Monitoring urban dynamics: the case of the Metropolitan area of Central Tuscany

This paper presents a conceptual approach to the study of the urbanization process in the Metropolitan Area of Valley of Mexico (ZMVM), from the perspective of the social production of space and its capitalist appropriation. The aim is to contribute to the understanding of the problems derived from the expansion and metropolitan urbanization of Mexico City, among which the precarious living conditions of the population integrated to the metropolitan area stand out, as the expression of the contradictions inherent in the social production of space in capitalism. For the research, a mixed methodology was used to combined classical theoretical sources with the empirical reference gathered in documentary sources and field observations; offers a historical perspective and an interdisciplinary effort. The main contribution of the article is to underline the contradictory nature of the metropolitan expansion process and the continued subordination of rural space to urban dynamics. It concludes by highlighting the possibility and need to strengthen forms of social production of space focused on the reproduction of life rather than the reproduction of capital.

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Short-Form Application of the Screening Test of Spanish Grammar and the Northwestern Syntax Screening Test to Latino Children

Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools ◽

10.1044/0161-1461.0904.220 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 220-235

Author(s):

David L. Ratusnik ◽

Carol Melnick Ratusnik ◽

Karen Sattinger

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Case Studies ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Screening Test ◽

Normative Data ◽

Short Form ◽

Latino Children ◽

Data Application ◽

York Metropolitan Area ◽

Multiple Regression Technique

Short-form versions of the Screening Test of Spanish Grammar (Toronto, 1973) and the Northwestern Syntax Screening Test (Lee, 1971) were devised for use with bilingual Latino children while preserving the original normative data. Application of a multiple regression technique to data collected on 60 lower social status Latino children (four years and six months to seven years and one month) from Spanish Harlem and Yonkers, New York, yielded a small but powerful set of predictor items from the Spanish and English tests. Clinicians may make rapid and accurate predictions of STSG or NSST total screening scores from administration of substantially shortened versions of the instruments. Case studies of Latino children from Chicago and Miami serve to cross-validate the procedure outside the New York metropolitan area.

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Emergency Department Admission and Mortality Rate for Suicidal Behavior

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000282 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 406-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Raimondo Maria Pavarin ◽

Angelo Fioritti ◽

Francesca Fontana ◽

Silvia Marani ◽

Alessandra Paparelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Cox Model ◽

Emergency Department Admission ◽

Completed Suicide

Background: The international literature reports that for every completed suicide there are between 8 and 22 visits to an Emergency Department (ED) for attempted suicide/suicidal behavior. Aims: To describe the characteristics of admission to emergency departments (EDs) for suicide-related presenting complaints in the metropolitan area of Bologna; to estimate the risk for all-cause mortality and for suicide; to identify the profiles of subjects most at risk. Method: Follow-up of patients admitted to the EDs of the metropolitan area of Bologna between January 2004 and December 2010 for attempted suicide. A Cox model was used to evaluate the association between sociodemographic variables and the general mortality risk. Results: We identified 505 cases of attempted suicide, which were more frequent for female subjects, over the weekend, and at night (8:00 p.m./8:00 a.m.). The most used suicide methods were psychotropic drugs, sharp or blunt objects, and jumping from high places. In this cohort, 3.6% of subjects completed suicide (4.5% of males vs. 2.9% of females), 2.3% within 1 year of the start of follow-up. The most common causes of death were drug use and hanging. In the multivariate analysis, those who used illicit drugs 24 hr prior to admission to the ED (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.23–9.73) and patients who refused the treatment (HR = 6.74, 95% CI = 1.86–24.40) showed an increased mortality risk for suicide. Conclusion: Deliberate self-harm patients presenting to the ED who refuse treatment represent a specific target group for setting up dedicated prevention schemes.

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