scholarly journals Environmental impact on chemical/oil spill in the Persian Gulf

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Chu ◽  
C. L. Williams ◽  
T. Clem ◽  
S. D. Haeger ◽  
M. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
The Persian Gulf

OFFSHORE OIL SPILL RECOVERY OPERATIONS IN THE PERSIAN GULF

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
Hugh D. Williams ◽  
Gunnar Kr. Gangsaas
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Oil Company

ABSTRACT On or about January 25, 1991, Iraqi forces in Kuwait discharged more than 4 million barrels of Kuwaiti crude oil into the Persian Gulf. The counterclockwise current carried the resulting slick southeastward along the coast of Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Arabian oil company, Aramco, chartered the multiclassed tanker and response vessel Al Waasit, based in Dubai, to assist in the offshore recovery operation. The Al Waasit's response resulted in the offshore recovery of about 100,000 barrels of oil during a 42-day period, without a recovery system failure. The authors both served on board Al Waasit as operations managers during this response operation.

scholarly journals Distinct microbial communities along the chronic oil pollution continuum of the Persian Gulf converge with oil spill accidents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rezaei Somee ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Dastgheib ◽  
Mahmoud Shavandi ◽  
Leila Ghanbari Maman ◽  
Kaveh Kavousi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
The Impact

SummaryPersian Gulf hosting ca. 48% of the world’s oil reserves; has been chronically exposed to natural oil seepage. Oil spill events have been studied over the last decade; however, the influence of chronic oil exposure on the microbial community of the Persian Gulf has remained unknown. We performed genome-resolved comparative analyses of the water and sediment’s prokaryotic community along the Gulf’s pollution continuum (Strait of Hormuz, Asalouyeh and Khark Island). The continuous exposure to trace amounts of pollution has shifted the microbial profile toward the dominance of Oceanospirillales, Flavobacteriales, Alteromonadales, and Rhodobacterales in Asalouyeh and Khark samples. Intrinsic oil-degrading microbes present in low abundances in marine habitats; experience a bloom in response to oil pollution. Comparative analysis of the Persian Gulf samples with 106 oil-polluted marine samples reveals the pollutant’s hydrocarbon content, exposure time and sediment depth as main determinants of microbial response to pollution. High aliphatic content enriches for Oceanospirillales, Alteromonadales and Pseudomonadales whereas, Alteromonadales, Cellvibrionales, Flavobacteriales and Rhodobacterales dominate polyaromatic polluted samples. In sediment samples, Deltaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria had the highest abundance. In chronic exposure and oil spill events, the community composition converges towards higher dominance of oil-degrading constituents while promoting the division of labor for successful bioremediation.Originality-Significance StatementThe impact of anthropogenic oil pollution on the microbial community has been studied for oil spill events; while the influence of long-term chronic exposure to oil derivatives on The microbes has remained unknown. Persian Gulf hosts ca. 48% of the world’s oil reserves and has been chronically exposed to natural and accidental oil pollutions. Different pollutant profilesin different locations and the recurrent pollution events; make Persian Gulf an ideal model system to analyse the impact of oil hydrocarbon on the microbial community and the recovery potential of marine ecosystems after pollution. In this study we perform an extensive analysis of thhe Persian Gulf’s water and sediment samples along the water circulation and pollution continuum for the first time. Our results show that these long-standing trace exposure to oil has imposed a consistent selection pressure on the Gulf’s microbes; developing unique and distinct communities along the pollution continuum. Our extensive genome-resolved analysis of the metabolic capabilities of the reconstructed MAGs shows an intricate division of labor among different microbes for oil degradation and determine the major drivers of each degradation step. Intrinsic oil-degrading microbes (e.g., Immundisolibacter, Roseovarius and Lutimaribacter) bloom along the Persian Gulf’s pollution continuum and function as the main oil degraders. Comparative study of PG datasets with 106 oil-polluted marine samples (water and sediment) reveals similar community compositions in the Persian Gulf’s water and sediment samples to those of oil spill events and suggests hydrocarbon type and exposure time as the main determinants of the microbial response to oil pollution.

Inferring spatial distribution of oil spill risks from proxies: Case study in the north of the Persian Gulf

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 504-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Mokhtari ◽  
Seyed Mohsen Hosseini ◽  
Afshin Danehkar ◽  
Masoud Torabi Azad ◽  
Jiří Kadlec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
The North ◽  
The Persian Gulf

scholarly journals Investigation of Proper Index of Oil Spill Detection Using Space-Borne Sentinel-2 (Case Study: The Persian Gulf, 15 Feb 2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (33) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Nadia Talebpour ◽  
Taher Safarrad ◽  
Mohammad Akbarinasab ◽  
Masomeh Rasolian
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Oil Spill Detection ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Sentinel 2

scholarly journals Distinct microbial community along the chronic oil pollution continuum of the Persian Gulf converge with oil spill accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rezaei Somee ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Dastgheib ◽  
Mahmoud Shavandi ◽  
Leila Ghanbari Maman ◽  
Kaveh Kavousi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Natural Oil ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Persian Gulf

AbstractThe Persian Gulf, hosting ca. 48% of the world’s oil reserves, has been chronically exposed to natural oil seepage. Oil spill studies show a shift in microbial community composition in response to oil pollution; however, the influence of chronic oil exposure on the microbial community remains unknown. We performed genome-resolved comparative analyses of the water and sediment samples along Persian Gulf’s pollution continuum (Strait of Hormuz, Asalouyeh, and Khark Island). Continuous exposure to trace amounts of pollution primed the intrinsic and rare marine oil-degrading microbes such as Oceanospirillales, Flavobacteriales, Alteromonadales, and Rhodobacterales to bloom in response to oil pollution in Asalouyeh and Khark samples. Comparative analysis of the Persian Gulf samples with 106 oil-polluted marine samples reveals that the hydrocarbon type, exposure time, and sediment depth are the main determinants of microbial response to pollution. High aliphatic content of the pollution enriched for Oceanospirillales, Alteromonadales, and Pseudomonadales whereas, Alteromonadales, Cellvibrionales, Flavobacteriales, and Rhodobacterales dominate polyaromatic polluted samples. In chronic exposure and oil spill events, the community composition converges towards higher dominance of oil-degrading constituents while promoting the division of labor for successful bioremediation.

The Pearl Fishing in the Persian Gulf

1917 ◽  
Vol 83 (2146supp) ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
Edwin E. Calverley
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Pearl Fishing ◽  
The Persian Gulf
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