scholarly journals An overview on therapeutic potential and various applications of microbial collagenases

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Wamik Azmi ◽  
Shikha Chauhan ◽  
Manisha Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Native Collagen ◽  
Successful Transplantation ◽  
Connective Tissue Metabolism

Collagen is the most widely distributed class of proteins in the human body. Monomers of collagen are constantly being synthesized and degraded throughout the development of a healthy individual to adulthood. The collagenase subfamily found in human matrix (metalloproteinases), are capable of hydrolyzing native collagen under physiological conditions. Collagenases are produced by specific cells involved in repairs and remodelling processes and plays important role in connective tissue metabolism. Present article focus on the major sources, properties and therapeutic aspects of microbial collagenases in their relation with various diseases and its applications in medical and food industry. Collagenolytic enzymes are highly specific for collagen and have been the focus of much practical interest with respect to cosmetic, medical and food based applications. The most common uses of these enzymes appear to be in medicine as they have been used to treat burns and ulcers, to eliminate scar tissue and play an important role in the successful transplantation of specific organs.

Banded Structures in the Connective Tissue of Meningioma

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 234-235
Author(s):  
C. N. Sun ◽  
H. J. White
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Native Collagen ◽  
Routine Procedures

Previously, we have reported on extracellular cross-striated banded structures in human connective tissues of a variety of organs (1). Since then, more material has been examined and other techniques applied. Recently, we studied a fibrocytic meningioma of the falx. After the specimen was fixed in 4% buffered glutaraldehyde and post-fixed in 1% buffered osmium tetroxide, other routine procedures were followed for embedding in Epon 812. Sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. There were numerous cross striated banded structures in aggregated bundle forms found in the connecfive tissue of the tumor. The banded material has a periodicity of about 450 Å and where it assumes a filamentous arrangement, appears to be about 800 Å in diameter. In comparison with the vicinal native collagen fibrils, the banded material Is sometimes about twice the diameter of native collagen.

Involvement of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Neuropsychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 2283-2302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian B. Neis ◽  
Priscila B. Rosa ◽  
Morgana Moretti ◽  
Ana Lucia S. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Defensive Mechanism

Heme oxygenase (HO) family catalyzes the conversion of heme into free iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin. It possesses two well-characterized isoforms: HO-1 and HO-2. Under brain physiological conditions, the expression of HO-2 is constitutive, abundant and ubiquitous, whereas HO-1 mRNA and protein are restricted to small populations of neurons and neuroglia. HO-1 is an inducible enzyme that has been shown to participate as an essential defensive mechanism for neurons exposed to oxidant challenges, being related to antioxidant defenses in certain neuropathological conditions. Considering that neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS)) and neuropsychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, Bipolar Disorder (BD) and schizophrenia) are associated with increased inflammatory markers, impaired redox homeostasis and oxidative stress, conditions that may be associated with alterations in HO-levels/activity, the purpose of this review is to present evidence on the possible role of HO-1 in these Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases. In addition, the possible therapeutic potential of targeting brain HO-1 is explored in this review.

scholarly journals Connective Tissue Metabolism and Gingival Overgrowth

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Trackman ◽  
A. Kantarci
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Tissue Specificity ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Gingival Overgrowth ◽  
Connective Tissue Metabolism ◽  
Matrix Metabolism ◽  
Systemic Health

Gingival overgrowth occurs mainly as a result of certain anti-seizure, immunosuppressive, or antihypertensive drug therapies. Excess gingival tissues impede oral function and are disfiguring. Effective oral hygiene is compromised in the presence of gingival overgrowth, and it is now recognized that this may have negative implications for the systemic health of affected patients. Recent studies indicate that cytokine balances are abnormal in drug-induced forms of gingival overgrowth. Data supporting molecular and cellular characteristics that distinguish different forms of gingival overgrowth are summarized, and aspects of gingival fibroblast extracellular matrix metabolism that are unique to gingival tissues and cells are reviewed. Abnormal cytokine balances derived principally from lymphocytes and macrophages, and unique aspects of gingival extracellular matrix metabolism, are elements of a working model presented to facilitate our gaining a better understanding of mechanisms and of the tissue specificity of gingival overgrowth.

scholarly journals The Review of Biosensor and its Application in the Diagnosis of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 03028
Author(s):  
Jiyun Wu ◽  
Qiuyao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Optical Biosensor ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biosensor Application

The objective of this article is to summarize the available technologies for biosensing applications in COVID-19. The article is divided into three parts, an introduction to biosensing technologies, applications of mainstream biosensing technologies and a review of biosensing applications in COVID-19. The introduction of biosensors presents the history of inventing the biosensing technology, which refers to the ISFET. The resonant biosensor with the example of MEMS. the principle of optical biosensor, and the thermal biosensor. In the second part, the main use of biosensing techniques, it was discussed the field of the food industry, environmental monitoring, and the medical industry. In the part of biosensor application in COVID-19, it was mentioned that the technique of POCT, the use of RT-LAMP-NBS in the early detection in China, and the use in gRT-PCR for the detection of the DNA code to determine the presence of pathogen of COVLD-19 in the human body.

scholarly journals Role of Sex Hormones at Different Physiobiological Conditions and Therapeutic Potential in MBD2 Mediated Severe Asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Binaya Wasti ◽  
Zhifeng Chen ◽  
Yi Ke ◽  
Wen Tao Duan ◽  
Shao-Kun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Term Survival

Sex hormone has become a “hot topic” to evaluate the hormonal therapeutic potential in severe asthma. Th17 cell is one of the main influencing factors involved in the pathogenesis of severe asthma, hence also called as kernel of severe asthma, and Th17 subtype of non-T2 asthma is less responsive (resistance) to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), so severe in nature. Methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) is overexpressed and regulates the Th17 differentiation, showing the possibility of therapeutic target in treating Th17 mediated severe asthma. Sex hormone fluctuates at the different physiobiological conditions of the human body and affects the asthma pathobiology showing its role in asthma prevalence, severity, remission, and therapy. This review briefly overviews the sex hormones, their influence in asthma at the different physiobiological conditions of human body, and MBD2 severe asthma connection with the possible therapeutic potential of sex steroids in MBD2 mediated Th17 predominant severe asthma. Male sex hormone tends to show a beneficial effect and possibly downregulates the expression of Th17 cells via regulating MBD2 through a mechanism distinct from corticosteroid treatment and guides us towards discovery of new therapeutic agent, reduces the asthma-related complications, and promotes long-term survival by lowering the risk of therapy-resistant issues of old age severe asthma.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE METABOLISM IN RATS’ BLOOD SERUM WITH EXPERIMENTAL KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS AND THEIR DYNAMICS DURING CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
Kyrylo V. Makolinets ◽  
Vasyl I. Makolinets ◽  
Dmytro V. Morozenko ◽  
Kateryna V. Gliebova ◽  
Svitlana I. Danylchenko
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Glucosamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Tissue Metabolism ◽  
Connective Tissue Metabolism

Introduction: There are many methods for diagnosis and treatment of knee joints osteoarthritis in modern orthopedics. The infrared radiation is one of the most popular and effective methods though it needs experimental substantiation on rats. The aim: Experimental definition of the effectiveness of the proposed method of conservative treatment of knee joints osteoarthritis using sodium diclofenac, glucosamine hydrochloride and infrared laser radiation, on the basis of biochemical markers of connective tissue metabolism in rats. Materials and methods: Experimental studies were performed on 40 white male rats. A part of rats received infrared laser radiation in addition to diclofenac sodium and glucosamine hydrochloride. Results: Using a complex of infrared laser radiation and glucosamine hydrochloride and diclofenac sodium in conservative treatment of rats with experimentally induced knee joints osteoarthritis rats after 24 days of treatment. Treatment with the above-mentioned scheme resulted in a significant reduction in the content of glycoproteins (28.5%), chondroitin sulfates (26.1%), alkaline phosphatase activity (32.3%), and I and II fractions of glycosaminoglycans, namely chondroitin-6- (28.7%) and chondroitin-4-sulfate (40.3%). Moreover, these indicators of the studied markers approached the level of intact animals. Conclusions: Changes in biochemical markers of connective tissue in rats during experimental knee joints osteoarthritis indicated a higher efficiency of the treatment regimen with the use of low-intensity infrared laser radiation compared with exclusively drug therapy.

scholarly journals Method for the prevention of inflammatory processes in the bone part of the external auditory canal accompanied by the growth of connective tissue

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
I. A. Anikin ◽  
◽  
S. A. Eremin ◽  
A. E. Shinkareva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Satisfactory Result ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Bone Section

Otosurgery plays an important role in the rehabilitation of patients with hearing loss. Any operation can be accompanied by a long inflammatory process with excessive development of connective tissue, forming atresia or stenosis of the external auditory canal. Formed scars in the external auditory canal reduce the effectiveness of treatment and can lead to reoperation. In the treatment of scars, the use of injections of a suspension of prolonged steroids directly into the developing connective tissue is effective. We have developed a method of injecting drugs into the scar tissue of the bone section of the external auditory canal, which allows the use of such therapy in patients after otosurgery. 12 people were treated with the proposed technique. All patients had an inflammatory process in the external auditory canal with undesirable growth of connective tissue. Previous local therapy did not bring a satisfactory result. Patients received injections of a suspension of steroids into developing scar tissue. The treatment period was 1-8 weeks, for which 1 to 4 sessions of injections were performed. As a result of treatment according to the developed method, in all cases a cessation of the pathological inflammatory process was observed. Timely therapy made it possible to completely eliminate the excess granulation tissue (100%), to stop the growth of the scar, or even to cause a significant decrease (33%). The developed method allows to use of a small dose of a substance (0,1–0,5 ml) for injection to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.

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