scholarly journals Application of mineral magnetic concentration measurements as a particle size proxy for urban road deposited sediments

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Crosby ◽  
C. A. Booth ◽  
A. T. Worsley ◽  
M. A. Fullen ◽  
D. E. Searle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
Magnetic Concentration ◽  
Concentration Measurements ◽  
Mineral Magnetic

PROBLEMS AND POTENTIAL OF MINERAL MAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS AS A SOIL PARTICLE SIZE PROXY/MAGNETINIŲ MINERALŲ MATAVIMŲ, SIEKIANT JAIS PAKEISTI GRANULIOMETRINĖS SUDĖTIES ANALIZĘ, PROBLEMOS IR POTENCIALAS/ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МАГНИТНЫХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ МИНЕРАЛОВ ДЛЯ ЗАМЕНЫ АНАЛИЗА ГРАНУЛОМЕТРИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА ПОЧВЫ

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin A. Booth ◽  
Michael A. Fullen ◽  
John Walden ◽  
Annie T. Worsley ◽  
Saulius Marcinkonis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Particle Size Effects ◽  
Isle Of Man ◽  
Mineral Magnetic

The use of mineral magnetic concentration parameters (χLF, χARM and SIRM) as a potential particle size proxy for soil samples collected from the Isle of Man (British Isles) is explored as an alternative means of normalizing particle size effects. Comparison of soil‐related analytical data by correlation analyses between each magnetic parameter and individual particle size classes (i.e. sand, silt and clay), more discrete intervals within classes (e.g. fine sand or medium silt) and cumulative size fractions (e.g. clay + fine silt) are reported. Both χLF and χARMparameters reveal significant (p < 0.05; n = 46), but relatively weak (rs = 0.297 and 0.369), associations with clay content, while χLF, χARM and SIRM parameters have no significant relationship with sand and silt content or any discrete or cumulative size fractions. Contrary to earlier research findings, this indicates that magnetic measurements are not always a suitable particle size proxy and it is only certain environments and/or specific settings that are appropriate for granulometric normalization by this technique. However, if future researchers working in other soil settings can identify a formal predictable relationship, the technique is known to offer a simple, reliable, rapid, sensitive, inexpensive and non‐destructive approach that could be a valuable particle size proxy for normalizing particle size effects in soil contamination studies. Santrauka Tyrimuose atskleistas mineralų magnetinių koncentracijos parametrų panaudojimas (χLF, χARM ir SIRM) kaip potencialiai alternatyvus metodas granuliometrinės sudėties nustatymo analizei Isle of Man (Britų salos) surinktiems dirvožemio pavyzdžiams tirti ir dalelių dydžio reiškiniui normalizuoti. Aprašytas su dirvožemiu susijusių analizinių duomenų palyginimas koreliacinių analizių būdu, t. y. tarp kiekvieno magnetizmo parametro ir atskirų dydžių dalelių frakcijų (t. y. smėlio, dulkių ir dumblo) ir tarpinių šių intervalų frakcijų (pavyzdžiui, smulkaus smėlio ar vidutinio rupumo dulkių) ir jungtinių frakcijų (pavyzdžiui, dumblo + smulkių dulkių). Tiek χLF, tiek χARM parametrai atskleidžia reikšmingas (p <0,05; n = 46), bet palyginti nereikšmingas (rs = 0,297 ir 0,369) ryšių asociacijas su dumblo kiekiu, o χLF, χARM ir SIRM parametrai neturi reikšmingų priklausomybių nuo smėlio ir dulkių kiekių, nei su atskiromis ar jungtinėmis dalelių dydžių frakcijomis. Priešingai ankstyvesniems tyrinėjimų rezultatams, tai rodo, kad magnetiniai matavimai ne visada yra tinkama alternatyva granuliometrinės sudėties analizei pakeisti ir tiktai tam tikroje, specifinėje aplinkoje yra tinkami granuliometrinei sudėčiai normalizuoti. Tačiau jei ateityje tyrėjai, tiriantys kitas dirvožemio savybes, nustatytų proporcingas prognozuojamas priklausomybes, šis matavimų metodas siūlo paprastą, patikimą, greitą, tikslų, nebrangų ir neardomąjį metodą, kuris galėtų būti vertinga granuliometrinės analizės alternatyva normalizuojant dalelių dydžio reiškinius studijuojant užterštus dirvožemius. Резюме Исследована возможность использования магнитных параметров (χLF, χARM и SIRM) как альтернативного потенциального метода для определения гранулометрического состава почв, отобранных в Isle of Man (Британские острова), и нормализирования эффекта по величине частиц. Описано сравнение связанных с почвой аналитических данных на основе метода корреляционного анализа, т. е. между каждым параметром магнетизма и частиц отдельных фракций (песок, пыль, глина) и промежуточных фракций этих интервалов (например, глина + мелкая пыль). Параметры как χLF, так и χARM показывают существенную (p <0.05; n = 46), однако сравнительно слабую (rs = 0.297 ir 0.369) связь с количеством пыли, в то время как параметры χLF, χARM и SIRM не имели существенной зависимости от количества глины и песчаных частиц как для отдельных, так и для смешанных фракций. В отличие от результатов предыдущих исследований данные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что магнитные измерения не всегда являются приемлемой альтернативой для замены метода определения гранулометрического состава и лишь в определенных специфических условиях могут применяться для этого. Если в будущем исследователи, изучающие другие свойства почвы, смогут установить пропорциональные прогнозируемые зависимости, этот магнитный метод измерения сможет применяться, так как он предлагает простой, достоверный, быстрый, точный, недорогой и неизменяющийся способ, который может быть альтернативой анализа гранулометрического состава с целью нормализации эффекта величины частиц при изучении загрязненных почв.

scholarly journals Features of Sizing and Enumeration of Silica and Polystyrene Nanoparticles by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA)

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6611
Author(s):  
Zohair Usfoor ◽  
Katharina Kaufmann ◽  
Al Shahriar Hossain Rakib ◽  
Roland Hergenröder ◽  
Victoria Shpacovitch
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis ◽  
Polystyrene Nanoparticles ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Concentration Measurements ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) allows for the simultaneous determination of both size and concentration of nanoparticles in a sample. This study investigates the accuracy of particle size and concentration measurements performed on an LM10 device. For experiments, standard nanoparticles of different sizes composed of two materials with different refractive indices were used. Particle size measurements were found to have a decent degree of accuracy. This fact was verified by the manufacturer-reported particle size—determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM)—as well as by performed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. On the other hand, concentration measurements resulted in overestimation of the particle concentration in majority of cases. Thus, our findings confirmed the accuracy of nanoparticle sizing performed by the LM10 instrument and highlighted the overestimation of particle concentration made by this device. In addition, an approach of swift correction of the results of concentration measurements received for samples is suggested in the presented study.

INFLUENCE OF PARTICLE SIZE ON THE QUALITY OF PAH CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS IN A CONTAMINATED SOIL

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. García-Alonso ◽  
R. M. Pérez-Pastor ◽  
M. L. Sevillano-Castaño ◽  
O. Escolano ◽  
F. J. García-Frutos
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Concentration Measurements

scholarly journals Intra-community spatial variability of particulate matter size distributions in southern California/Los Angeles

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 9641-9672 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Krudysz ◽  
K. Moore ◽  
M. Geller ◽  
C. Sioutas ◽  
J. Froines
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Number Concentration ◽  
Particle Number Concentration ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Concentration Measurements

Abstract. Ultrafine particle (UFP) number concentrations vary significantly on small spatial and temporal scales due to their short atmospheric lifetimes and multiplicity of sources. To determine UFP exposure gradients within a community, simultaneous particle number concentration measurements at a network of sites are necessary. Concurrent particle size distribution measurements aid in identifying UFP sources, while providing data to investigate local scale effects of both photochemical and physical processes on UFP. From April to December 2007, we monitored particle size distributions at 13 sites within 350 m to 11 km of each other in the vicinity of the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach using Scanning Mobility Particle Sizers (SMPS). Typically, three SMPS units were simultaneously deployed and rotated among sites at 1–2 week intervals. Total particle number concentration measurements were conducted continuously at all sites. Seasonal and diurnal size distribution patterns are complex, highly dependent on local meteorology, nearby PM sources, and times of day, and cannot be generalized over the study area nor inferred from one or two sampling locations. Spatial variation in particle number size distributions was assessed by calculating the coefficient of divergence (COD) and correlation coefficients (r) between site pairs. Results show an overall inverse relationship between particle size and CODs, implying that number concentrations of smaller particles (<40 nm) differ from site to site, whereas larger particles tend to have similar concentrations at various sampling locations. In addition, variations in r values as a function of particle size are not necessarily consistent with corresponding COD values, indicating that using results from correlation analysis alone may not accurately assess spatial variability.

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