The influence of basic volcanic fluids on the geochemical indicators and carbon isotopic of gaseous products

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyan Li ◽  
Xuanlong Shan ◽  
Zhe Sun
Keyword(s):  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Geochemical Indicators ◽  
Basic Volcanic ◽  
Volcanic Fluids

Study of the Kinetics of Thermal Destruction of Crossed Polyethylene

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
K. Chalov ◽  
Yu. Lugovoy ◽  
Yu. Kosivtsov ◽  
E. Sulman
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Process Temperature ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Kinetics Of

This paper presents a study of the process of thermal degradation of crosslinked polyethylene. The kinetics of polymer decomposition was studied by thermogravimetry. Crosslinked polyethylene showed high heat resistance to temperatures of 400 °C. The temperature range of 430–500 °C was determined for the loss of the bulk of the sample. According to thermogravimetric data, the decomposition process proceeds in a single stage and includes a large number of fracture, cyclization, dehydrogenation, and other reactions. The process of pyrolysis of a crosslinked polymer in a stationary-bed metal reactor was investigated. The influence of the process temperature on the yield of solid, liquid, and gaseous pyrolysis products was investigated. The optimum process temperature was 500 °C. At this temperature, the yield of liquid and gaseous products was 85.0 and 12.5% (mass.), Respectively. Samples of crosslinked polyester decomposed almost completely. The amount of carbon–containing residue was 3.5% by weight of the feedstock. With increasing temperature, the yield of liquid products decreased slightly and the yield of gaseous products increased, but their total yield did not increase. For gaseous products, a qualitative and quantitative composition was determined. The main components of the pyrolysis gas were hydrocarbons C1–C4. The calorific value of pyrolysis gas obtained at a temperature of 500 °C was 17 MJ/m3. Thus, the pyrolysis process can be used to process crosslinked polyethylene wastes to produce liquid hydrocarbons and combustible gases.

MANUFACTURING GASEOUS PRODUCTS BY PYROLYSIS MICROALGAE BIOMASS

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
N. I. Chernova ◽  
S. V. Kiseleva ◽  
O. M. Larina ◽  
G. A. Sytchev
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Algae Biomass ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Microalgae Biomass ◽  
Pyrolysis Liquid ◽  
Pyrolysis Gases

Algae biomass is considered as an alternative raw material for the production of biofuels. The search for new types of raw materials, including high-energy types of microalgae, remains relevant, since the share of motor fuels in the structure of the global fuel and energy balance remains consistently high (about 35%), and the price of oil is characterized by high volatility. The authors have considered the advantages of microalgae as sources of raw materials for fuel production. Biochemical and thermochemical conversion are proposed as technologies for their processing. This paper presents the results of the study of the pyrolysis of the biomass of clonal culture of blue-green microalgae / cyanobacteriumArthrospira platensis rsemsu 1/02-Pfrom the collection of the Research Laboratory of Renewable Energy Sources of the Lomonosov Moscow State University. An experiment to study the process of pyrolysis of microalgae biomass was carried out at the experimental facility of the Institute of High Temperatures RAS in pure nitrogen grade 6.0 to create an oxygen-free environment with a linear heating rate of 10 ºС / min from room temperature to 1000 ºС. The whole process of pyrolysis proceeded in the field of endothermy. The specific amounts of solid residue, pyrolysis liquid and gaseous products were experimentally determined. As a result of the pyrolysis of microalgae biomass weighing 15 g, the following products were obtained: 1) coal has the mass of the solid residue is 2.68 g, or 17.7% of the initial mass of the microalgae (while 9.3% of the initial mass of the microalgae remained in the reactor); 2) pyrolysis liquid – weight 3.3 g, or 21.9% of the initial weight; 3) non-condensable pyrolysis gases – weight 1.15 l. The specific volumetric gas yield (the amount of gas released from 1 kg of the starting material) was 0.076 Nm3/ kg. The analysis of the composition and specific volume yield of non-condensable pyrolysis gases formed in the process of pyrolysis, depending on temperature. It is shown that with increasing temperature, the proportion of highcalorie components of the gas mixture (hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide) increases. The calorific value of the mixture of these gases has been estimated.

Comparative TG/DTG/DTA+FTIR Studies Concerning the Stability of Some Mineral and Vegetable Electro-Insulating Fluids

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2366-2371
Author(s):  
Andrei Cucos ◽  
Petru Budrugeac ◽  
Iosif Lingvay ◽  
Adriana Mariana Bors ◽  
Andreea Voina
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Ftir Studies ◽  
Dta Analysis ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
The Stability

Thermal TG/DTG/DTA analysis coupled with FTIR spectroscopy was applied to some sorts of mineral and vegetable oils used in electrical equipment. On heating in inert atmosphere, it was observed that the mineral oils vaporize, while the vegetable oils undergo hydrolysis, yielding fatty acids as main volatiles, as indicated by FTIR. In synthetic air, the FTIR spectra of gaseous products confirm the presence of similar oxidation products, both for mineral and vegetable oils. The TG results indicated that the vegetable-based oils exhibit a substantially higher thermal stability than the mineral oils. The presence or absence of anti-oxidant inhibitors in these oils greatly influences the onset of the oxidation process in air environment factor, as results from the DTA results.

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