scholarly journals Hydrological modelling of the “Sierra de las Minas” in Guatemala, by using a conceptual distributed model and considering the lack of data

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Morales-de la Cruz ◽  
F. Francés
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Distributed Model

scholarly journals Hydrological Modelling of Sidi Jabeur Watershed (Morocco) Using Spatially Distributed Model ATHYS

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Mourad Khattati ◽  
Mostapha Serroukh ◽  
Ismail Rafik ◽  
Hakim Mesmoudi ◽  
Brirhet Hassane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Spatially Distributed

scholarly journals Effects of spatial variability of precipitation for process-orientated hydrological modelling: results from two nested catchments

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Tetzlaff ◽  
U. Uhlenbrook
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Process Oriented ◽  
Catchment Model

Abstract. The importance of considering the spatial distribution of rainfall for process-oriented hydrological modelling is well-known. However, the application of rainfall radar data to provide such detailed spatial resolution is still under debate. In this study the process-oriented TACD (Tracer Aided Catchment model, Distributed) model had been used to investigate the effects of different spatially distributed rainfall input on simulated discharge and runoff components on an event base. TACD is fully distributed (50x50 m2 raster cells) and was applied on an hourly base. As model input rainfall data from up to 11 ground stations and high resolution rainfall radar data from an operational C-band radar were used. For seven rainfall events the discharge simulations were investigated in further detail for the mountainous Brugga catchment (40 km2) and the St. Wilhelmer Talbach (15.2 km2) sub-basin, which are located in the Southern Black Forest Mountains, south-west Germany. The significance of spatial variable precipitation data was clearly demonstrated. Dependent on event characteristics, localized rain cells were occasionally poorly captured even by a dense ground station network, and this resulted in insufficient model results. For such events, radar data can provide better input data. However, an extensive data adjustment using ground station data is required. Therefore, a new method was developed that considers the rainfall intensity distribution. The use of the distributed catchment model allowed further insights into spatially variable impacts of different rainfall estimates. Impacts for discharge predictions are the largest in areas that are dominated by the production of fast runoff components. To conclude, the improvements for distributed runoff simulation using high resolution rainfall radar input data are strongly dependent on the investigated scale, the event characteristics, the existing monitoring network and, last but not least, the applied model.

scholarly journals Modelling the runoff response in the Mulde catchment (Germany)

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fleischbein ◽  
K.-E. Lindenschmidt ◽  
B. Merz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
First Results ◽  
Spatial Discretisation ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract. The paper presents two different levels of regionalization used to represent the spatial distribution of landscape parameters for the hydrological modelling of the Mulde. The aim of this investigation was to find out how the discretisation level affects quality of modelling with the hydrological modelling system J2000. Furthermore we improved our understanding of the applicability and reliability of the distributed model J2000 on the macro-scale. Spatial information was aggregated in two different discretisation levels: subbasins (SB) and hydrological response polygons (HRP). A J2000 simulation was carried out for both discretisation levels based on a 1 year calibration and a 3 year validation period. Simulations performed well for both levels of spatial discretisation. The results seemed to be better in the more complex discretisation approach, where the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient was higher. We can conclude that our first results show more accurate simulations produced by the HRP discretisation approach, the visual inspection shows a better application of the SB approach to the reproduction of the base flow.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different calibration strategies for large scale continuous hydrological modelling

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wallner ◽  
U. Haberlandt ◽  
J. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Factor C ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Optimisation Algorithms ◽  
Spatial Evaluation

Abstract. For the analysis of climate impact on flood flows and flood frequency in macroscale river basins, hydrological models can be forced by several sets of hourly long-term climate time series. Considering the large number of model units, the small time step and the required recalibrations for different model forcing an efficient calibration strategy and optimisation algorithm are essential. This study investigates the impact of different calibration strategies and different optimisation algorithms on the performance and robustness of a semi-distributed model. The different calibration strategies were (a) Lumped, (b) 1-Factor, (c) Distributed and (d) Regionalisation. The latter uses catchment characteristics and estimates parameter values via transfer functions. These methods were applied in combination with three different optimisation algorithms: PEST, DDS, and SCE. In addition to the standard temporal evaluation of the calibration strategies, a spatial evaluation was applied. This was done by transferring the parameters from calibrated catchments to uncalibrated ones and validating the model performance of these uncalibrated catchments. The study was carried out for five sub-catchments of the Aller-Leine River Basin in Northern Germany. The best result for temporal evaluation was achieved by using the combination of the DDS optimisation with the Distributed strategy. The Regionalisation method obtained the weakest performance for temporal evaluation. However, for spatial evaluation the Regionalisation indicated more robust models, closely followed by the Lumped method. The 1-Factor and the Distributed strategy showed clear disadvantages regarding spatial parameter transferability. For the parameter estimation based on catchment descriptors as required for ungauged basins, the Regionalisation strategy seems to be a promising tool particularly in climate impact analysis and for hydrological modelling in general.

Web-based hydrological modelling tool - Hidro-Odtu

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Çağrı Hasan Karaman ◽  
Zuhal Akyürek ◽  
Kenan Bolat
Keyword(s):  
Overland Flow ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
River Network ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Flow Routing ◽  
Web Based ◽  
General Physical

<p>Bucket-type conceptual hydrological models are widely popular, because of their relatively low data and computational demands. With the improved computational techniques and advances in computer sciences, web based hydrological modelling tools are becoming available too. Conceptual rainfall-runoff (CRR) models are designed to approximate the general physical mechanisms which govern the hydrologic cycle and found practical by many hydrologists and engineers. In this context, a web based, open-source, platform independent, easily accessible hydrological modelling tool <strong>Hidro-Odtu</strong> has been designed. Aiming at providing fast and accurate results, <strong>Hidro-Odtu</strong> utilize lumped and semi-distributed hydrological modelling capabilities. The design of the <strong>Hidro-Odtu</strong> contains pre-processing using the tools to automatically delineate the river network and basin boundaries, input the forcing data, lumped hydrological modelling with parameter calibration capability, hydrological overland flow routing and dynamic result visualization. Moreover, web-based technologies allow remotely prepare model input files, run model calculation and display model results for rainfall-runoff calculations. Bucket storage lumped, conceptual rainfall-runoff model is selected as core feature for hydrological model and it is enhanced to a semi-distributed model by including the Muskingum-Cunge flow routing method to simulate overland flow. Model results are evaluated by several performance indices such that Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency Index (NSE), Sum of Square of Error (SSE) or Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE).</p><p>Hydrological modelling, calibration and routing algorithms have been implemented by using Python programming language for the back-end calculations and Node.js framework, html, JavaScript have been utilized for front-end side to handle data preparation and results visualization.</p><p>Hidro-Odtu have been evaluated with numerous data sets with different study areas and found successful to delineate sub basins and river network, to define rainfall-runoff relationship on the basis of the sub-basins. With this tool, it is aimed to obtain practical hydrological modelling results using web technologies.</p>

Distributed Modeling Of Building Systems Through Cyber-Physical Integration

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Distributed Modeling ◽  
Distributed Models ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
Important Practical Application

This article describes the proposed approaches to creating distributed models that can, with given accuracy under given restrictions, replace classical physical models for construction objects. The ability to implement the proposed approaches is a consequence of the cyber-physical integration of building systems. The principles of forming the data structure of designed objects and distributed models, which make it possible to uniquely identify the elements and increase the level of detail of such a model, are presented. The data structure diagram of distributed modeling includes, among other things, the level of formation and transmission of signals about physical processes inside cyber-physical building systems. An enlarged algorithm for creating the structure of the distributed model which describes the process of developing a data structure, formalizing requirements for the parameters of a design object and its operating modes (including normal operating conditions and extreme conditions, including natural disasters) and selecting objects for a complete group that provides distributed modeling is presented. The article formulates the main approaches to the implementation of an important practical application of the cyber-physical integration of building systems - the possibility of forming distributed physical models of designed construction objects and the directions of further research are outlined.

scholarly journals Validation of a one-dimensional model of the systemic arterial tree

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (1) ◽  
pp. H208-H222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Reymond ◽  
Fabrice Merenda ◽  
Fabienne Perren ◽  
Daniel Rüfenacht ◽  
Nikos Stergiopulos
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Law ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Continuity Equations ◽  
Nonlinear Viscoelastic ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
The One ◽  
D Model ◽  
Systemic Arterial Tree

A distributed model of the human arterial tree including all main systemic arteries coupled to a heart model is developed. The one-dimensional (1-D) form of the momentum and continuity equations is solved numerically to obtain pressures and flows throughout the systemic arterial tree. Intimal shear is modeled using the Witzig-Womersley theory. A nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive law for the arterial wall is considered. The left ventricle is modeled using the varying elastance model. Distal vessels are terminated with three-element windkessels. Coronaries are modeled assuming a systolic flow impediment proportional to ventricular varying elastance. Arterial dimensions were taken from previous 1-D models and were extended to include a detailed description of cerebral vasculature. Elastic properties were taken from the literature. To validate model predictions, noninvasive measurements of pressure and flow were performed in young volunteers. Flow in large arteries was measured with MRI, cerebral flow with ultrasound Doppler, and pressure with tonometry. The resulting 1-D model is the most complete, because it encompasses all major segments of the arterial tree, accounts for ventricular-vascular interaction, and includes an improved description of shear stress and wall viscoelasticity. Model predictions at different arterial locations compared well with measured flow and pressure waves at the same anatomical points, reflecting the agreement in the general characteristics of the “generic 1-D model” and the “average subject” of our volunteer population. The study constitutes a first validation of the complete 1-D model using human pressure and flow data and supports the applicability of the 1-D model in the human circulation.

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