scholarly journals Developing Models for Managing Drones in the Transportation System in Smart Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Dinh Dung
Keyword(s):  
Markov Model ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Traffic Surveillance ◽  
Safe Distance ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Distance Model ◽  
Initial Idea ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Sd Model

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), especially drones, have advantages of having applications in different areas, including agriculture, transportation, such as land use surveys and traffic surveillance, and weather research. Many network protocols are architected for the communication between multiple drones. The present study proposes drone-following models for managing drones in the transportation management system in smart cities. These models are based on the initial idea that drones flight towards a leading drone in the traffic flow. Such models are described by the relative distance and velocity functions. Two types of drone-following models are presented in the study. The first model is a safe distance model (SD model), in which a safe distance between a drone and its ahead is maintained. By applying the stochastic diffusion process, an improved model, called Markov model, is deduced. These drone-following models are simulated in a 2D environment using numerical simulation techniques. With the simulation results, it could be noted that: i) there is no accident and no unrealistic deceleration; ii) the velocity of the followed drone is changed according to the speed of the drone ahead; iii) the followed drones keep a safe distance to drone ahead even the velocities are changed; iv) the performance of the Markov model is better than that of the SD model.

scholarly journals Next Location Prediction Based on an Adaboost-Markov Model of Mobile Users

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjun Wang ◽  
Zhen Yang ◽  
Yingchun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Markov Model ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Prediction Performance ◽  
Mobile Users ◽  
Feature Points ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Adaboost Algorithm ◽  
Target User ◽  
Better Than

As an emerging class of spatial trajectory data, mobile user trajectory data can be used to analyze individual or group behavioral characteristics, hobbies and interests. Besides, the information extracted from original trajectory data is widely used in smart cities, transportation planning, and anti-terrorism maintenance. In order to identify the important locations of the target user from his trajectory data, a novel division method for preprocessing trajectory data is proposed, the feature points of original trajectory are extracted according to the change of trajectory structural, and then important locations are extracted by clustering the feature points, using an improved density peak clustering algorithm. Finally, in order to predict next location of mobile users, a multi-order fusion Markov model based on the Adaboost algorithm is proposed, the model order k is adaptively determined, and the weight coefficients of the 1~k-order models are given by the Adaboost algorithm according to the importance of various order models, a multi-order fusion Markov model is generated to predict next important location of the user. The experimental results on the real user trajectory dataset Geo-life show that the prediction performance of Adaboost-Markov model is better than the multi-order fusion Markov model with equal coefficient, and the universality and prediction performance of Adaboost-Markov model is better than the first to third order Markov models.

scholarly journals The Application of Baum-Welch Algorithm in Multistep Attack

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanxue Zhang ◽  
Dongmei Zhao ◽  
Jinxing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Markov Model ◽  
Hidden Markov Model ◽  
Hidden Markov Models ◽  
Viterbi Algorithm ◽  
Markov Models ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Forward Algorithm ◽  
Better Than

The biggest difficulty of hidden Markov model applied to multistep attack is the determination of observations. Now the research of the determination of observations is still lacking, and it shows a certain degree of subjectivity. In this regard, we integrate the attack intentions and hidden Markov model (HMM) and support a method to forecasting multistep attack based on hidden Markov model. Firstly, we train the existing hidden Markov model(s) by the Baum-Welch algorithm of HMM. Then we recognize the alert belonging to attack scenarios with the Forward algorithm of HMM. Finally, we forecast the next possible attack sequence with the Viterbi algorithm of HMM. The results of simulation experiments show that the hidden Markov models which have been trained are better than the untrained in recognition and prediction.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF USING DRAMA AND SIMULATION TECHNIQUES TOWARD STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Eva Faliyanti ◽  
Nanda Habib Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Simulation Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Better Than

Speaking is one of the productive skills in English. It acts as an important skill which becomes a depiction of students' result in studying English. Oftentimes, English ability is measured by their speaking because it serves a tool of communication which represents the major interaction with other people. But in fact, the condition of a learning process in a sphere of speaking has not supported students to master speaking ability yet. The application of techniques and methods are actually not interesting enough to attract them. Students tend to be passive when they are in learning about material related to speaking.The objectives of this research are; to find out students' speaking score by applying drama technique; to find out students' score by using simulation technique; to find out whether the drama is better than simulation technique in increasing students' speaking ability. The population of this research is 37 students in the fourth semester of English Department at the Muhammadiyah University of Metro. The researcher conducts systematic random sampling design and pre-test and post-test control group design as a research instrument. The result of hypothesis test on test phases both provides the different result which uses 5% significant degree, where a count is higher than t -table on the analysis data of post-test with t-count =2,36  and t-table =2,12. It shows that the students who are taught by drama technique having a higher score. In conclusion that drama technique is more effective than simulation technique in term of students' speaking ability.

scholarly journals Improving Short Term Clock Prediction for BDS-2 Real-Time Precise Point Positioning

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina He ◽  
Hairui Zhou ◽  
Yuanlan Wen ◽  
Xiufeng He
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Precise Point Positioning ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Convergence Time ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Position Accuracy ◽  
Point Positioning ◽  
Clock Prediction ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Better Than

Although there are already several real-time precise positioning service providers, unfortunately, not all users can use the correction information due to either cost of the service and limitation of their equipment or out of the service coverage. An alternative way is to enhance the accuracy of the predicted satellite clocks for precise real-time positioning. Based on the study of existing prediction models, an improved model combing the spectrum analysis (SA) and the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) model is proposed especially for BeiDou satellite navigation system (BDS)-2 satellites. The periodic terms and GRNN-related parameters including length and interval of sample data, as well as a smooth factor, are optimized satellite by satellite to consider satellite-specific characteristics for all the fourteen BDS-2 satellites. The improved model is validated by comparing the predicted clocks of existing models and the improved model with precisely estimated ones. The bias of the predicted clock is within ±0.5 ns over three hours and better than that of the other models and can be used for several real-time precise applications. The clock prediction is further evaluated by applying clock corrections to precise point positioning (PPP) in both static and kinematic mode for eight IGS (International GNSS Service) MGEX (Multi-GNSS Experiment) stations in the Asia-Pacific region. In the static PPP, the improved model is validated to be effective, and position accuracies of some IGS MGEX stations achieve more than 30.0% improvements on average for each component, which enables us to obtain sub-decimeter positioning. In the kinematic PPP, the improved model performs much better than the others in terms of both the convergence time and the position accuracy. The convergence time can be shortened from 1–2 h to 0.5–1 h, while the position accuracy is enhanced by 15.4%, 21.6% and 19.3% on average in east, north and up component, respectively.

AN IMPROVED CLUSTER DYNAMICS MODEL FOR HYDROGEN RETENTION IN TUNGSTEN

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 1250042 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. NING ◽  
Y. G. LI ◽  
W. H. ZHOU ◽  
Z. ZENG ◽  
X. JU
Keyword(s):  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hydrogen Retention ◽  
Plasma Facing Materials ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Radiation Conditions ◽  
Reaction Processes ◽  
Better Than

An improved cluster dynamics model has been developed for studying the behaviors of hydrogen retention in tungsten under hydrogen ions irradiation. In addition to different types of objects, adopting up-to-date parameters and complex reaction processes, we newly introduce ion-induced and natural defects into our model. This improved model programmed in IRadMat2 could describe very well the depth distributions and the amounts of hydrogen retained in tungsten under different radiation conditions. The calculated results agree with the experimental ones much better than the previous model, especially for the depth-distribution of D retained in W, which imply that this model is applicable to the evolution of defects especially for low energy high flux ions irradiated on plasma-facing materials.

Research on Collision Avoidance Method of Car Anti-Head-and-Rear Based on Safe Distance Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4435-4440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Liang Sun ◽  
Xiao Kan Wang ◽  
Shou Xiang Zai
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Information Acquisition ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Safe Distance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Distance Model ◽  
Speed Change ◽  
Collision Avoidance System ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Real Time Information

The present rear-end collision accident proportion on the road increases day after day, car collision avoidance system is more and more paid attention. Analysising the existing car collision avoidance system, we propose a car anti-collision algorithm based on safe distance model in this paper. This method takes the influence factors of safety distance for main parameters which fully considers the speed change and the acceleration change of the car 1 and the car 2. It may realize real-time information acquisition and warning judgment according to the state of car 2, the car could automatic braking if necessary. VB simulation shows that the algorithm can effectively avoid collision, also automatically maintain the distance between vehicles, and lay a foundation for further research on the unmanned car.

SIMULATION PROCEDURES IN CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS: AN ALGORITHM ALTERNATIVE TO THE STANDARD RANDOM NUMBER GENERATORS

1994 ◽  
Vol 08 (19) ◽  
pp. 1163-1173
Author(s):  
ALESSANDRO CORDELLI
Keyword(s):  
Random Number ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
Vibrational Structure ◽  
Periodic Systems ◽  
Solid State Physics ◽  
Random Number Generators ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Random Hamiltonian ◽  
Better Than

Numerical simulation techniques play a very important role in solid state physics, in particular, as far as the determination of electronic and vibrational structure of non-periodic systems is concerned. The basis of these techniques is the construction of a random Hamiltonian and a random state of interest; to do that, standard congruential algorithms for the generation of pseudorandom numbers are commonly used. The aim of this paper is to propose a novel, alternative way for the generation of random operators and vectors. This technique, based on the concept of minimum correlation sequence, gives results equivalent to or better than the standard approach.

scholarly journals A Proposed Hidden Markov Model Method for Dynamic Device Pairing on Internet of Things End-Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-285
Author(s):  
Aji Gautama Putrada ◽  
Nur Ghaniaviyanto Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Markov Model ◽  
Hidden Markov Model ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Model Method ◽  
Iot Platform ◽  
High Level ◽  
Device Pairing ◽  
Better Than

Dynamic device pairing is a context-based zero-interaction method to pair end-devices in an IoT System based on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) values. But if RSSI detection is done in high level, the accuracy is troublesome due to poor sampling rates. This research proposes the Hidden Markov Model method to increase the performance of dynamic device pairing detection. This research implements an IoT system consisting an Access Point, an IoT End Device, an IoT Platform, and an IoT application and performs a comparison of two different methods to prove the concept. The results show that the precision of dynamic device pairing with HMM is better than without HMM and the value is 83,93%.

scholarly journals AN INITIATIVES-BASED FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING SMART CITY

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Mohd Adnan ◽  
Hasniyati Hamzah ◽  
Melasutra Md. Dali ◽  
Md Nasir Daud ◽  
Anuar Alias
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
City Management ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
The City ◽  
Better Than

Smart Cities have grown in prominence due to advancement in ICT and the new paradigm of sustainable city management and development. Whilst many authors have proposed guidelines and framework for Smart City implementation, less attention has been given to the assessment of Smart City performance. The mainstream Smart City assessment framework generally entails the quantitative assessment of factors, elements and initiatives categorised under the Smart City dimensions. However, this approach is problematic and impractical because it requires a large amount of different baseline data that is often at times unavailable due to various reasons. This paper describes an alternative framework for smart city assessment, one that is based on the modification of Giffmger’s to make it amenable to leaner data. The proposed assessment framework was adopted to assess the smart city performances of Seoul, Singapore, and Iskandar Malaysia which were then compared. With the use of the framework for the performance assessment, the city that has performed better than the others is able to be identified.

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