scholarly journals Comparison of sodium and calcium based sorbents for the dry treatment of flue gas from waste-to-energy plants

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zach ◽  
M. Pohořelý ◽  
M. Šyc ◽  
K. Svoboda ◽  
M. Punčochář
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Energy Plants

Analysis of Foreign Experience in Using Flue Gas Purification Systems at Waste-to-Energy Plants

Vestnik MEI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Anton N. Efremov ◽  
◽  
Aleksey A. Dudolin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Gas Purification ◽  
Acid Gases ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Flue Gas Purification ◽  
Property Assessment ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Energy Plants

The existing method for selecting the structure of a power plant for thermally recycling municipal solid waste (MSW) in the Russian Federation does not address the matter of selecting all components of an energy complex operating on MSW, but places focus on determining the best accessible waste thermal neutralization technology. This generates the need to search for new methods and to select criteria of choosing the structure for each particular project. A comparative analysis of various structural schemes of waste-to-energy plants widely used outside of Russia will make it possible to reveal their main advantages and drawbacks, and to determine their application fields. The article describes the statistical indicators characterizing the operation of the flue gas purification system from acid gases, which can be applied in performing a feasibility study, intellectual property assessment, and in carrying out front-end engineering. For waste-to-energy plants constructed in an urban environment and aimed to operate with keeping to a minimum the gross emissions of acid gases into the atmospheric air, the use of a wet reactor system is recommended, which will ensure low emissions of HF, HCl, and SOx. The system with a wet reactor will make it possible to reduce gross emissions of harmful substances during the operation of large capacity waste-to-energy power plants and will be a justified choice in such case. In constructing medium capacity waste-to-energy plants (with a throughput of up to 350 000 t of MSW per annum), semi-dry and dry reactors can be used; for such plants, the technology involving the use of a semi-dry reactor is the most preferred one.

scholarly journals Alkali-Activated Binders Using Bottom Ash from Waste-to-Energy Plants and Aluminium Recycling Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Maldonado-Alameda ◽  
Jofre Mañosa ◽  
Jessica Giro-Paloma ◽  
Joan Formosa ◽  
Josep Maria Chimenos
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
Aluminium Recycling ◽  
Alkaline Activator ◽  
Alkali Activated Binders ◽  
Energy Plants ◽  
Alkali Activated

Alkali-activated binders (AABs) stand out as a promising alternative to replace ordinary Portland cement (OPC) due to the possibility of using by-products and wastes in their manufacturing. This paper assessed the potential of weathered bottom ash (WBA) from waste-to-energy plants and PAVAL® (PV), a secondary aluminium recycling process by-product, as precursors of AABs. WBA and PV were mixed at weight ratios of 98/2, 95/5, and 90/10. A mixture of waterglass (WG) and NaOH at different concentrations (4 and 6 M) was used as the alkaline activator solution. The effects of increasing NaOH concentration and PV content were evaluated. Alkali-activated WBA/PV (AA-WBA/PV) binders were obtained. Selective chemical extractions and physicochemical characterization revealed the formation of C-S-H, C-A-S-H, and (N,C)-A-S-H gels. Increasing the NaOH concentration and PV content increased porosity and reduced compressive strength (25.63 to 12.07 MPa). The leaching potential of As and Sb from AA-WBA/PV exceeded the threshold for acceptance in landfills for non-hazardous waste.

Energy-ecologic efficiency of waste-to-energy plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 1359-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa N.M. Carneiro ◽  
Marcos Sebastião P. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Energy Plants

Energy, exergy, environmental and economic analysis of hybrid waste-to-energy plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 397-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa N.M. Carneiro ◽  
Marcos Sebastião P. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Energy Plants

Design and Control of Bypass Condensers

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranga Nadig ◽  
Michael Phipps
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Design ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Large Shell ◽  
Small Tube ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Proper Performance ◽  
Energy Plants

In waste to energy plants and certain genre of cogeneration plants, it is mandatory to condense the steam from the boiler or HRSG in a separate bypass condenser when the steam turbine is out of service. The steam from the boiler or HRSG is attemperated in a pressure reducing desuperheating valve and then condensed in a bypass condenser. To avoid flashing of condensate in downstream piping it is customary to subcool the condensate in the bypass condenser. Circulating water from the steam surface condenser is used to condense the steam in the bypass condenser. Some of the challenges involved in the design of the bypass condenser are: • High shellside design pressure and temperature • Condensate subcooling • Large circulating water (tubeside) flow rate • Relatively low circulating water (tubeside) inlet temperature • Large Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) • Large shell diameters • Small tube lengths The diverse requirements complicate the mechanical and thermal design of the bypass condenser. This paper highlights the complexities in the design and performance of the bypass condenser. Similarities with the design and operation of steam surface condensers and feedwater heater are reviewed. The uniqueness of the bypass condenser’s design and operation are discussed and appropriate solutions to ensure proper performance are suggested.

Operations scheduling of waste-to-energy plants under uncertainty

2020 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 119953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenlian Hu ◽  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Jie Lu ◽  
Chi-Hwa Wang
Keyword(s):  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Operations Scheduling ◽  
Energy Plants
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