scholarly journals Bioclimatic building regulations for warm-dry climates

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Ochoa ◽  
A. Duarte ◽  
I. Marincic ◽  
A. Gomez ◽  
A. Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
Building Regulations ◽  
Dry Climates

IDENTIFICAÇÃO DAS FEIÇÔES GRANÍTICAS DO MUNICÍPO DE IRAUÇUBA-CEARÁ

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Abner Monteiro Nunes Cordeiro ◽  
Rayane Barroso Araújo ◽  
Frederico De Holanda Bastos ◽  
Augusto César Praciano Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Geological Faults ◽  
Dry Climates ◽  
Evolution Understanding ◽  
Geomorphological Features

A exumação de rochas graníticas do Complexo Tamboril-Santa Quitéria, especificamente, na superfície de aplainamento do município de Irauçuba, Ceará, tem revelado uma grande variedade de feições geomorfológicas que se justificam por fatores litológicos e evidentes flutuações climáticas cenozoicas, comandadas, sobretudo, por morfogênese mecânica, associada a climas secos. São relevos residuais como, maciços, cristas, inselbergs, inselguebergs, lajedos e blocos saprolitizados (boulders) em diferentes graus de desenvolvimento que se sobressaem em meio à superfície erosiva rebaixada, regionalmente conhecida como depressão sertaneja. Nesse trabalho, foram identificadas diferentes formas de relevo granítico condicionadas, sobretudo por intempéries de subsuperfície, controladas por falhas e fraturas, e por remoção do regolito através da erosão superficial, além de eventos de esfoliação. Essas formas graníticas constituem peças fundamentais na compreensão da evolução paleoclimática do município de Irauçuba. Para a realização do presente trabalho foram usadas as seguintes metodologias: revisão bibliográfica, levantamento cartográfico e trabalho de campo.Palavras-chave: Feições graníticas; Superfícies de aplainamento; Erosão diferencial. ABSTRACTThe granitic rocks exhumation of Complexo Tamboril-Santa Quitéria, specifically, on the planing surface of Irauçuba county, Ceará, has revealed a great variety of geomorphological features that are justified by lithologic factors and evident Cenozoic climatic fluctuations, mainly, headed by mechanical morphogenesis, associated with dry climates. Residual reliefs like rocky massives, residual ridges, inselbergs and inselguebergs, slab stones and boulders in different degrees of development stand out in the middle of the lowered erosive surface, regionally known by “depressão sertaneja”. In this study, different forms of granite relief were identified, specially conditioned by subsurface erosion, controlled by geological faults and fractures, but also by regolith removal through surface erosion, plus exfoliation spheroidal events. These granitic features are fundamental in paleoclimatic evolution understanding of Irauçuba municipality. For the accomplishment of the present work the following methodology was used: bibliographical revision, cartographic survey and field work. For the accomplishment of the present work the following methodology was used: bibliographical revision, cartographic survey and field work.Keywords: Granitic features; Planing surface; Differential erosion.RESUMENLa exhumación de rocas graníticas del Complejo tamboril-Santa Quitéria, específicamente en la superficie de aplanado del municipio de Irauçuba, Ceará, ha revelado una gran variedad de rasgos geomorfológicos que se justifican por factores litológicos y evidentes fluctuaciones climáticas cenozoicas, comandadas principalmente por morfogénesis mecánica, asociada a climas secos. Son relieves residuales como, macizos, crestas, Inselbergs, inselguebergs, losas y bloques saprolitizados (Boulders) en diferentes grados de desarrollo que sobresalen en medio de la superficie erosiva rebajada, regionalmente conocida como depresión sertaneja. En este trabajo, se identificaron diferentes formas de relieve granítico condicionadas, principalmente por intemperies de subsuperficie, controladas por fallas y fracturas, y por eliminación del regolito a través de la erosión superficial, además de eventos de exfoliación. Estas formas graníticas constituyen piezas fundamentales en la comprensión de la evolución paleoclimática del municipio de Irauçuba. Para la realización del presente trabajo se utilizaron las siguientes metodologías: revisión bibliográfica, levantamiento cartográfico y trabajo de campo.Palabras clave: Facciones graníticas; Superficies de aplanado; Erosión diferencial.

Static grid carbon factors – Can we do better?

2021 ◽  
pp. 014362442199196
Author(s):  
Jamie Risner ◽  
Anna Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Building Regulations ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
Alternative Methodology ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The average carbon intensity (gCO2e/kWh) of electricity provided by the UK National Grid is decreasing and becoming more time variable. This paper reviews the impact on energy calculations of using various levels of data resolution (half hourly, daily, monthly and annual) and of moving to region specific data. This analysis is in two parts, one focused on the potential impact on Part L assessments and the other on reported carbon emissions for existing buildings. Analysis demonstrated that an increase in calculated emissions of up to 12% is possible when using an emissions calculation methodology employing higher resolution grid carbon intensity data. Regional analysis indicated an even larger calculation discrepancy, with some regions annual emissions increasing by a factor of ten as compared to other regions. This paper proposes a path forward for the industry to improve the accuracy of analysis by using better data sources. The proposed change in calculation methodology is analogous to moving from using an annual average external temperature to using a CIBSE weather profile for a specific city or using a future weather file. Practical application: This paper aims to quantify the inaccuracy of a calculation methodology in common use in the industry and key to building regulations (specifically Building Regulations Part L – Conservation of Fuel and Power) – translating electricity consumption into carbon emissions. It proposes an alternative methodology which improves the accuracy of the calculation based on improved data inputs.

scholarly journals Problems in enforcing Dutch building regulations

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 319-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen van der Heijden ◽  
Henk Visscher ◽  
Frits Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Building Regulations

scholarly journals Removing Barriers to BIM Adoption

2010 ◽  
pp. 546-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Harty ◽  
Richard Laing
Keyword(s):  
Process Analysis ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Integrated Project Delivery ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Building Regulations ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Integrated Project ◽  
Environmental Simulations ◽  
Heating Loads

Building information modelling (BIM) is not only an authoring tool for architects and engineers, but also for all stakeholders in the building programme procurement process. Analysis tools like code checking of building regulations and environmental simulations that can report on heating loads, daylighting and carbon use will push the adoption of intelligent modelling faster and further than previously thought. The benefits for clients should not be underestimated either and some are already reaping them where project certainty is to the fore. However, the professional language that architects and engineers espouse is a latent force that can run counter to fostering collaboration. An emerging professional, the Architectural Technologist, can bridge that divide and adopt the adjunct role of manager in the integrated project delivery.

scholarly journals Comparison of two ophthalmic solutions of olopatadine hydrochloride (0.1%) and epinastine hydrochloride (0.05%) on clinical signs of vernal keratoconjunctivitis and side effects of the two drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3565
Author(s):  
Tahir Husain Ansari ◽  
Yusuf Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ocular Itching ◽  
Dry Climates ◽  
Ophthalmic Solutions ◽  
Olopatadine Hydrochloride

Background: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a recurrent, bilateral, external, ocular inflammation primarily affecting young adults living in warm dry climates. The objectives of the research was to compare the two ophthalmic solutions of olopatadine hydrochloride (0.1%) and epinastine hydrochloride (0.05%) on clinical signs of vernal keratoconjuntivitis and to determine side effects of both the drugs.Methods: The study was carried out in 40 patients who attended the out-patient department (OPD) Ophthalmology, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai from July 2007 to December 2008.  Forty patients with symptoms of VKC (ocular itching, ropy discharge, papillary hypertrophy, gelatinous thickening and horner-trantas spots were selected and included in our study.Results: Mean score of palpebral hyperemia at 0, 14, 28 and 42 days in olopatadine treated eye were 2.1, 1.4, 0.8 and 0.4 respectively having p value <0.01, and <0.01 and <0.05 respectively, while mean score at same stages in placebo eye were 2.1, 2, 1.9, and 1.5 having value >0.05. Epinastine treated group mean score of palpebral hyperemia were <0.01 and <0.01 respectively in epinastine treated eye whereas in placebo treated eye, mean score were 2.1, 2.0, 1.8 and 1.6 respectively having p value >0.05 in all stages. Statistically insignificant reduction at day 14 while very significant reduction at day 28 and 42 was observed in epinastine treated eye as compared to placebo.Conclusions: The present study had shown that both olopatadine and epinastine were effective in treating clinical signs of VKC as compared to placebo.

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