scholarly journals Maintenance strategies and local impact of MSW incinerators

Author(s):  
M. Ragazzi ◽  
V. Torretta ◽  
G. Ionescu ◽  
I. A. Istrate
Author(s):  
Laura Lorena Leguizamón

El programa de Expansión y Mejoramiento de la Educación Técnica Agropecuaria (E.M.E.T.A.) destinado a la escuela media rural empezó a pensarse para ser aplicado, en la región de América Latina, hacia fines de la década de 1970. En el transcurso de la década de 1980, se presentaron en Argentina, la mayor parte de los diagnósticos provinciales que describían la realidad de este tipo de enseñanza para las diferentes regiones del país. Con financiamiento del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (B.I.D.) así como del Ministerio de Educación Argentino se pone en marcha el programa para el total del país. La aplicación del programa difería de acuerdo a la necesidad de cada caso. Se presenta aquí la experiencia de una Escuela Agropecuaria situada en el Noroeste de Argentina, específicamente en la localidad de Chamical, provincia de La Rioja. El propósito, de este escrito, es analizar las formas de aplicación del programa EMETA y el impacto que tuvo el mismo en lo local. Como así también, es nuestra intención, poner a disposición estas experiencias, compartidas por distintas regiones de América Latina, para iniciar el diálogo posible entre las mismas. El método empleado para esta investigación fue mixto, entre revisión documental y entrevistas en profundidad. Como resultado pudimos recuperar la experiencia de aplicación del programa en esta zona de Argentina, también sienta un precedente esencial debido a que no se disponía de material édito específico. Palabras clave: Programa EMETA, Educación Rural en Argentina, Escuela Media, Enseñanza Técnica. Abstract The program called Expansion and Improvement of Agricultural Technical Education (EMETA by its acronym in Spanish), for rural middle schools was meant to be applied in Latin America in the late 1970s. During the 1980s in Argentina, most of the provincial diagnoses describing the reality of this kind of education for each region of the country were presented. .The program started nation-wide with funding from the Inter-American Development Bank (BID) and the Argentinean Ministry of Education. Application differed according to the needs of each case. The experience presented here is that of an Agricultural School located northwest of Argentina, in Chamical, province of La Rioja. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the various forms of application of the EMETA program and is local impact. Such experiences are made available, shared by different regions of Latin America, to start a possible dialogue among them. The method used for this research combined document review and interviews. As a result we were able to recover the application experience of the program in this area of Argentina, setting an important precedent because there was no specific printed material available. Keywords: EMETA Program, Argentinian Rural Education, High School, Technical Education. Recibido: septiembre de 2014Aprobado: noviembre de 2014


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 97-99
Author(s):  
I. Yu. PUSHKAREV ◽  

The article shows that when quantifying the effectiveness of production systems that are reported in accounting, it is necessary to take into account not only the direct and local impact on the environment, but also the indirect, global impact, taking into account various points of view on the benefits and consequences that are part of the desired result.


1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Iversen

The main environmental problems associated with fish farming in Denmark are attributable to the dam, the “dead reach” and nutrient and organic matter discharge. The environmental regulation of fish farming in Denmark started with the Environmental Protection Act of 1974, the Statutory Order of 1985 forbidding wet feed, and the Action Plan on the Aquatic Environment of 1987. In the case of freshwater fish farms, the latter was implemented through the measures stipulated in the 1989 Statutory Order on Fish Farms. The impact of Danish legislative measures to reduce and regulate the environmental effects of freshwater fish farms can be summarized as follows: - the number of fish farms has been reduced from about 800 in 1974 to about 500 at present; - production has tripled since 1974 and has been stable since 1989; - a change from wet to dry feed has reduced the environmental impact of the farms; - the national goals of the Action Plan on the Aquatic Environment of 1987 for reducing fish farm discharges of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus have been fulfilled. The main remaining problems are that: - the local impact of fish farms on downstream stream quality is still much too high in about 15% of cases; - the problem of the passage of migrating invertebrates and fish is still unsolved at some farms; - the problems posed by “dead reaches” are still unsolved. It is concluded that sustainable fish farming is possible in Denmark, but with the present technology production will have to be significantly reduced.


Author(s):  
Diane Orentlicher

The span of an international tribunal’s local impact is not the same as its operational life, as Germany’s evolved relationship with Nuremberg highlights. Recognizing that the ICTY’s impact in Bosnia and Serbia will continue to evolve after the Tribunal ends its work, this chapter considers the Tribunal’s future impact, focusing in particular on its potential to stimulate a future reckoning with Serbia’s wartime past. While recognizing myriad differences between post-Milošević Serbia and postwar Germany, this chapter explores factors behind the latter’s eventual emergence as a “model penitent” long after German society rejected the moral message the Allies hoped Nuremberg would impart. It suggests that, after an extended period of “transitional denial,” Nuremberg may have contributed to Germany’s far-reaching reckoning with the past through a process of delayed norm diffusion.


Author(s):  
Guang Zou ◽  
Kian Banisoleiman ◽  
Arturo González

A challenge in marine and offshore engineering is structural integrity management (SIM) of assets such as ships, offshore structures, mooring systems, etc. Due to harsh marine environments, fatigue cracking and corrosion present persistent threats to structural integrity. SIM for such assets is complicated because of a very large number of rewelded plates and joints, for which condition inspections and maintenance are difficult and expensive tasks. Marine SIM needs to take into account uncertainty in material properties, loading characteristics, fatigue models, detection capacities of inspection methods, etc. Optimising inspection and maintenance strategies under uncertainty is therefore vital for effective SIM and cost reductions. This paper proposes a value of information (VoI) computation and Bayesian decision optimisation (BDO) approach to optimal maintenance planning of typical fatigue-prone structural systems under uncertainty. It is shown that the approach can yield optimal maintenance strategies reliably in various maintenance decision making problems or contexts, which are characterized by different cost ratios. It is also shown that there are decision making contexts where inspection information doesn’t add value, and condition based maintenance (CBM) is not cost-effective. The CBM strategy is optimal only in the decision making contexts where VoI > 0. The proposed approach overcomes the limitation of CBM strategy and highlights the importance of VoI computation (to confirm VoI > 0) before adopting inspections and CBM.


2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodi Tims ◽  
Reyyan Ayfer

Abstract ACM-W is the community within the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) that is dedicated to issues of gender equality in Computer Science. ACM-W works globally to support, celebrate and advocate for the full participation of women in all aspects of the computing field. This article presents a brief history of ACM-W with an emphasis on the global growth of the organization. A summary of the primary programs of ACM-W is provided to further highlight the global impact of our work. Also included are examples of how ACM-W is partnering with other computing and scientific organizations to realize greater impact in the arena of gender equality.


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