scholarly journals The influence of higher speed limits on motorways on road safety and truck accidents

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. De Winne ◽  
E. De Winne
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Truck Accidents

scholarly journals Speed management as a measure to improve road safety on Polish regional roads

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Gaca ◽  
Sylwia Pogodzińska
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Speed Management ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Road Segments ◽  
Local Speed

The article presents the issue of the implementation of speed management measures on regional roads, whose character requires the use of different solutions than those on national roads. The authors briefly described speed management measures, the conditions for their implementation and their effectiveness with reference to environmental conditions and road safety. The further part of the paper presents selected results of the authors' research into the speed on various road segments equipped with different speed management measures. The estimations were made as to the impact of local speed limits and traffic calming measures on drivers' behaviour in free flow conditions. This research found that the introduction of the local speed limits cause reduction in average speed and 85th percentile speed up to 11.9 km/h (14.4%) and 16.3 km/h (16.8%) respectively. These values are averaged in the tested samples. Speed reduction depends strongly on the value of the limit and local circumstances. Despite speed reduction, the share of drivers who do not comply with speed limits was still high and ranged from 43% in the case of a 70 km/h limit, up to 89% for a 40 km/h limit. As far as comprehensive traffic calming measures are concerned, results show decrease in average speed and 85th percentile speed up to 18.1 km/h and 20.8 km/h respectively. For some road segments, however, the values of average speed and 85th percentile speed increased. It confirms that the effectiveness of speed management measures is strongly determined by local circumstances.

Environmentally-friendly electric vehicles: a silent menace to vulnerable road users?

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Meisam Siamidoudaran ◽  
Mehdi Siamidodaran ◽  
Hilmiye Konuralp
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vulnerable Road Users ◽  
Injury Severities

Prediction models have been extensively used in the field of road safety, however, none of these models have been particularly applied to zero-emission electric vehicle (EV) related injuries so far; which may lead to different outcomes due to their inaudible engines. Using an optimizable classification tree, this first-ever study aims to predict the likelihood of personal injury severities stemming from EV-related crashes on Britain's roads. The prediction model was found to be capable of detecting significant and insignificant factors. The factors provide important insights into how the severity of injuries can be reduced in the future deployment of EVs. Although there was an increased risk for injuries classified as ‘slight severity’, particularly at lower urban speed limits, several predictors are suggesting that EVs do not pose more of a risk to a certain group. Contrary to popular belief, no convincing evidence has been found to suggest that eco-friendly EVs are ‘silent killers’ for vulnerable road users.

scholarly journals Road Safety Impact of Increased Rural Highway Speed Limits in British Columbia, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Brubacher ◽  
Herbert Chan ◽  
Shannon Erdelyi ◽  
Gordon Lovegrove ◽  
Farhad Faghihi
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Insurance Claims ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Fatal Crashes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Road Segments

Control of vehicle speed is a central tenet of the safe systems approach to road safety. Most research shows that raising speed limits results in more injuries. Advocates of higher speed limits argue that this conclusion is based on older research, that traffic fatalities are decreasing despite higher speed limits, and that modern vehicles are able to safely travel at higher speeds. These arguments were used to justify raising speed limits on rural highways in British Columbia, Canada (July 2014). We used an interrupted time series approach to evaluate the impact of these speed limit increases on fatal crashes, auto-insurance claims, and ambulance dispatches for road trauma. Events were mapped to affected road segments (with increased speed limits) and to nearby road segments (within 5 km of an affected segment). Separate linear regression models were fitted for each outcome and road segment group. Models included gasoline sales to account for changes in vehicle travel. Our main findings were significant increases in (i) total insurance claims (43.0%; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 16.0–76.4%), (ii) injury claims (30.0%; 95% CI = 9.5–54.2%), and (iii) fatal crashes (118.0; 95% CI = 10.9–225.1%) on affected road segments. Nearby segments had a 25.7% increase in insurance claims (95% CI = 16.1–36.1%).

scholarly journals The Driver Behaviour and Impact of Speed on Road Safety on the Motorways in Croatia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Goran Zovak ◽  
Goran Kos ◽  
Boris Huzjan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Straight Section ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Geometric Elements ◽  
High Serviceability

The paper presents the current research related to the speed of traffic flow on the roads of high serviceability. It analyses the speed of vehicle as one of the main causes of traffic accidents. A flat four-lane motorway section, motorway section in the tunnel and a city bypass section were chosen for this research, and several speed limit scenarios for the vehicles have been applied with the aid of variable signalling. The survey results show that few vehicles respect the speed limits in traffic in the case of a straight section of motorway or city stretch of the motorway which has good geometric elements; however, speed limits are exceptionally well respected in tunnels. Although a large number of drivers do not respect the signs, a certain group of drivers can be influenced by variable signs of limitations, and thus positive changes can be achieved in traffic flow which will result in increasing the traffic safety on the motorways. Thus, increasing the degree of respect for speed limits on the motorways directly affects the increase in the level of traffic safety. It is necessary to influence the group of drivers who do not respect the speed limits with other measures, including repressive ones.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Speed Management Impact on Road Traffic Safety on the Sections of Motorways and Expressways Using Simulation Methods

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5057
Author(s):  
Jacek Oskarbski ◽  
Tomasz Kamiński ◽  
Kyandoghere Kyamakya ◽  
Jean Chamberlain Chedjou ◽  
Karol Żarski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Traffic Models ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Variable Speed Limits ◽  
Surrogate Safety Measures

Methods used to evaluate the impact of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) services on road safety are usually based on expert assessments or statistical studies. However, commonly used methods are challenging to apply in the planning process of ITS services. This paper presents the methodology of research using surrogate safety measures calculated and calibrated with the use of simulation techniques and a driving simulator. This approach supports the choice of the type of ITS services that are beneficial for traffic efficiency and road safety. This paper presents results of research on the influence of selected scenarios of variable speed limits on the efficiency and safety of traffic on the sections of motorways and expressways in various traffic conditions. The driving simulator was used to estimate the efficiency of lane-keeping by the driver. The simulation traffic models were calibrated using driving simulator data and roadside sensor data. The traffic models made it possible to determine surrogate safety measures (number of conflicts and their severity) in selected scenarios of using ITS services. The presented studies confirmed the positive impact of Variable Speed Limits (VSLs) on the level of road safety and traffic efficiency. This paper also presents recommendations and plans for further research in this area.

scholarly journals A Brief Overview of Road Accidents and Recent Preventive Methodologies for Accident Hotspots in the United Arab Emirates

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijaz Ali
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Young Males

Abstract This paper highlights major causes of road accidents in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and explores the possibility of reducing them through modern in-vehicle control technologies. Mostly, road safety data from the Global Road Safety Facility (GSRF), Road Safety Polices and Regulations for UK and UAE have been reviewed for comparison and analysis. It contains a descriptive analysis of road accident data which was taken from Ministry of Interior (MOI) - UAE website. It shows how the Pareto Principle applies to most of the road accidents in the UAE with young males’ poor driving habits and higher maximum speed limits being the major causes and, a systematic approach as per the Nilsson Power Model, to tackle these issues. It ends with the conclusion that, although high speed limits on urban roads and highways are some of the critical factors in causing dangerous road accidents but, it can be tackled with by implementing strict road safety policies and enforcing them with modern in vehicle technologies.

“I KNOW WHAT I HAVE TO DO, BUT…” WHEN HYPOCRISY LEADS TO BEHAVIORAL CHANGE

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 741-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Fointiat
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Self Consistency

Hypocrisy procedure has been used to induce behavioral change in a wide variety of areas including water conservation, condom use, and donations for homeless people. Hypocrisy implies the articulation of two factors: advocating a prosocial position and being made mindful of failures to behave according to that advocacy. This dissonance leads to a behavioral change which is the most efficient way to restore the self, in line with the self-consistency conception of dissonance. The aim of this study was to refine this procedure in a new setting: road safety area and specifically respect for speed limits. Moreover, we used a feedback threatening versus strengthening people's self-concept. The results suggest that threatening the self-concept enhances the hypocritical effect.

scholarly journals The Unsolved Problem of Traffic Accidents Worldwide

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Agim NUHIU ◽  
Ajten RAMADANI
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Cultural Implications

The problem of traffic accidents is not generally discussed as an issue with any political, philosophical, psychological, or cultural implications. What might such implications be? In terms of policing, countries and nations worldwide generally have quite a narrow focus on prophylaxis (road safety education, awareness campaigns, warning signs about speed limits, dangerous corners, etc.) and punishment (fines, trials, sometimes prison sentences for those who cause accidents). This paper argues that a broader and deeper analysis of the issue is needed, in order to understand (principally) and possibly pre-empt or at least remediate (secondarily) the harm and damage of traffic accidents. Methodology: systemic analysis and culture-critical analysis combined with perspectives from public policy, philosophy, democratic and libertarian political theory, and psychology. Conclusions will promote improved clarity and refreshed thinking about this important but misunderstood issue on the part of researchers and practitioners alike. Keywords: Traffic, Accidents, Policing, Democracy, Liberty, Culture, Civilization

Adopting Recommendations of a Road Safety Management Capacity Review: addressing a tragic decade of road safety in Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Raphael Grzebieta ◽  
Radoslaw Czapski ◽  
Florentina Alina Burlacu ◽  
Chika Sakashita ◽  
R.F. Soames Job ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Road Fatality ◽  
Traffic Law Enforcement ◽  
Speed Enforcement

This article outlines a capacity review of Romania’s national road infrastructure and road safety in general. Romania’s road fatality rate per 100,000 population has improved overall from a 2008 high of around 15 to the current 2019 value of 9.6. However, the rate has flat-lined with no real improvement for the last decade, stalling at around 9.7 over the period 2011- 2019 and around double the EU rate. Moreover, Romania’s total annual number of road deaths has remained at an average of around 1900 fatalities per annum over this period. Romania has been the worst performing country in the European Union (EU) in recent years, and one of the worst performing countries compared to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) nations in terms of road safety. The review performed in 2016 found inadequate political leadership and commitment to effective actions to reduce road fatalities, fragmented government road safety activities across a number of regulatory entities, speed limits set at levels that exceed internationally accepted survivable limits, weak traffic law enforcement including a lack of speed enforcement cameras resulting in a failure of drivers to comply with speed limits, and a lack of structured programs to implement human error tolerant road infrastructure constructed according to Safe System principles. A series of recommendations from the capacity review were adopted (as described here) since 2016, although much remains to improve road safety in Romania.

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