scholarly journals In Vitro Cell Viability Tests on a Composite Graft Containing Alpha Tricalcium Phosphate, Chondroitin Sulfate and Disodium Succinate

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-294
Author(s):  
Eliane Brolese ◽  
Daniel Buser ◽  
Benoit Schaller ◽  
Reinhard Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Composite Graft ◽  
Disodium Succinate

scholarly journals The Protective Influence of Chondroitin Sulfate, a Component of Human Milk, on Intestinal Bacterial Invasion and Translocation

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Y. Burge ◽  
Lindsey Hannah ◽  
Jeffrey V. Eckert ◽  
Aarthi Gunasekaran ◽  
Hala Chaaban
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Intestinal Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Vitro Model

Background:Human milk is known to be protective against necrotizing enterocolitis, a devastating intestinal inflammatory disease affecting the preterm population. Although the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis is yet to be solidified, intestinal integrity dysfunction, bacterial invasion and/or translocation, and inflammation may play important roles. Glycosaminoglycans, compounds naturally prevalent in both human milk and the intestine, are thought to be anti-inflammatory and capable of altering bacterial interactions within the gut.Research aim:In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of chondroitin sulfate, the most prominent class of glycosaminoglycans in human milk, to protect against bacterial infection in an intestinal in vitro model.Methods:T84 cell monolayers were treated with chondroitin sulfate and cell viability was assessed across a number of doses. Monolayers were then pretreated with chondroitin sulfate and subsequently challenged with E. coli invasion and translocation to evaluate any protective role of the compound against infection. Tight junction barrier function was assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance, and cytokine levels were evaluated.Results:Chondroitin sulfate at any dose up to 750 μg/ml was not associated with any statistically significant decrease in cell viability. Additionally, chondroitin sulfate at 750 μg/ml was associated with a 75% decrease in both bacterial invasion and translocation compared to control.Conclusions:These data suggest chondroitin sulfate may protect against bacterial infection through a reduction in both invasion and translocation, importantly without attendant reduction in cell viability.

scholarly journals In Vitro Cytotoxicity Test Reveals Non-toxic of Waste-based Scaffold on Human Hepatocyte Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Oktantia Frenny Anggani ◽  
Aniek Setiya Budiatin ◽  
Laksmi Sulmartiwi ◽  
Muhammad Rahmad Royan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Human Hepatocyte ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Hepatocyte Cells ◽  
Dose Dependent

Scaffold, as one of the components for bone tissue engineering, requires formulated biomaterials that are both structurally and compositively similar to bone composition. Among others, chitosan, gelatin and chondroitin sulfate are known as potential candidates for scaffold composites that can be easily obtained from waste-based resources. This study aims to investigate the cytotoxicity of different scaffold composition and concentration regimes derived from waste-based chitosan, gelatine and chondroitin sulfate, in vitro. The composition regimes used were (Chitosan : Gelatin : Chondroitin Sulfate) 50 : 50 : 0 (A); 50 : 40 :10 (B); 50 : 35 : 15 (C); 50 : 30 : 20 (D); 50 : 25 : 25 (E). Meanwhile, the final concentrations of scaffold used were 2000, 1000, 500, 250, 100, 10 and 0,1 mg/ml. The different compositions and concentrations of scaffold was tested against Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Huh7it / Human Hepatocyte It). After 48-hour incubation in the scaffold solution, the percentage of cell viability was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-5(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2- (4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The result shows that there is no difference observed among different scaffold compositions on the cell viability (p > 0.05). However, different concentrations of scaffold show significant differences in cell viability in composition C and E (p < 0.01), suggesting possible dose- dependent effect of scaffold on cell viability. Overall, all the waste-based scaffold compositions show no toxicity against the Hepatocellular Carcinoma cells as exhibited by the cell viability that is above 70%, at least with the concentration up to 2000 mg/ml.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Structure, Properties, and Corrosion Behavior of Sr-Containing Biocoatings on Mg0.8Ca

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya B. Sedelnikova ◽  
Yurii P. Sharkeev ◽  
Tatiana V. Tolkacheva ◽  
Margarita A. Khimich ◽  
Olga V. Bakina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Structure Properties

A comparative analysis of the structure, properties and the corrosion behavior of the micro-arc coatings based on Sr-substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HA) and Sr-substituted tricalcium phosphate (Sr-TCP) deposited on Mg0.8Ca alloy substrates was performed. The current density during the formation of the Sr-HA coatings was higher than that for the Sr-TCP coatings. As a result, the Sr-HA coatings were thicker and had a greater surface roughness Ra than the Sr-TCP coatings. In addition, pore sizes of the Sr-HA were almost two times larger. The ratio (Ca + Sr + Mg)/P were equal 1.64 and 1.47 for Sr-HA and Sr-TCP coatings, respectively. Thus, it can be assumed that the composition of Sr-HA and Sr-TCP coatings was predominantly presented by (Sr,Mg)-substituted hydroxyapatite and (Sr,Mg)-substituted tricalcium phosphate. However, the average content of Sr was approximately the same for both types of the coatings and was equal to 1.8 at.%. The Sr-HA coatings were less soluble and had higher corrosion resistance than the Sr-TCP coatings. Cytotoxic tests in vitro demonstrated a higher cell viability after cultivation with extracts of the Sr-HA coatings.

Stew in its Own Juice: Protein Homeostasis Machinery Inhibition Reduces Cell Viability in Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana B. de Oliveira ◽  
Luiz F.G. Sanson ◽  
Angela I.P. Eugenio ◽  
Rebecca S.S. Barbosa-Dantas ◽  
Gisele W.B. Colleoni
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Protein Homeostasis ◽  
Protein Response ◽  
Rpmi 8226

Introduction:Multiple myeloma (MM) cells accumulate in the bone marrow and produce enormous quantities of immunoglobulins, causing endoplasmatic reticulum stress and activation of protein handling machinery, such as heat shock protein response, autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR).Methods:We evaluated cell lines viability after treatment with bortezomib (B) in combination with HSP70 (VER-15508) and autophagy (SBI-0206965) or UPR (STF- 083010) inhibitors.Results:For RPMI-8226, after 72 hours of treatment with B+VER+STF or B+VER+SBI, we observed 15% of viable cells, but treatment with B alone was better (90% of cell death). For U266, treatment with B+VER+STF or with B+VER+SBI for 72 hours resulted in 20% of cell viability and both treatments were better than treatment with B alone (40% of cell death). After both triplet combinations, RPMI-8226 and U266 presented the overexpression of XBP-1 UPR protein, suggesting that it is acting as a compensatory mechanism, in an attempt of the cell to handle the otherwise lethal large amount of immunoglobulin overload.Conclusion:Our in vitro results provide additional evidence that combinations of protein homeostasis inhibitors might be explored as treatment options for MM.

MiR-485-5p Promotes Neuron Survival through Mediating Rac1/Notch2 Signaling Pathway after Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Chen ◽  
Sumei Zhang ◽  
Peipei Shi ◽  
Yangli Su ◽  
Dong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Pathological Feature ◽  
In Cells

Objective: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pathological feature of ischemic stroke. This study investigated the regulatory role of miR-485-5p in I/R injury. Methods: SH-SY5Y cells were induced with oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to mimic I/R injury in vitro. Cells were transfected with designated constructs (miR-485- 5p mimics, miR-485-5p inhibitor, lentiviral vectors overexpressing Rac1 or their corresponding controls). Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay. The concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species were detected to indicate the degree of oxidative stress. Flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity assay were used for apoptosis assessment. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm that Rac family small GTPase 1 (Rac1) was a downstream gene of miR-485-5p. Results: OGD/R resulted in decreased cell viability, elevated oxidative stress, increased apoptosis, and downregulated miR-485-5p expression in SH-SY5Y cells. MiR-485-5p upregulation alleviated I/R injury, evidenced by improved cell viability, decreased oxidative markers, and reduced apoptotic rate. OGD/R increased the levels of Rac1 and neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 (Notch2) signaling-related proteins in cells with normal miR-485-5p expression, whereas miR- 485-5p overexpression successfully suppressed OGD/R-induced upregulation of these proteins. Furthermore, the delivery of vectors overexpressing Rac1 in miR-485-5p mimics-transfected cells reversed the protective effect of miR-485-5p in cells with OGD/R-induced injury. Conclusion: This study showed that miR-485-5p protected cells following I/R injury via targeting Rac1/Notch2 signaling suggest that targeted upregulation of miR-485-5p might be a promising therapeutic option for the protection against I/R injury.

VDAC1 Mediated Anticancer Activity of Gallic Acid in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikebaier Maimaiti ◽  
Amier Aili ◽  
Hureshitanmu Kuerban ◽  
Xuejun Li
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lung Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
The Impact

Aims: Gallic acid (GA) is generally distributed in a variety of plants and foods, and possesses cell growth-inhibiting activities in cancer cell lines. In the present study, the impact of GA on cell viability, apoptosis induction and possible molecular mechanisms in cultured A549 lung carcinoma cells was investigated. Methods: In vitro experiments showed that treating A549 cells with various concentrations of GA inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. In order to understand the mechanism by which GA inhibits cell viability, comparative proteomic analysis was applied. The changed proteins were identified by Western blot and siRNA methods. Results: Two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed changes that occurred to the cells when treated with or without GA. Four up-regulated protein spots were clearly identified as malate dehydrogenase (MDH), voltagedependent, anion-selective channel protein 1(VDAC1), calreticulin (CRT) and brain acid soluble protein 1(BASP1). VDAC1 in A549 cells was reconfirmed by western blot. Transfection with VDAC1 siRNA significantly increased cell viability after the treatment of GA. Further investigation showed that GA down regulated PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. These data strongly suggest that up-regulation of VDAC1 by GA may play an important role in GA-induced, inhibitory effects on A549 cell viability.

Formulation, Characterization and In vitro Cytotoxicity of 5-Fluorouracil Loaded Polymeric Electrospun Nanofibers for the Treatment of Skin Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Patel ◽  
Bindu K.N. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Fractional Factorial

Background: The purpose of this study was to formulate, characterize and conduct in vitro cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil loaded polymeric electrospun nanofibers for the treatment of skin cancer. The patents on electrospun nanofibers (US9393216B2), (US14146252), (WO2015003155A1) etc. helped in the selection of polymers and method for the preparation of nanofibers. Methods: In the present study, the fabrication of nanofibers was done using a blend of chitosan with polyvinyl alcohol and processed using the electrospinning technique. 5-fluorouracil with known chemotherapeutic potential in the treatment of skin cancer was used as a drug carrier. 24-1 fractional factorial screening design was employed to study the effect of independent variables like the concentration of the polymeric solution, applied voltage (kV), distance (cm), flow rate (ml / hr) on dependent variables like % entrapment efficiency and fiber diameter. Results: Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize fiber diameter and morphology. Results showed that the fiber diameter of all batches was found in the range of 100-200 nm. The optimized batch results showed the fiber diameter of 162.7 nm with uniform fibers. The tensile strength obtained was 190±37 Mpa. Further in vitro and ex vivo drug release profile suggested a controlled release mechanism for an extended period of 24 hr. The 5-fluorouracil loaded electrospun nanofibers were found to decrease cell viability up to ≥50% over 24 hr, with the number of cells dropping by ~ 10% over 48 hr. As the cell viability was affected by the release of 5-fluorouracil, we believe that electrospun nanofibers are a promising drug delivery system for the treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) skin cancer. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the possibility of delivering 5-Fluorouracil loaded electrospun nanofiber to skin with enhanced encapsulation efficiency indicating the effectiveness of the formulation for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma type of skin cancer.

In vitro studies of glucose concentrations for Cell viability in normal and cancer cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
MOUNICA RAJU DANTULURI ◽  
ANIMISHA MOKKAPATI ◽  
RADHAKRISHNA NAGUMANTRI ◽  
SATYANARAYANA RENTALA
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
In Vitro Studies

scholarly journals Biological Effects of XyloCore, a Glucose Sparing PD Solution, on Mesothelial Cells: Focus on Mesothelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Inflammation and Angiogenesis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2282
Author(s):  
Valentina Masola ◽  
Mario Bonomini ◽  
Maurizio Onisto ◽  
Pietro Manuel Ferraro ◽  
Arduino Arduini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Low Glucose ◽  
Endothelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Osmotic Agents

Glucose-based solutions remain the most used osmotic agents in peritoneal dialysis (PD), but unavoidably they contribute to the loss of peritoneal filtration capacity. Here, we evaluated at a molecular level the effects of XyloCore, a new PD solution with a low glucose content, in mesothelial and endothelial cells. Cell viability, integrity of mesothelial and endothelial cell membrane, activation of mesothelial and endothelial to mesenchymal transition programs, inflammation, and angiogenesis were evaluated by several techniques. Results showed that XyloCore preserves mesothelial and endothelial cell viability and membrane integrity. Moreover XyloCore, unlike glucose-based solutions, does not exert pro-fibrotic, -inflammatory, and -angiogenic effects. Overall, the in vitro evidence suggests that XyloCore could represent a potential biocompatible solution promising better outcomes in clinical practice.

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