Comparing Weak Admissibility Semantics to their Dung-style Counterparts -- Reduct, Modularization, and Strong Equivalence in Abstract Argumentation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ringo Baumann ◽  
Gerhard Brewka ◽  
Markus Ulbricht
Keyword(s):  
Complete Classification ◽  
Recursive Definition ◽  
Abstract Argumentation ◽  
Abstract Principle ◽  
Definition Of

Semantics based on weak admissibility were recently introduced to overcome a problem with self-defeating arguments that has not been solved for more than 25 years. The recursive definition of weak admissibility mainly relies on the notion of a reduct regarding a set E which only contains arguments which are neither in E, nor attacked by E. At first glance the reduct seems to be tailored for the weaker versions of Dung-style semantics only. In this paper we show that standard Dung semantics can be naturally reformulated using the reduct revealing that this concept is already implicit. We further identify a new abstract principle for semantics, so-called modularization describing how to obtain further extensions given an initial one. Its importance for the study of abstract argumentation semantics is shown by its ability to alternatively characterize classical and non-classical semantics. Moreover, we tackle the notion of strong equivalence via characterizing kernels and give a complete classification of the weak versions regarding well-known properties and postulates known from the literature.

scholarly journals Comparing Weak Admissibility Semantics to their Dung-style Counterparts (Extended Abstract)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ringo Baumann ◽  
Gerhard Brewka ◽  
Markus Ulbricht
Keyword(s):  
Recursive Definition ◽  
Abstract Argumentation ◽  
Abstract Principle ◽  
Definition Of

Semantics based on weak admissibility were recently introduced to overcome a problem with self-defeating arguments that has not been solved for more than 25 years. The recursive definition of weak admissibility mainly relies on the notion of a reduct regarding a set E which only contains arguments which are neither in E, nor attacked by E. At first glance the reduct seems to be tailored for the weaker versions of Dung-style semantics only. In this paper we show that standard Dung semantics can be naturally reformulated using the reduct revealing that this concept is already implicit. We further identify a new abstract principle for semantics, so-called modularization describing how to obtain further extensions given an initial one. Its importance for the study of abstract argumentation semantics is shown by its ability to alternatively characterize classical and non-classical semantics.

scholarly journals Beth Definability in Expressive Description Logics

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 347-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ten Cate ◽  
E. Franconi ◽  
I. Seylan
Keyword(s):  
Description Logic ◽  
Description Logics ◽  
Complete Classification ◽  
Property A ◽  
Explicit Definition ◽  
Finite Structures ◽  
Double Exponential ◽  
Beth Definability ◽  
Definition Of

The Beth definability property, a well-known property from classical logic, is investigated in the context of description logics: if a general L-TBox implicitly defines an L-concept in terms of a given signature, where L is a description logic, then does there always exist over this signature an explicit definition in L for the concept? This property has been studied before and used to optimize reasoning in description logics. In this paper a complete classification of Beth definability is provided for extensions of the basic description logic ALC with transitive roles, inverse roles, role hierarchies, and/or functionality restrictions, both on arbitrary and on finite structures. Moreover, we present a tableau-based algorithm which computes explicit definitions of at most double exponential size. This algorithm is optimal because it is also shown that the smallest explicit definition of an implicitly defined concept may be double exponentially long in the size of the input TBox. Finally, if explicit definitions are allowed to be expressed in first-order logic, then we show how to compute them in single exponential time.

scholarly journals High-Order Variational Time Integrators for Particle Dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Miglio ◽  
N. Parolini ◽  
M. Penati ◽  
R. Porcù
Keyword(s):  
Particle Dynamics ◽  
Complete Classification ◽  
High Order ◽  
Variational Integrators ◽  
Order Method ◽  
High Order Method ◽  
Time Integrators ◽  
Material Points ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract The general family of Galerkin variational integrators are analyzed and a complete classification of such methods is proposed. This classification is based upon the type of basis function chosen to approximate the trajectories of material points and the numerical quadrature formula used in time. This approach leads to the definition of arbitrarily high order method in time. The proposed methodology is applied to the simulation of brownout phenomena occurring in helicopter take-off and landing.

scholarly journals Jumping pairs of Steiner bundles

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Arrondo ◽  
Simone Marchesi
Keyword(s):  
Complete Classification ◽  
Maximal Dimension ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractIn this work we introduce the definition of Schwarzenberger bundle on a Grassmannian. Recalling the notion of Steiner bundle, we generalize the concept of jumping pair for a Steiner bundle on a Grassmannian. After studying the jumping locus variety and bounding its dimension, we give a complete classification of Steiner bundles with jumping locus of maximal dimension, which all are Schwarzenberger bundles.

Development and Evaluation of Fuzzy Criteria for the Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-P. Adlassnig ◽  
G. Kolarz ◽  
H. Leitich
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
American Rheumatism Association ◽  
Uniform Definition ◽  
Sensitivity Rate ◽  
Fuzzy Techniques ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Specificity Rate

Abstract:In 1987, the American Rheumatism Association issued a set of criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to provide a uniform definition of RA patients. Fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic were used to transform this set of criteria into a diagnostic tool that offers diagnoses at different levels of confidence: a definite level, which was consistent with the original criteria definition, as well as several possible and superdefinite levels. Two fuzzy models and a reference model which provided results at a definite level only were applied to 292 clinical cases from a hospital for rheumatic diseases. At the definite level, all models yielded a sensitivity rate of 72.6% and a specificity rate of 87.0%. Sensitivity and specificity rates at the possible levels ranged from 73.3% to 85.6% and from 83.6% to 87.0%. At the superdefinite levels, sensitivity rates ranged from 39.0% to 63.7% and specificity rates from 90.4% to 95.2%. Fuzzy techniques were helpful to add flexibility to preexisting diagnostic criteria in order to obtain diagnoses at the desired level of confidence.

ABOUT THE PROBLEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE CONCEPTS OF INFORMATICS STUDIED AT SECONDARY SCHOOL

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
S. I. Zenko
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Definition Of

The article raises the problem of classification of the concepts of computer science and informatics studied at secondary school. The efficiency of creation of techniques of training of pupils in these concepts depends on its solution. The author proposes to consider classifications of the concepts of school informatics from four positions: on the cross-subject basis, the content lines of the educational subject "Informatics", the logical and structural interrelations and interactions of the studied concepts, the etymology of foreign-language and translated words in the definition of the concepts of informatics. As a result of the first classification general and special concepts are allocated; the second classification — inter-content and intra-content concepts; the third classification — stable (steady), expanding, key and auxiliary concepts; the fourth classification — concepts-nouns, conceptsverbs, concepts-adjectives and concepts — combinations of parts of speech.

Determining the discount rate when evaluating trade organizations: Some features

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
E.A. Grigor'eva ◽  
A.S. Buzhikeeva
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Subject. This article deals with the issues of determining the market value of the trading business, taking into account a number of characteristics. Objectives. The article aims to develop certain provisions of the methodology and practice of evaluating the business of trading organizations, namely, taking into account the additional risk of inventory feasibility when calculating the discount rate. Methods. For the study, we used a systems approach, and the cognition, and economic and analytical research methods. Results. The article presents a three-tiered classification of stocks and a definition of risk based on the criteria for dividing stocks by purpose, degree of implementation, and shelf life in accordance with the scale. Based on the classification, the article offers certain recommendations for determining the discount rate when evaluating trading organizations, aimed at taking into account additional risk. Conclusions. Various evaluation procedures within the framework of traditional approaches and methods in relation to trading organizations do not take into account risk specific to this type of economic activity. The proposed methodology for calculating the discount rate for trade organizations takes into account the features of their functioning.

State Failure and the Political Violence Phenomenon: A Comparative Analysis of Iraq and Syria Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Eylem Özkaya Lassalle
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
State Failure ◽  
The Political ◽  
Collective Violence ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cold War

The concept of failed state came to the fore with the end of the Cold War, the collapse of the USSR and the disintegration of Yugoslavia. Political violence is central in these discussions on the definition of the concept or the determination of its dimensions (indicators). Specifically, the level of political violence, the type of political violence and intensity of political violence has been broached in the literature. An effective classification of political violence can lead us to a better understanding of state failure phenomenon. By using Tilly’s classification of collective violence which is based on extent of coordination among violent actors and salience of short-run damage, the role played by political violence in state failure can be understood clearly. In order to do this, two recent cases, Iraq and Syria will be examined.

ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PHEROMONES

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Nondira Khondhodjayeva ◽  
◽  
Nurmamat Rajabov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Significance ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Definition Of

This article reveals the essence of the concept of "pheromones" and their biological significance. In the article variants of their application in agriculture for struggle against insects-pests are presented. The definition of term and classification of pheromones and their types are given: feromons of insects, feromons of fish, feromons of vertebrates, feromons of humans, fermons of plants, sexual feromons, anxiety feromons, trace feromons, epidemic feromons and their functions and significance for the representative's organism and the environment as a whole

(A review). BRAUN-BLANQUETIA. Recueil de travaux de geobotanique / review of geobotanical monographs. Vol. 46. Centenaire de la phytosociologie. CAMERINO, 2010. 423 p.

2011 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
L. G. Naumova ◽  
V. B. Martynenko ◽  
S. M. Yamalov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Association ◽  
Northern Asia ◽  
The Third ◽  
International Botanical ◽  
International Botanical Congress ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

Date of «birth» of phytosociology (phytocenology) is considered to be 1910, when at the third International Botanical Congress in Brussels adopted the definition of plant association in the wording Including Flaó and K. Schröter (Flahault, Schröter, 1910; Alexandrov, 1969). The centenary of this momentous event in the history of phytocenology devoted to the 46th edition of the Yearbook «Braun-Blanquetia», which began to emerge in 1984 in Camerino (Italy) and it has a task to publish large geobotanical works. During the years of the publication of the Yearbook on its pages were published twice work of the Russian scientists — «The steppes of Mongolia» (Z. V. Karamysheva, V. N. Khramtsov. Vol. 17. 1995), and «Classification of continental hemiboreal forests of Northern Asia» (N. B. Ermakov in collaboration with English colleagues and J. Dring, J. Rodwell. Vol. 28. 2000).

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