scholarly journals Mechanism Verification of Solute Diffusion into Cell Walls in Solution Impregnated Wood under Conditioning Process: Effect of Relative Humidity on Swelling and Shrinkage Behavior of Wood Impregnated with an Aqueous Solution of Polyethylene Glycol

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soichi TANAKA ◽  
Tsunehisa MIKI ◽  
Masako SEKI ◽  
Ichinori SHIGEMATSU ◽  
Kozo KANAYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
Conditioning Process ◽  
Impregnated Wood ◽  
Shrinkage Behavior

Solute diffusion into cell walls in solution-impregnated wood under conditioning process I: effect of relative humidity on solute diffusivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 543-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soichi Tanaka ◽  
Masako Seki ◽  
Tsunehisa Miki ◽  
Ichinori Shigematsu ◽  
Kozo Kanayama
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
Conditioning Process ◽  
Solute Diffusivity ◽  
Impregnated Wood

scholarly journals Influence on Wood Color of Relative Humidity in Conditioning Process of Dye-Aqueous Solution Impregnated Wood

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 767-772
Author(s):  
Soichi TANAKA ◽  
Hideaki SUGINO ◽  
Masako SEKI ◽  
Tsunehisa MIKI ◽  
Kenji UMEMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Wood Color ◽  
Conditioning Process ◽  
Impregnated Wood

Solute diffusion into cell walls in solution-impregnated wood under conditioning process II: effect of solution concentration on solute diffusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soichi Tanaka ◽  
Masako Seki ◽  
Tsunehisa Miki ◽  
Ichinori Shigematsu ◽  
Kozo Kanayama
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
Conditioning Process ◽  
Impregnated Wood

scholarly journals Effect of Solvent Evaporation Rate on Solute Diffusion into Cell Walls in Solution-Impregnated Wood under Conditioning Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soichi TANAKA ◽  
Masako SEKI ◽  
Tsunehisa MIKI ◽  
Ichinori SHIGEMATSU ◽  
Kenji UMEMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Solvent Evaporation ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Conditioning Process ◽  
Impregnated Wood

Non-cellulosic structural polysaccharides in algal cell walls I. Xylan in siphoneous green algae

1964 ◽  
Vol 160 (980) ◽  
pp. 293-313 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Transverse Section ◽  
Algal Cell ◽  
Repeat Distance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Face View ◽  
Half Turn ◽  
Parallel Arrays

The cell walls of a number of marine algae, namely species of Bryopsis, Caulerpa, Udotea, Halimeda and Penicillus and of one freshwater alga, Dichotomosiphon , are examined using both chemical and physical techniques. It is shown that, with the possible exception of Bryopsis , cellulose is completely absent and that the walls contain instead β -l,3-linked xylan as the structural polysaccharide. Bryopsis contains, in addition, a glucan which is most abundant in the outer layers of the wall and which stains like cellulose. The xylan is microfibrillar but the microfibrils are more strongly adherent than they are in cellulose, and in some species appear in the electron microscope to be joined by short crossed rod-like bodies. The orientation of the microfibrils is found to vary, ranging from a net tendency to transverse orientation through complete randomness to almost perfect longitudinal alinement. The microfibrils are negatively birefringent, so that all walls seen in optical section, and all parallel arrays of microfibrils whether in face view or in section (except strictly transverse section) are negatively birefringent. With Bryopsis , the negative birefringence in face view is overcompensated by the positive birefringence of the incrusting glucan so that the true birefringence of the crystalline polysaccharide is observed only after the glucan is removed. The X-ray diagram of parallel arrays of microfibrils as found, for instance, in Penicillus dumetosus shows that the xylan chains are helically coiled, in harmony with the negative birefringence. It is deduced that the microfibrils consist of hexagonally packed, double-stranded helices. The diameter of the helices increases with increasing relative humidity, as water is taken into the lattice, from 13.7 Å in material dried over phosphorus pentoxide to a maximum of 1.54 Å at 65 % relative humidity when the xylan contains 30 % of its weight as water. The repeat distance along the helix axis ranges from 5.85 Å (dry) to 6.06 Å (wet), the length of a half turn of each helix containing three xylose residues. The incrusting substances in these walls often include a glucan which is said also to be 1,3-linked. The significance of the extensive differences between this xylan and cellulose are examined both as regards some of the physical properties of the respective cell walls and in relation to the taxonomic position of these plants.

scholarly journals Study on Improving the Fixation Rate of Impregnated Poplar Wood with Maltodextrin and 1,3-Dimethylol-4,5-Dihydroxyethyleneurea

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 3237
Author(s):  
Mingzhen Cai ◽  
Zongying Fu ◽  
Yingchun Cai ◽  
Yue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Fixation Rate ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Wall Materials ◽  
Impregnated Wood ◽  
Cell Wall Materials

The impregnation of poplar wood (Populus adenopoda Maxim) with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea and maltodextrin and the effects of ZnCl2 and curing at 103 °C and 120 °C on the fixation rate and the leaching resistance of modified samples were investigated (103 °C curing, ZnCl2 + 103 °C curing, 120 °C curing, and ZnCl2 + 120 °C curing are denoted as 103, ZC-103, 120, and ZC-120, respectively), with the aim of improving the modification effect. The results showed that ZC-103 had the highest fixation rate, and its weight leaching ratio was higher than that of 120. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed that ZnCl2 did not affect the functional groups of the modified chemicals. The flexural strength and modulus and the compressive strength perpendicular to the grain were highest for ZC-103. In summary, ZC-103 exhibited the highest fixation rate, indicating that the hardener ZnCl2 bridged and increased the interfacial properties between the chemicals and cell walls and therefore increased the potential for macromolecule polycondensation between the chemicals and cell wall materials. This research paves the way for improving the fixation rate of impregnated wood and provides new insights into practical applications.

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