A model to optimize the structure of enterprise's fixed assets in conditions of digital transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-378
Author(s):  
Georgii V. KOLESNIK ◽  
Mikhail B. RYBAKOV
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Markov Chain Theory ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Production Capacities

Subject. The article addresses the enhancement of fixed assets utilization efficiency as one of priority tasks faced by modern machine-building enterprises. Objectives. The purpose is to devise approaches and tools for solving the problems of optimization of industrial enterprises’ fixed assets development and use, on the basis of mathematical modeling. Methods. The study employs methods of mathematical modeling of economic processes, the Markov chain theory, and the multicriteria optimization. Results. We offer an approach to analyze the life cycle of enterprise’s fixed assets based on the theory of Markov chains. The paper presents a mathematical model of the fixed asset life cycle, formulates optimization tasks for fixed assets development, taking into account economic feasibility and reliability. Using the developed tools, it is possible to plan investing and operating activities for geographically distributed systems of enterprises, in particular, optimization of investment in production capacities development, planning their maintenance and repairs, load distribution between individual enterprises of the system. Conclusions. The use of modern digital technologies that provide dynamic forecasting and optimization of fixed assets enables to achieve a number of improvements, including a reduction in production time and cost and increase in efficiently used production means.

scholarly journals Financial and Economic Features of Technical Re-equipment of the Workshop Machine-Building Enterprise

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
Elvira Distantovna Khisamova ◽  
Svetlana Mazgutovna Nuryyakhmetova ◽  
Gulnara Damirovna Kayumova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intensity ◽  
New Product ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Technical Development ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
Different Levels

One of the urgent problems of modern industrial enterprises is the problem of their technical development. The most common direction of technical development is the technical re-equipment of industrial enterprises. This is a very long and costly process, requiring both from the management of the enterprise and from its employees of high qualification, the ability, and skills to make quick decisions and predict the outcomes of these decisions. Currently, the market for technical and technological equipment is represented by many kinds of different industrial machines, aggregates, mechanisms of different manufacturing firms, different levels of complexity, productivity, energy intensity, and, of course, different costs. The analysis of the market, the choice of suppliers of production equipment, the formulation of terms of delivery and payment, installation, assembly, and installation of equipment at the enterprise, commissioning and subsequent technical support are all elements of the process of renewal of fixed assets called technical re-equipment.Technical re-equipment includes raising the technological level of production, which includes the use of additional new equipment (both in the case of physical and moral obsolescence).During this event, either modified tools will be used in the production of old products, or the quality of the products will change, or a completely new product will be produced, or all taken together. In addition, the concept of technical re-equipment can include the re-qualification of personnel during the re-equipment process and bringing technologies in line with environmental norms and standards.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF THE CAPITAL-LABOR RATIO OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES USING PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 34-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr YANKOVYI ◽  
◽  
Volodymyr YANKOVYI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Building ◽  
Production Functions ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Labor Ratio ◽  
Capital Labor Ratio ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Optimal Capital

Neglect of the issues of managing the capital-labor ratio at industrial enterprises and lack of information on the level of its difference from the optimal value are steadily leading to the irrational use of fixed assets and labor. This, in turn, inevitably manifests itself in decreasing competitiveness of individual domestic producers, their deteriorating financial situation and, ultimately, ends in bankruptcy. Thus, it is necessary to constantly monitor the occurrence of suboptimal capital-labor ratio, which is fraught with a relative overabundance of one of the most important production factors-resources and a decrease in the efficiency of using the other. The authors propose a procedure for the analytical determination of the optimal capital-labor ratio of a commodity producer using the marginal rate of technological substitution of resources based on dynamized production functions. This makes it possible to verify the scientific hypothesis of the relative redundancy of fixed assets compared to size of salary not only at the industry level, but also at individual machine-building and food enterprises. In particular, a number of agreed criteria for optimal capital-labor ratio (when the constructed production function adequately describes the time variation of the technical and economic indicators of the commodity producer) are justified and alternative management recommendations are developed in the case when the actual capital-labor ratio is not optimal at the enterprise. Testing of the developed theoretical and methodological provisions and practical recommendations at domestic enterprises in various industries showed that in recent years, enterprises of machine-building and food industry in Ukraine have seen a significant excess of fixed assets compared to labor remuneration. The actual excess of the required capital-labor ratio, that is, its sub-optimality in this period was formed under the influence of two main factors: (i) the presence at the industrial enterprises of a large amount of obsolete and worn-out technical and technological equipment that was used inefficiently; (ii) artificial understatement of the cost of the production factor “labor force”, manifested in the relatively low wages of staff remuneration of the enterprises under study.

scholarly journals FACTORS FORMING NEW CITIES IN THE 21ST CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
V. L. Glazyrin ◽  
◽  
E. A. Timchenko ◽  
V. A. Govorova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
New Towns ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
New City

The article describes and analyzes the current approach to urban planning on the example of two emerging cities: Iskandar, Malaysia and Songdo, South Korea. The aims and objectives of the modern city as a multifunctional, sustainable, flexible and competitive environment of the future. The article also describes forming factors and enterprise. The main ones are industrial enterprises, the intersection of roads and external transport. Examines the specific characteristics and problems of the cities of Songdo and Iskandar that are associated with the geography of the place, climate, socio-economic and cultural context, lack of resources, cultural values and other aspects. Special attention was paid to the description of the development planning strategies of cities and their common problems associated with the scale, speed of growth, development and management of complex and dynamic objects. It identifies the community in shaping the modern urban environment, regardless of climate, cultural, political and socio-economic contexts. The construction of a new city from scratch is not a new idea. In the XX century in the world of urban planning practice shows a huge number of examples. The most interesting foreign experience, where during the XX century was observed four waves of development of new towns, and were submitted to various concepts. New cities provide a unique opportunity to learn from the wisdom and functionality of the existing towns and avoid the mistakes of the past, allowing us to re-create ways of using cities. The ambitious projects of urban scale are subject to numerous risks associated with economic feasibility, suitability for housing and the lack of dynamism, as demonstrated by many post-war and the new colonial cities. New cities offer unprecedented opportunities to experiment with innovative ideas, learn from past mistakes, to reproduce the beauty and energy created by the city and integrate technologies from the earliest stages. Starting from scratch means that new cities have the potential to resolve and improve problems of existing cities to be more intelligent and less wasteful and more socially open and creative.

Main approaches to prevention of health disorders in workers in contact with physical factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 827-829
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Melentyev
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Building Enterprises

Introduction. One of the leading causes of occupational health loss, especially in mining and machine-building enterprises, is the combined impact of industrial noise and vibration. The wide prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is one of the most important medical and social problems, due to persistent disability and high mortality, bringing prevention of health disorders to the first place as the basis for preserving labor longevity. The aim of study is to identify the main approaches aimed at preventing health problems in workers who come into contact with vibration and noise at mining and machine-building enterprises. Materials and methods. A survey and survey of 296 industrial workers was conducted. Group 1 (160 people) included men who were exposed to noise and vibration factors above the maximum permissible levels, group 2 consisted of 136 men who did not have direct contact with noise and vibration generating equipment. When conducting an in-depth laboratory and instrumental examination in a hospital setting, all workers additionally calculated the level of cardiovascular risk on the SCORE scale. Statistical analysis was performed using the software package "Statistica 6.0". Results. It is determined that the priority adverse factors of the working environment in production are noise and vibration. It has been shown that individuals who come into contact with these factors are more likely to detect violations of lipid metabolism and endothelial function, have a higher average heart rate and systolic blood pressure, and have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions. Taking into account the obtained results of the proposed diagnostic approaches aimed at the prevention of health disorders among workers of industrial enterprises. If employees are found to have an increased cardiovascular risk, it is necessary to conduct a more in-depth examination and timely medical and preventive measures.

scholarly journals Management of innovation processes at the enterprises of the construction materials industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 01099
Author(s):  
Nikolay Voytolovskiy ◽  
Ekaterina Maslyukova ◽  
Margarita Aleksandrova ◽  
Varvara Dikareva ◽  
Alexander Fadeev
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Management Mechanism ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Management Of Innovation ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Innovation Processes

The purpose of this paper is the development of a methodical approach to management of the parameters of the life cycle of innovations. This approach ensures the increase of the efficiency of economic activity by intensifying the processes of innovative development of industrial enterprises. As a result of the research, the features of the processes for implementing the life cycle of innovations were determined; the system of criteria for assessing the efficiency of management of the parameters of the life cycle of innovations was developed; a management model for the parameters of the life cycle of innovations was formed; and a management mechanism for the life cycle of innovations in a saturated market was developed.

scholarly journals Environmental Impact and Levelised Cost of Energy Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Systems in Selected Asia Pacific Region: A Cradle-to-Grave Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 396
Author(s):  
Norasikin Ahmad Ludin ◽  
Nurfarhana Alyssa Ahmad Affandi ◽  
Kathleen Purvis-Roberts ◽  
Azah Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Adib Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Cost Of Energy

Sustainability has been greatly impacted by the reality of budgets and available resources as a targeted range of carbon emission reduction greatly increases due to climate change. This study analyses the technical and economic feasibility for three types of solar photovoltaic (PV) renewable energy (RE) systems; (i) solar stand-alone, a non-grid-connected building rooftop-mounted structure, (ii) solar rooftop, a grid-connected building rooftop-mounted structure, (iii) solar farm, a grid-connected land-mounted structure in three tropical climate regions. Technical scientific and economic tools, including life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost assessment (LCCA) with an integrated framework from a Malaysian case study were applied to similar climatic regions, Thailand, and Indonesia. The short-term, future scaled-up scenario was defined using a proxy technology and estimated data. Environmental locations for this scenario were identified, the environmental impacts were compared, and the techno-economic output were analysed. The scope of this study is cradle-to-grave. Levelised cost of energy (LCOE) was greatly affected due to PV performance degradation rate, especially the critical shading issues for large-scale installations. Despite the land use impact, increased CO2 emissions accumulate over time with regard to energy mix of the country, which requires the need for long-term procurement of both carbon and investment return. With regards to profitably, grid-connected roof-mounted systems achieve the lowest LCOE as compared to other types of installation, ranging from 0.0491 USD/kWh to 0.0605 USD/kWh under a 6% discounted rate. A simple payback (SPB) time between 7–10 years on average depends on annual power generated by the system with estimated energy payback of 0.40–0.55 years for common polycrystalline photovoltaic technology. Thus, maintaining the whole system by ensuring a low degradation rate of 0.2% over a long period of time is essential to generate benefits for both investors and the environment. Emerging technologies are progressing at an exponential rate in order to fill the gap of establishing renewable energy as an attractive business plan. Life cycle assessment is considered an excellent tool to assess the environmental impact of renewable energy.

scholarly journals Development of machine-building enterprises controlling

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 01099
Author(s):  
Ramil Mavlioutov ◽  
Olga Chubenko
Keyword(s):  
Machine Building ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Information Basis ◽  
Building Enterprises

The article is devoted to the formation of controlling at the machine-building enterprises of Russia. The author’s interpretation of the concept of controlling as management of an enterprise is given. Controlling allows to provide an organizational and information basis for making managerial decisions aimed at the effective development of an enterprise in the conditions of dynamically changing factors of the external and internal environment. The necessity of introduction of controlling at machine-building enterprises is justified; the effects of controlling are given. Finally, methods for assessing the economic feasibility of introducing controlling at machine-building enterprises are given.

scholarly journals Modern problems of fixed capital management of the industrial enterprise

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Olena STANISLAVYK ◽  
Oleksandr KOVALENKO
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Fixed Assets

Introduction. Production activity is impossible without the presence of fixed capital and its basic element – fixed assets, in the operation of which the depreciation fund is formed and the targeted use of depreciation deductions and quality reproduction of fixed assets of the enterprise are positioned to the fore. The importance of this issue increases due to need to enter markets with competitive goods and services, which leads to innovative and active activities of industrial enterprises, which require, above all, significant investments into the fixed assets. The purpose of the paper is to highlight the essence and modern problems of fixed capital management of industrial enterprise. Results. The paper explores the essence of fixed capital management of industrial enterprise and identifies modern key issues in this area facing managers of domestic industrial enterprises. The role of strategic and tactical planning of the process of reproduction of fixed assets in the management of fixed capital of the industrial enterprise and the reasons for its renewal are highlighted. The requirements for the formation of strategy and management system of fixed capital of the industrial enterprise are presented. The stages of formation of the effective strategy of fixed capital management under conditions of the modern market and the basic directions of activity of the industrial enterprise in this sphere are offered. The necessity of implementing the rational depreciation policy and correct revaluation of fixed assets is shown. The importance of using leasing as effective tool for investment and renewal of fixed assets of domestic enterprises of the industrial sector of economy is considered. Conclusion. For the effective management of fixed capital, it is important for industrial enterprises to perform a number of tasks, which involve the development of long-term strategy and tactics for the formation and effective use of fixed assets; determination of fixed capital renewal needs; adequate assessment of the conditions of fixed assets, maintaining the proper conditions of machinery and equipment; implementation of rational depreciation policy; finding acceptable sources of funding for the restoration of fixed capital, as well as finding more efficient ways of using the investment resources. It should allow the industrial enterprise to produce products, which are in demand, and ensure stable competitive positions and high efficiency in the long run.

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