scholarly journals Generational differences in policy preferences for water sharing: implications for the future

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bjornlund ◽  
W. Xu ◽  
X. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Policy Preferences ◽  
Water Sharing ◽  
The Future

Changing Dynamics of Democratic Parliamentary Arena in Slovenia: Voters, Parties, Elections

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-104
Author(s):  
Simona Kustec Lipicer ◽  
Andrija Henjak
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Party System ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Policy Preferences ◽  
The Future ◽  
Analytical Assessment ◽  
Insight Into

The main goal of this paper is to provide a descriptive analytical overview of the existing evolution of the Slovenian parliamentary arena since its transition to democracy and independence. The paper is divided into two main parts: (1) an overview of a normative insight into the parliamentary and party system, and (2) an analytical assessment of the structure of the parliamentary arena as it is reflected in electoral and parties’ choices and policy preferences. A look at the contemporary democratic parliamentary arena in Slovenia shows that it, in itself, has been quite stable, while, on the contrary, its main integral parts – political parties – have gradually become less stable and less predictable, especially in the second decade of democracy, which can potentially influence the future stability of parliamentary arena, too.

Mehrheitswahl mit Verhältnisausgleich statt personalisierter Verhältniswahl. Ein alternativer Reformvorschlag zur Verkleinerung des Bundestags

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-843
Author(s):  
Franz Urban Pappi
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Policy Preferences ◽  
Proportional Systems ◽  
Scottish Parliament ◽  
The Future ◽  
Leadership Competence ◽  
Election Results ◽  
Local Representative ◽  
Electoral Law

The Federal German Electoral Law allots 299 constituency and 299 party list parliamentary seats or more . The personalized proportional representation (PR) system prescribes party list votes as the dominant principle of seat distribution . In this article a plurality system with additional PR seats is advocated . It would, for instance, fix the number of PR seats to 299 . Here three rules that are actually used in mixed‑member proportional systems are discussed: (1) Total negative vote transfer from candidate to party votes (scorporo totale in Italy), (2) partial negative vote transfer of only candidate votes that assured constituency victory (votes of first loser plus one), (3) applying d’Hondt to party votes for gaining PR seats by adding the number of gained constituency seats to the denominator of the sequential divisions (Scottish Parliament) . Contrafactual seat distributions based on the 2017 election results are computed . The thesis is that voters are guided primarily by their policy preferences when choosing parties and by leadership competence when choosing their local representative and indirectly the future chancellor .

Issues in firearms control: a critique of the 1985 New South Wales legislation

1985 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-271
Author(s):  
J David Fine
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Policy Preferences ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Primary Producers ◽  
Control Laws ◽  
Secondary Literature ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Future

New South Wales recently has adopted significant amendments to its firearms control laws. In so doing it has evinced certain fundamental policy choices. These relate to matters including gun registration and the licensing of gun owners; controls on ammunition; the appropriate locus of discretion in firearms control matters; the appropriate controls for especially dangerous types of firearms; the situation of primary producers; reciprocity in firearms licensing within Australia; and the collection of historically significant firearms. This article identifies the policy preferences implicit in the 1985 New South Wales law. It then proceeds to critique these policy decisions with reference to patterns of law (present and emerging) in the country's other jurisdictions, and the relevant secondary literature in the field. While concluding that the newly amended New South Wales legislation remains “functional and purposive”, on the whole, the article ends with a problematic for the future. VII. And be it further enacted, That every person who shall be found with any fire-arms, or other instruments of a violent nature, in his possession, and shall not prove to the satisfaction of the Justices of the Peace as aforesaid, that the same was or were not intended to be illegally used, as hereinbefore is provided, shall be deemed to be guilty of a high misdemeanour, …A

scholarly journals KAMPUNG NELAYAN BERKELANJUTAN DI KAMAL MUARA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1009
Author(s):  
Henry Yonanda ◽  
Rudy Trisno
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Contextual Design ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The City

Millennials have been touted as the generation that will do something about global warming. Conversely, some social scientists studying generational differences have found evidence that younger generations are less likely to engage in civic matters like environmental activism. Lack of civic engagement among Millennials may reduce their likelihood of engaging in collective action on global warming. On the other hand, the world is drastically changing. Within the recent years, climate change has become a growing concern worldwide. The various modes of destruction imposed on the environment are targeted to be the catalyst to these changes. According to climate scientists, sea level rise is one of the most important impacts of global climate change. Fishermen as one of the professions that depend their life on the sea, is affected so much by this condition. This condition might destroy their houses on the coastal area. Urban Kampong in Jakarta as the most dense human settlements in urban area has become one of the main economic generator for a city. With all the contradict characteristics and forms, urban kampongs are the part of the city that cannot be separated from one to another. The existence of kampong has become the main embryo of the development of Jakarta. Jakarta is one of the biggest coastal city in the world. The coastline of this city has become the main economic generator for the coty and the nations. The existence of fishermen’s kampong in Jakarta has also become an essential program for the city, in order to fullfill the needs of fresh catch of sea products. Therefore, The project is aimed to create a sustainable and adaptive coastal kampong community, that has the resilience to the rising sea level. By concerning on the kampong’s behaviour, and doing research of the typological transformation of the kampong, the design is also expected to serve as an archetype fot the future development of endagered coastal settlements all across the country. several sustainable approach and behaviourial approach are also injected in this project to create a contextual design that would help the kampong to grow, and adapt to all the conditions, and situation in the future. AbstrakGenerasi milenial dianggap sebagai generasi yang akan melakukan perubahan nyata terkait dengan pemanasan global. Akan tetapi, beberapa studi pun menunjukan bukti bahwa generasi millenial justru memiliki kesadaran serta kepekaan yang tidak lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan generas-generasi sebelumnya. Pada satu sisi, bumi kian melakukan perubahan yang begitu derastis. Berbagai macam kerusakan pun terjadi dalam berbagai jenis yang menjadi generator dari perubahan iklim yang drastis ini. Nelayan sebagai salah satu profesi yang menggantungkan nasibnya pada lautan, kian terganggu dengan kondisi ini. Hal ini menyebabkan kerusakan pada rumah-rumah di kawasan pesisir pantai. Kampung kota di Jakarta, sebagai permukiman terpadat di daerah urban menjadi salah satu kenerator utama pada suatu kota. Dengan segala karakteristiknya yang berbanding terbalik dengan perkotaan, kampung kota merupakan bagian yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari suatu kota. Eksistensi suatu kampung telah menjadi embrio dari perkembangan kota Jakarta. Jakarta merupakan salah satu kota pesisir terbesar di dunia. Daerah pesisir dari kota ini telah menjadi generator ekonomi utama dari kota itu sendiri dan juga nasional. Keberadaan kampung nelayan di Jakarta pun menjadi salah satu program penting yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian. Maka dari itu, proyek ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan suatu komunitas kampung pesisir yang berkelanjutan, adaptif serta memiliki ketahanan terhadap kenaikan permukaan air laut yang terjadi. Metode perancangan pada proyek ini dibagi menjadi 2 bagian utama yaitu analisis mikro yang membahas mengenai tipe dan perilaku, serta analisis makro yang membahas proyek dari segi perancangan urban. Dengan menitik beratkan pada studi perilaku, dan melakukan riset mendalam terhadap transformasi tipologi yang terjadi pada kampung, desain ini diharapkan dapat menjadi suatu arketipe untuk pengembangan kampung di daerah pesisir di masa depan di seluruh Indonesia. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan, bahwa dengan adaptasi tipe, perilaku serta sistem berkelanjutan yang sesuai dan tepat, desain dari kampung nelayan berkelanjutan ini dapat menjadi suatu respon yang tepat dalam menjawab permasalahan yang terjadi di kampung-kampung pesisir.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIVIDUALISTIC VALUES AND OPTIMISM: A STUDY OF THE MILLENNIAL GENERATION IN BULGARIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-473
Author(s):  
Maria Karaivanova
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Millennial Generation ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. A quantitative study on generational differences showed a decrease in optimism among the young generation (Karaivanova, 2016). The present work aims to study in detail the relationship between individualistic values, self-esteem, and optimism among the Millennial generation. Optimism is a general expectation for positive results and positive events in life (Radoslavova & Velichkov, 2005). Method. A sample of 204 respondents from 20 to 35 years old voluntarily filled in a survey containing scales measuring individualistic values, self-esteem, and optimism. The relationship between these variables was tested using regression and mediation analyses. The results were processed using the statistical software SPSS, version 22.0.0.0, and the lavaan application in R Studio. Results. The theoretical model created and tested in this study proved to have good explanatory power for the dependent variable optimism explaining one-third of its variance and gives significant clarity on the relationship between individualistic values, self-esteem, and optimism for the young generation in Bulgaria. Conclusion. Individualistic values turned out to predict self-esteem. The more individualistic a person is, the higher they perceive their competences and social image. At the same time, being individualistic, i.e. being open for change and following one’s own interests does not make young people look more optimistically towards the future and believe in the solution of every problem they encounter. Individualistic values have a positive mediated effect on optimism with self-esteem as a mediator. Having strong self-confidence makes young people have positive expectations for the future.

Millennials as the Future of Corrections: A Generational Analysis of Public Policy Opinions

2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872110226
Author(s):  
Heejin Lee ◽  
Francis T. Cullen ◽  
Alexander L. Burton ◽  
Velmer S. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
National Level ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Progressive Reform ◽  
Correctional Policy ◽  
The Future

This study presents a comprehensive assessment of what Millennials think about U.S. correctional policy. Using a 2017 national-level sample ( N = 1,000), Millennials’ correctional policy opinions across 13 outcomes are assessed and compared to the views of other generations. The main findings are twofold. First, Millennials are only modestly punitive but clearly supportive of progressive policies. Thus, Millennials favor a rehabilitative correctional orientation, believe in offender redeemability, and prefer policies to protect ex-felons’ civil rights and to expunge criminal records for minor offenses. Second, generational differences in public support for correctional policies are mostly limited. Americans of all generations tend to endorse inclusionary policies—a finding indicating that the future of American corrections might see a lengthy era of progressive reform.

scholarly journals Baby Boomers and the Lost Generation: On the Discursive Construction of Generations at Work

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1605-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Pritchard ◽  
Rebecca Whiting
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Baby Boomers ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Online News ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Lost Generation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Future

Generations, and generational categories, offer a means of organizing our understandings of age and age-related issues. Particularly within practitioner-orientated debates, differences between generations are highlighted as creating tensions which organizations must address. In contrast, we offer a critical interrogation of generations and unpack the implications of particular constructions. Specifically we examine the discursive construction of generational issues in United Kingdom online news about age at work, focusing on baby boomers and the lost generation. We highlight the discursive work involved in constructing each generation as entitled to work and how responsibility for employment issues is variously positioned. These interrelated concerns develop into a debate about consequences, as different versions of the future are constructed. In contrast to essentialized understandings, our study shows how generations and generational categories are constructed and organize understandings of age at work. We further highlight how the constructions of generational differences and tensions become enrolled to legitimate age-related differences with regard to work. Such insights are essential to further our understandings of age-related issues in contemporary organizing.

scholarly journals Constitutional monarchy as power sharing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Tridimas
Keyword(s):  
General Model ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Policy Preferences ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Right ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Constitutional Monarchy

AbstractIn the transition to democracy some autocracies transformed to republics while others evolved to constitutional monarchies. The paper inquires how constitutional monarchy is established. It models a hereditary king and a liberal challenger who coexist over a succession of periods and fight for power which brings office rents and the right to decide one’s preferred policy. The outcome of the confrontation is uncertain and may vary from period to period. If the king wins, he establishes absolute monarchy, but if the liberal wins he establishes a republic. Instead of fighting they may agree on a constitutional monarchy and share office rents and policy making responsibilities. Whether constitutional monarchy is agreed depends on the marginal utilities from rents and policy preferences of the two actors, the sizes of the benefits from rents and policy, the rates by which they discount the future, and the probabilities of winning office. The contemporary European constitutional monarch as a ceremonial head of state who reigns but does not govern arises as a special case of the general model.

scholarly journals Understanding Russian aggression towards Georgia

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Michael J. Langlois
Keyword(s):  
Expected Utility ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Policy Preferences ◽  
Utility Model ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Power Measurements ◽  
Expected Utility Model

Did Russia initiate conflict with Georgia in an attempt to restrain Georgia from formally joining the Western coalition, or was the decision more complex? What did Russia hope to gain from initiating conflict? What value did Russia assign to maintaining an interest in regional oil trade routes, in which Georgia straddles an important route to the Caspian Sea region? How was the potential incorporation of Georgia into NATO factored into Russia’s decision? To answer these questions, I used the expected-utility model developed by Bruce Bueno de Mesquita. In this analysis, policy preferences and power measurements were considered to determine that Russia’s decision was rationally selected based on a positive expectedutility calculation. I attempted to explain whether this model’s explanatory and predictive capabilities could accurately elucidate Russia’s conflict decision. Furthermore, within the context of the expected-utility model, what can we expect about Russian-Georgian relations in the future?

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