 14<sup>th</sup> day post-surgery). Nociceptive responses, as well as histological changes of sciatic nerve and perineural tissue were assessed in dynamics. Results. Sciatic nerve axotomy led to a significant increase of mechanical nociceptive sensitivity of ipsilateral hind paw by 7<sup>th</sup> day, as well as to fibrotic changes of peri- and epineural areas of damaged nerve fibers and to denervation of surrounding muscle tissue and fascia. Local administration of ADMSCs effectively abolished mechanical hyperalgesia by 14<sup>th</sup> day after first injection at all regimens tested. Among tested regimens, the most pronounced anti-nociceptive and regenerative effects were induced by single injection of ADMSCs (1×10<sup>6</sup> cells/kg). As the dose and frequency of ADMSCs administration elevated, their reparative and anti-inflammatory properties reduced. Conclusion. Obtained results testify anti-nociceptive potential of ADMSCs and feasibility of its further investigation on the experimental models of neuropathy. What this paper adds For the first time the impact of different regimen of allogenic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) transplantation on nociceptive sensitivity and microstructure changes of sciatic nerve in rats with peripheral neuropathy has been studied. Allogenic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells at a dose of 1×10<sup>6</sup> cells/kg has been found out to exhibit the most powerful anti-nociceptive and regenerative effects with a single local injection confirmed by algometry and histological study.

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