scholarly journals Naturation of Mexico City: cost benefit analysis of an air quality improvement proposal

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Villaseñor ◽  
E. Ortiz ◽  
G. Navas ◽  
E. Alemón
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Air Quality Improvement

scholarly journals Air quality improvement estimation using contingent valuation method in HoChiMinh City

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Ngoc Nguyen Thi ◽  
Oanh Thi Kieu Hoang ◽  
Hien Thi To
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Air Quality Improvement

The purpose of the study is to estimate the air quality improvement in the urban areas of HoChiMinh City (HCMC) through resident’s willingness to pay (WTP) by using contingent valuation method. 300 residents were chosen to participate in an interview with the structured questionnaire and the open-ended question about their WTP. The results show that with the performance of ambient air in HCMC, 88.41% of respondents are willing to pay for this "particular commodity". The average WTP for a 50% reduction of concentration of air pollutants in next 5 years in HCMC, where respondents live and work was 19,732 VNĐ/household/month, accounted 0.15% of a household income. Positive WTP values reveal that residents have a choice between better air quality and rapid growth of the economy, which also means that air quality is really their considerable economic value. Therefore, this value should be considered in the cost – benefit analysis of projects or programs relating to air quality. The results are the source of useful information for policy makers to decide in the investment and policy measures to reduce impacts on air quality in the process of economic development.

Methodik zur Bewertung von Flugverfahren hinsichtlich Fluglärm und weiteren Kriterien/Development of a validation procedure for flight procedures based on a cost-benefit analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
M. Müller ◽  
C. Strümpfel
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Flight Operations ◽  
Validation Procedure

Geänderte Betriebsverfahren an Flughäfen können für Bewohner von flughafennahen Gebieten verminderten Fluglärm und verbesserte Luftqualität bedeuten, während in anderen Gebieten im Umkreis von Flughäfen gegensätzliche Effekte zu beobachten sind. Folglich ist an Flughäfen, insbesondere jenen in Industrieländern, ein massiver Interessenkonflikt während des Flugbetriebs und in Hinblick auf Änderungen von flugbetrieblichen Verfahren zu beobachten. Während der Luftverkehr kontinuierlich wächst [1], sind positive wirtschaftliche Effekte für Flughäfen unbestritten. Dennoch konzentriert sich der aktuelle öffentliche Streit auf die Lärmbelastung durch abfliegende und ankommende Flugzeuge sowie den Boden- und Rollverkehr.   Modified operating procedures at airports may mean reduced aircraft noise and improved air quality for residents of near-airport areas, while conflicting effects may be observed in other areas around airports. Consequently, airports, especially those in industrialized countries, are experiencing a massive conflict of interest during flight operations and with regard to changes in flight operations procedures. While aviation continues to grow [1], positive economic effects for airports are undisputed. Nevertheless, the current public dispute focuses on the noise pollution from departing and arriving aircraft as well as ground and taxi traffic.

The role of a peri-urban forest on air quality improvement in the Mexico City megalopolis

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrel Baumgardner ◽  
Sebastian Varela ◽  
Francisco J. Escobedo ◽  
Alicia Chacalo ◽  
Carlos Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Air Quality Improvement

Cost-benefit analysis of alternatives to mitigate the air quality and health impacts from agricultural residue burning in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoyu Lan ◽  
Sebastian Eastham ◽  
Leslie Norford ◽  
Steven Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Residue ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Analysis Of Alternatives ◽  
The Impact

<p>Poor air quality in India affects the health of millions living in one of the most populated regions in the world. Agricultural residue burning as a common way to remove crop waste and make fields for the next planting season contributes to this problem and, despite attempts to reduce agricultural fires, remains a recurring issue due to a lack of viable alternatives. As India population grows, more food production will be needed, with yet more crop residue to burn. Sustainable and economically feasible interventions are therefore needed to mitigate the impact of agricultural residue burning. To support policy-making, an adjoint modeling approach has been applied to estimate how air quality and health impacts respond to changes in specific time and location of burning, and how effective potential mitigation options might be in reducing them.</p><p>This work extends based upon these initial findings and seeks to provide a cost-benefit analysis of alternatives to agricultural residue burning using the GEOS-Chem adjoint model. With a multi-year assessment that accounts for the impact of inter-annual variability of meteorology, the public cost presented in terms of the monetary valuation of air quality damages resulting from population exposure and health impacts due to emissions of agricultural burning,<span>  </span>and the private returns presented in terms of the individual profit from crop cultivation for farmers in India, are quantified in order to better understand the potential trade-offs between air quality improvement and economic benefit.</p><p>The end results focusing on northwestern India during the post-monsoon rice residue burning season, where the majority of agricultural fires in India come from, show that appropriate measures, including crop diversification, agricultural mechanization and shifting the time of burning, may help avoid air quality damages from agricultural residue burning without risking the income of farmers. Proper incentive mechanisms such as subsidies for investment cost and compensation for human effort may further facilitate the best possible outcomes. These findings help inform better decision-making to mitigate the impacts of agricultural fires and reduce the uncertainties regarding sustainable agricultural practices not just for India but also for regions and countries facing similar issues.</p>

scholarly journals Climate Change Will Unravel Air Quality Regulations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Bento ◽  
David Adler ◽  
Noah Miller ◽  
Edson Severnini
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Ambient Ozone ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Ozone Precursor ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Using daily data for the United States over the period 1980-2019, we estimate the impacts of temperature on ambient ozone concentrations, accounting for adaptation to climatic change. We find that even with adaptation, rises in temperature will steeply increase ozone levels by over 9 ppb on days above 25◦C. By mid-century, we calculate that 189 additional counties will be violating the air quality standards, with 33 million more residents exposed to unhealthy levels of ozone. Climate change will thus put the ambient ozone standards at risk as the costs of compliance with existing standards will likely increase. In light of a recent EPA ruling that would effectively remove co-benefits from ozone precursor reductions from the cost-benefit analysis of those standards, they will be in peril.

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