scholarly journals Waste from the coal extraction process as raw material for the construction industry

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Quaranta ◽  
M. Caligaris ◽  
H. López ◽  
M. Unsen ◽  
M. Carrasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Coal Extraction

Alternative Concrete – Geopolymer Concrete

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Alkali Activated

Concrete is the most versatile, durable and reliable material and is the most used building material. It requires large amounts of Portland cement which has environmental problems associated with its production. Hence, an alternative concrete – geopolymer concrete is needed. The general aim of this book is to make significant contributions in understanding and deciphering the mechanisms of the realization of the alkali-activated fly ash-based geopolymer concrete and, at the same time, to present the main characteristics of the materials, components, as well as the influence that they have on the performance of the mechanical properties of the concrete. The book deals with in-depth research of the potential recovery of fly ash and using it as a raw material for the development of new construction materials, offering sustainable solutions to the construction industry.

Optimization of Microwave Extraction Process by Response Surface Methodology of Flavonoids from Tussilago farfara L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 763 ◽  
pp. 246-249
Author(s):  
Xiao Song ◽  
Peng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Tussilago Farfara ◽  
Optimum Extraction

Flavonoids from Tussilago farfara L. was extracted with the assistance of microwave.Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize extraction time; microwave power and ratio of water to raw material to obtain a high flavonoids yield.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: 73.3% ethanol-water solvent, time 16.25 min and ratio of solvent to raw material 36.2ml/g.The yield of flavonoids was 11.37% based on the above mentioned conditions.

scholarly journals Intensification of the extraction process of phenolic compounds from Acorus calamus leaves

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Oleksiy Andryushayev ◽  
Olena Ruban ◽  
Yuliia Maslii ◽  
Inna Rusak
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Ultrasonic Action ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Method Of Extraction ◽  
Temperature Time

The aim. To determine the intensified method of extraction of phenolic compounds from Acorus calamus leaves and optimal conditions for the process. Materials and methods. In order to develop the optimal intensified method of extraction samples were prepared in different conditions of raw materials-extractant ratio, temperature, time and multiplicity. As a raw materials spectrophotometrically pre-standardized Acorus calamus leaves were used. The extraction was carried out in a hermetically sealed ultrasonic extraction reactor PEX 1 (REUS, Contes, France). As the criteria of extraction efficiency were indicators of dry residue and total amount of flavonoids determined using methods described in State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. The amount of flavonoids was determined spectrophotometrically on a certified device Specord 200 (Analytik Jena, Germany). Results. According to our research results it was found that ultrasonic action and addition of surfactant significantly improves the efficiency of the extraction process. The optimal conditions for the process were determined. Experimentally proved that the rational raw material-extractant ratio is 1:15. Comparative study of the extraction process with different temperatures showed that the highest amount of extractives is achieved at temperature 70 °C and 45 min of duration. The optimal extraction multiplicity is 3. Conclusions. As a result of the study, the intensified extraction method for Acorus calamus leaves – re-maceration with ultrasound – was established. The conducted researches allowed to develop the method of extraction, expedient in the conditions of the modern pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF EXTRACTS FROM VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS BY CARBON DIOXIDE

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Gafurov ◽  
B. Muhammadiev ◽  
Sh. Mirzaeva ◽  
F. Kuldosheva
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Laboratory Setup

The unique properties of supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent are widely used for extraction. In supercritical media, the dissolution of molecules of various chemical nature is possible. The purpose of this investigation was to study the extraction process and obtain extracts from valuable regional plant materials by applying CO2 extraction under pre- and supercritical conditions. The objects of research were: ground seeds of melon, pumpkin and licorice roots, as well as mint leaves, mulberry and jida flowers. For extraction, a laboratory setup was used that allows extraction when the CO2 is supplied by a high-pressure plunger pump in the sub- and supercritical state using a heat pump. The pressure range is 3-15 MPa, temperatures 295–330 K, and the volumetric flow rate above the critical CO2 is 800–900 g. Experiments with ground seeds of melon and pumpkin showed that as a result of 4 sequentially performed extraction cycles on a single load with supercritical CO2 parameters ( 315–330 K; 3–7.5 MPa) the decrease in the mass of melon seeds was 90 g (pumpkins 80 g). During the total extraction time (2.5 hours), 20 kg of CO2 were pumped through the reactor (25 l at 290 K and 6.8 MPa), while the average oil content in the extract was 4 g per 1 kg of CO2 (3.0 g per 1 l of SС-CO2) In experiments with jida flowers, the maximum amount of solid extractable substance (2% by weight of the raw material) was obtained at a temperature in the extractor of 308 K and a pressure of 7.5 MPa. Upon extraction under critical conditions in collection 2, the liquid phase was absent; only a yellow-green paste was released in it. According to the results of experiments with mint leaves, the maximum yield of a greenish liquid was observed at T = 315 K and P = 4 MPa., Mulberry - at T = 306 K and P = 6.0 MPa. The results of the extraction of oils and extracts from ground seeds of melon, pumpkin and licorice roots, as well as mint leaves, mulberries and jida flowers confirm that the maximum yield of the extracted substance is achieved with supercritical CO2 parameters in the extractor (310 K, 7.5 MPa). When liquid CO2 is extracted (300 K and 6-8 MPa), up to 2% of a yellow substance is extracted, which does not differ in appearance from a supercritical extract.

scholarly journals Yield Evaluation and Primary Energy Assessment of the Jatropha curcas Oil Extraction Process for Use as a Biofuel in Engines

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Fredy Torres Mejía ◽  
Juan Alexander Torres Mejía ◽  
Henry Edgardo Maradiaga Galeano ◽  
Claudia López Toro
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Jatropha Curcas Oil ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
The One ◽  
Jatropha Cake

The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of the extraction and mechanical filtering of Jatropha curcas oil and to evaluate the primary energy of the raw material resulting from the process, this is a qualitative-quantitative study of transversal order based on measurements and analysis of the process in situ: The following factors were evaluated as factors: weight of oil per seed processed, weight of pressed cake, and measurements in the filtering process, from which a balance of matter of the process used was constructed, and the energy valuation of the oil and pressed cake, energy was used as the response variable, measured in Tons of Oil Equivalent (TEP), Barrels of Oil Equivalent (BEP), and tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (Ton CO2eq). The seed used is Creole, the one existing in the area, the extraction was carried out in a KEK-P0101 press, and a KEK-F0090 filter. The collected seeds were dried and then discarded, the average shell weight is 40% of the total weight of the dry seed, from the oil extraction process a yield of 18.6% was obtained using seed with 5.8% humidity, and from the oil filtering process, when it passed through the filter, no weight loss in kg was obtained; finally, the equivalent primary energy valuation of one ton of oil is 39076. 39 MJTon-1, which is equivalent to 0.94 TEP, 2.90 Ton CO2 eq, and 20.87 BEP; in the same way one ton of Jatropha cake represents 15969.30 MJ, equivalent to 0.38 TEP, 1.18 Ton CO2 eq, and 8. 53 BEP, and the total primary energy between one ton of oil and one ton of Jatropha cake after oil extraction together contain 55045.61 MJTon-1, equivalent to 1.32 TEP, 4.08 Ton CO2 eq, and 29.41 BEP.

scholarly journals The Optimization of Extraction Process, Antioxidant, Whitening and Antibacterial Effects of Fengdan Peony Flavonoids

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Jie Lu ◽  
Zhiqiang Huang ◽  
Yusheng Liu ◽  
Huimin Wang ◽  
Min Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Great Possibility

Flavonoids have important biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant and whitening, which is a potential functional food raw material. However, the biological activity of Fengdan peony flavonoid is not particularly clear. Therefore, in this study, the peony flavonoid was extracted from Fengdan peony seed meal, and the antioxidant, antibacterial and whitening activities of the peony flavonoid were explored. The optimal extraction conditions were methanol concentration of 90%, solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:35 g:mL, temperature of 55 °C and time of 80 min; under these conditions, the yield of Fengdan peony flavonoid could reach 1.205 ± 0.019% (the ratio of the dry mass of rutin to the dry mass of peony seed meal). The clearance of Fengdan peony total flavonoids to 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, hydroxyl radical and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical could reach 75%, 70% and 97%, respectively. Fengdan peony flavonoid could inhibit the growth of the Gram-positive bacteria. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Fengdan peony flavonoid on S. aureus, B. anthracis, B. subtilis and C. perfringens were 0.0293 mg/mL, 0.1172 mg/mL, 0.2344 mg/mL and 7.500 mg/mL, respectively. The inhibition rate of Fengdan peony flavonoid on tyrosinase was 8.53–81.08%. This study intensely illustrated that the antioxidant, whitening and antibacterial activity of Fengdan peony total flavonoids were significant. Fengdan peony total flavonoids have a great possibility of being used as functional food materials.

scholarly journals Effect of extraction method on Curcuma xanthorrhiza oleoresin using solar dryer to concentration of curcuminoid, total phenol and antioxidant activty

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
THERESIA AGNIEST PRICILLA VITANTI ◽  
KAWIJI KAWIJI ◽  
EDHI NURHARTADI
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Powder Size ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza

Vitanti TAP, Kawiji, Edhi N. 2012. Effect of extraction method on Curcuma xanthorrhiza oleoresin using solar dryer to concentration of curcuminoid, total phenol, and antioxidant activity. Biofarmasi 14: 1-9. Curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is a type of drug plant that has high enough capacity of production in Indonesia. Generally, commerced in the form of fresh curcuma or processed product as simple as simplicia and curcuma powder. Processed products that could be developed is curcuma oleoresin. It is a mixture of essential oils and resins obtained from extraction process of curcuma powder using an organic solvent. Oleoresin has the same flavor and aroma to the extracted material. Due to these characteristics, it is used as a flavor and food coloring, other than as a raw material in pharmaceutical industry. In addition, it also contains active compounds which can support the utilization of drug and food industries. This study aims to determine whether the size of the powder, powdered curcuma immersion time, and interactions between them that can be influenced the content of curcuminoids, total phenol and antioxidant activity of curcuma oleoresin. Selection of solar dryers in the drying process is based on previously studied that compare the natural drying technique with a solar dryer, and the best results of those studies are shown in the solar dryer. This research using completely randomized design with two factors: the size variation of curcuma powder (60, 80 and 100 mesh) and immersion time variation (extraction) of curcuma powder (12, 24 and 36 hours). The results showed that the powder size of curcuma and immersion time has an effect on curcuminoid content, total phenol and antioxidant activity of curcuma oleoresin. However, there are no interaction between both factors. That is, the size and the immersion time of curcuma powder do not affect each other on the content of curcuminoid, total phenol and activity of antioxidant.

Research on Biochemical Materials with Optimization of Microwave Extraction Process by Response Surface Methodology of Flavonoids from Platycarya strobi lacea sieb.et zucc.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1014 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Xiao Song ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Qing Hua Meng ◽  
Zhi Shu Tang ◽  
Chang Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Optimum Extraction

Flavonoids from Platycarya Strobi lacea Sieb.et Zucc. was extracted with the assistance of microwave.Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize extraction time; microwave power and ratio of solvent to raw material to obtain a high flavonoids yield. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: 65.32% ethanol-water solvent, time 3.96 min and ratio of solvent to raw material 20.8 ml/g.The yield of flavonoids was 3.41% based on the above mentioned conditions.

Investigating the Potential Use of Papaya Leaf Extract as Natural Dyes in the Textile Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 991 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Suharno Rusdi ◽  
Huda F. Maulana ◽  
Nuriaji L. Samudro ◽  
Achmad Chafidz
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Washing Method ◽  
Solid Liquid

Synthetic dyes are widely used in the majority of the large textile industry. The use of synthetic dyes can cause water pollution from sewage disposal of the textile industry. Some types of synthetic dyes contain heavy metals that are harmful to human health and can damage the environment. With increasing awareness of the current environmental problems, people begin to focus on returning back to natural dyes. These natural dyes can be extracted from various parts of plants, such as leaves, flowers, fruit, wood or stems, and roots. Papaya leaves have the potential to be used as a basic ingredient to make natural dyes due to fairly high chlorophyll content. Therefore, we took the initiative to conduct research on the production of natural dyes from papaya leaf extract. Papaya leaf extract was produced by using a solid-liquid extraction process using two different solvents, ethanol (96%) and n-hexane. From the results of the study, it was found that the most optimum extract results in the extraction process was about 2.20% of the raw material of dried papaya leaves by using ethanol solvent. The prepared cotton cloth was then colored with papaya leaf extract through three simple steps, namely: mordanting, dyeing, and fixation. Fabric staining results then tested its fastness by two methods, namely the rub method and the washing method with soap. From the test results it was found that the fabric which was dyed with papaya leaf extract was not too resistant to fade from rubbing and soap washing. Therefore, further research is needed, such as using other agents during the mordanting and fixation processes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document