scholarly journals A framework for the iterative dynamic optimisation of diesel engines: numerical methods, experimental setup, and first results

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Asprion ◽  
G. Mancini ◽  
S. Zentner ◽  
Ch. H. Onder ◽  
N. Cavina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Dynamic Optimisation ◽  
First Results

scholarly journals Optimal Control of Diesel Engines: Numerical Methods, Applications, and Experimental Validation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Asprion ◽  
Oscar Chinellato ◽  
Lino Guzzella
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Dynamic Optimisation

In response to the increasingly stringent emission regulations and a demand for ever lower fuel consumption, diesel engines have become complex systems. The exploitation of any leftover potential during transient operation is crucial. However, even an experienced calibration engineer cannot conceive all the dynamic cross couplings between the many actuators. Therefore, a highly iterative procedure is required to obtain a single engine calibration, which in turn causes a high demand for test-bench time. Physics-based mathematical models and a dynamic optimisation are the tools to alleviate this dilemma. This paper presents the methods required to implement such an approach. The optimisation-oriented modelling of diesel engines is summarised, and the numerical methods required to solve the corresponding large-scale optimal control problems are presented. The resulting optimal control input trajectories over long driving profiles are shown to provide enough information to allow conclusions to be drawn for causal control strategies. Ways of utilising this data are illustrated, which indicate that a fully automated dynamic calibration of the engine control unit is conceivable. An experimental validation demonstrates the meaningfulness of these results. The measurement results show that the optimisation predicts the reduction of the fuel consumption and the cumulative pollutant emissions with a relative error of around 10% on highly transient driving cycles.

scholarly journals Simulation of Solar Magnetoconvection

2003 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vögler ◽  
S. Shelyag ◽  
M. Schüssler ◽  
F. Cattaneo ◽  
T. Emonet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Transfer Test ◽  
Parallel Computers ◽  
Plage Region ◽  
First Results ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Efficient Parallelization

We present a new 3D MHD code for the simulation of solar magnetoconvection. The code is designed for use on parallel computers and in the choice of methods emphasis has been laid on efficient parallelization. We give a description of the numerical methods and discuss the non-local and non-grey treatment of the radiative transfer. Test calculations underlining the importance of non-grey effects and first results of the simulation of a solar plage region are shown.

scholarly journals New beam line of biomolecular ions at ARIBE facility: Experimental setup, first results and prospects

2009 ◽  
Vol 194 (14) ◽  
pp. 142003
Author(s):  
M Capron ◽  
V Bernigaud ◽  
R Maisonny ◽  
P Rousseau ◽  
J-Y Chesnel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beam Line ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
First Results ◽  
Biomolecular Ions

scholarly journals Cohesive fracture in composite systems: experimental setup and first results

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (48) ◽  
pp. 222-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentino Berardi ◽  
Michele Perrella ◽  
Gabriele Cricrì
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Cohesive Fracture ◽  
Composite Systems ◽  
First Results

scholarly journals Non-catalytic NOx reduction for marine Diesel engine: an experimental approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 07015
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Raspolli Galletti ◽  
Stefano Frigo ◽  
Marco Antonelli ◽  
Gianluca Pasini ◽  
Paolo Bertetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Nox Abatement ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
First Results ◽  
The University

Recent legislation concerning air pollutant emissions from ships (Tier III) has considerably decreased NOx emission limits for recreational ships with less than 500 gross tonnages and greater than 24 m load line length (LLL), the so-called “large yachts”. For these yachts, which adopt multiple Diesel engines with maximum power ranging from 800 to 2000 kW, the new NOx limit is less than 2 g/kWh. To satisfy that limit, engine makers suggest the adoption of a classic SCR system with urea injection but this methodology, in addition to requiring a large space for installation, does not seem so appropriate for diesel engines of large yachts that normally operate at low power with exhaust temperatures often well below 300 °C, therefore not sufficient to allow the correct functioning of the SCR. The aforementioned circumstances have prompted Sanlorenzo Spa (La Spezia – Italy), one of the world’s leading companies in the production of pleasure boats, to collaborate with the University of Pisa in the study of alternative solutions to SCR systems. Recently there is a great interest in innovative NOx abatement systems, based on the possibility of absorbing NOx molecules into seawater through the utilization of appropriate aqueous solutions containing targeted saline oxidizing agents. The present study describes the first results of a research program aimed to identify, from one side, the best saline oxidizing agent for an aqueous NOx abatement and, from the other, the best washing methodology compatible with the propulsion layouts usually adopted on yachts. In the engine testing laboratories of the Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering (DESTeC) of the University of Pisa, an experimental apparatus has been created to reproduce the real conditions of underwater engine exhausting. This device was combined with a small 1.2 L direct injection diesel engine. The first results showed a reduction of the NOx emissions of about 27% by using a gas washing with wet scrubber, followed by bubbling in water, using 0.2 molar NaClO saline solutions.

scholarly journals A new station for monitoring electromagnetic fields in Duronia (Italy): experimental setup and first results

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Palangio ◽  
Fabrizio Masci ◽  
Manuele Di Persio ◽  
Cinzia Di Lorenzo ◽  
Elisabetta Lampis
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
First Results

scholarly journals Homogeneous nucleation of sulfuric acid and water mixture: experimental setup and first results

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 23875-23907
Author(s):  
D. Brus ◽  
A.-P. Hyvärinen ◽  
Y. Viisanen ◽  
M. Kulmala ◽  
H. Lihavainen
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Theoretical Prediction ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Homogeneous Nucleation ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Flow Tube ◽  
First Results

Abstract. In this study we introduce a new laminar flow tube suitable for binary and ternary homogeneous nucleation studies. The production of sulfuric acid and water vapor mixture, the experimental setup and the method of sulfuric acid concentration determination are discussed in details. Wall losses were estimated from the measured sulfuric acid concentration profile along the laminar flow tube and compared to a theoretical prediction. In this investigation the experimental evidence of new particle formation was observed at concentration of 109 molecules of sulfuric acid in cm3 and nucleation rates measured at three relative humidities (RH) 10, 30 and 50% cover six orders of magnitudes from 10−3 to 103 particles in cm3. Particle free air was used as a carrier gas. Our first results are compared to theoretical prediction of binary homogeneous nucleation, to results obtained by other investigators and to atmospheric nucleation.

scholarly journals Environmental Systematics and Astronomical Refraction, I

1974 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 237-237
Author(s):  
J. A. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Chebyshev Polynomials ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Environmental Models ◽  
First Results ◽  
Astronomical Refraction ◽  
Made In

The first results of a planned continuing investigation of astronomical refraction are reported in this paper. Pure and anomalous refraction are investigated using meteorological data and environmental models. Numerical methods based upon Chebyshev polynomials are developed. Applications are made to Winslow, Arizona (which is somewhat similar to El Leoncito, Argentina), and to results of PZT observations made in Washington, D.C.

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