scholarly journals Preferential Orientation of .ALPHA. Phase With the Matrix of .BETA.' Single Phase in Cu-41.7%Zn Alloy.

1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (460) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu IKENO ◽  
Masaru AOKI ◽  
Kenji MATSUDA ◽  
Yasuhiro UETANI ◽  
Shizuo TADA
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Alpha Phase ◽  
Preferential Orientation ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Zn Alloy

Influence of Heat Treatments on Microstructures in an Fe-Co-V Alloy

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 512-513
Author(s):  
S. Mahajan ◽  
M. R. Pinnel ◽  
J. E. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Iced Brine ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bcc Structure

The microstructural changes in an Fe-Co-V alloy (composition by wt.%: 2.97 V, 48.70 Co, 47.34 Fe and balance impurities, such as C, P and Ni) resulting from different heat treatments have been evaluated by optical metallography and transmission electron microscopy. Results indicate that, on air cooling or quenching into iced-brine from the high temperature single phase ϒ (fcc) field, vanadium can be retained in a supersaturated solid solution (α2) which has bcc structure. For the range of cooling rates employed, a portion of the material appears to undergo the γ-α2 transformation massively and the remainder martensitically. Figure 1 shows dislocation topology in a region that may have transformed martensitically. Dislocations are homogeneously distributed throughout the matrix, and there is no evidence for cell formation. The majority of the dislocations project along the projections of <111> vectors onto the (111) plane, implying that they are predominantly of screw character.

Microstructure of Friction Stir Processed Mg-Y-Zn Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 777-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiki Morishige ◽  
Masato Tsujikawa ◽  
Sung Wook Chung ◽  
Sachio Oki ◽  
Kenji Higashi
Keyword(s):  
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Ingot Metallurgy ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Probe Diameter ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Zn Alloy

Friction stir processing (FSP) is the effective method of the grain refinement for light metals. The aim of this study is to acquire the fine grained bulk Mg-Y-Zn alloy by ingot metallurgy route much lower in cost. Such bulk alloy can be formed by the superplastic forging. The microstructure of as-cast Mg-Y-Zn alloy was dendrite. The dendrite arm spacing was 72.5 [(m], and there are the lamellar structures in it. FSP was conducted on allover the plate of Mg-Y-Zn alloy for both surfaces by the rotational tool with FSW machine. The stirring passes were shifted half of the probe diameter every execution. The dendrite structures disappeared after FSP, but the lamellar structure could be observed by TEM. The matrix became recrystallized fine grain, and interdendritic second phase particles were dispersed in the grain boundaries. By using FSP, cast Mg-Y-Zn alloy could have fine-grained. This result compared to this material produced by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) or rapid-solidified powder metallurgy (RS P/M). As the result, as-FSPed material has the higher hardness than materials produced by the other processes at the similar grain size.

scholarly journals Mechanism of the enhanced coercivity for the dual-main-phase Ce–Fe–B magnet

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Han ◽  
Hongsheng Chen ◽  
Dong Zhou ◽  
Xiaoning Shi ◽  
Jiyuan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Distribution ◽  
Exchange Coupling ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Main Phase ◽  
High Coercivity ◽  
Switching Field ◽  
First Order ◽  
Magnetic Performance ◽  
Interaction Field ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract The high coercivity of Nd–Fe–B magnets can also be obtained in the Ce–Fe–B magnets fabricated via the dual-main-phase (DMP) method in which the high abundance Ce was used to substitute Nd(Pr). The inhomogeneous distributions of the matrix grains in the DMP magnet play a key role in the enhanced magnetic performance. Compared with the single-phase magnet, more grain boundary phases encapsulating the matrix 2:14:1 grain are formed in the DMP magnet, which reduce the exchange coupling between adjacent magnetic grains. The switching field distribution and the interaction field distribution of the Ce–Fe–B magnets were determined by the first-order-reversal curves (FORC). The switching field peaks around 6 kOe, 11 kOe and 12 kOe in the FORC distribution indicate that three major reversal components coexist for the DMP magnet. The overlapp of the second and third switching field peaks reveals the presence of a pinning interaction within individual magnetic grains with a core–shell structure, which further improve the coercivity of the magnet.

scholarly journals Methods of Modulation for Current-Source Single-Phase Isolated Matrix Converter in a Grid-Connected Battery Application

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3845
Author(s):  
Goh Teck Chiang ◽  
Takahide Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Matrix Converter ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Grid Current ◽  
Circuit Structure ◽  
Power Decoupling ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Battery Application

This paper discusses three methods of modulation for a single-phase isolated matrix converter. The matrix converter is combined with a transformer integration to perform power decoupling control in order to reduce the number of component and capacitor volumes. Due to the reason of (i) Alternating current (AC/AC) direct conversion and (ii) transformer integration, obtaining a clean sinusoidal grid current waveform in the modulation of matrix converter (MC) is important. Three methods of modulation are compared in terms of control complexity, quality waveform, and inductive-capacitive-inductive (LCL) filter sizing. The principal control of each method is described. Finally, a prototype was tested to verify the validity and the effectiveness of grid current control and power decoupling in the spoken circuit structure.

Preparation and Properties of Low-Temperature Sintered SrBi4Ti4O15/Ag Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Huang ◽  
Ting Xian Xu ◽  
Feng Hou ◽  
Qiang Zou
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Dielectric Measurement ◽  
Layered Perovskite ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
Ag Particles ◽  
The Matrix

Strontium bismuth titanate (SBTi) matrix composites containing Ag particles were synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The SBTi/Ag composites have been characterized by various techniques: x-ray diffraction, optical metallurgical microscope, scanning electron microscope and dielectric measurement. It is found that Ag doping significantly affect the physical properties of composites. By adding Ag particles to the SBTi matrix, the single-phase layered perovskite structure of the matrix is preserved and the sintering temperature of the system decrease from 1120°C of the single-phase SBTi to 950°C of the SBTi/Ag composites. With the increase of sintering temperature, the size of silver particles increase, but the SBTi grains have no significant growth. The SBTi/Ag composites show a significant change of the dielectric constant. By increasing Ag content, a gradual increase of the dielectric constant is observed and the dielectric loss of the SBTi/Ag composites remain unchanged when the temperature rangers from room temperature to 200°C, however, the Curie peak of dielectric constant is repressed, which has been interpreted based on the effective dielectric fields developed around conducting phases and the inhibition effect of nonferroelectric secondary phase to electro-strain.

HRTEM Observation of α-Phase in Cu-Zn Alloy Annealed at Lower Temperature

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 1279-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Kato ◽  
Daisuke Hamatani ◽  
Kenji Matsuda ◽  
Tokimasa Kawabata ◽  
Yasuhiro Uetani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hrtem Observation ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Zn Alloy

It is known that the phase-decomposition process of 60/40 Cu-Zn alloy is so-called the bainitic transformation, and decomposition of α-phase from the β’-phase is as follow: β’ → α9R → αfcc. In this work,decomposition of α-phase from the β’ single phase of Cu-40.26at.%Zn alloy has been investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) to understand the phase transformation of this alloy. Especially, striations in the α-phase has been focused on the special feature for the change of the structure and hardening of this alloy during annealing. The result of a comparison between this alloy and the Si added alloy is also reported.

Study on a Method of Single – Phase Grounding Fault Locating for Hybrid Transmission Line

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 1075-1080
Author(s):  
Li Gao ◽  
Hong Chun Shu
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Fault Location ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Discontinuity Point ◽  
Wave Impedance ◽  
Matrix Algorithm ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Hybrid Transmission

It is difficult to achieve precise fault location for hybrid transmission line of distribution network, because it has wave impedance discontinuity point. Section location is the premises of precise location. On the basis of others’ research results, the matrix algorithm of distribution network single-phase ground fault section location is improved in the paper. It makes the sparse degree of matrix is higher, computation is less. An algorithm of recovery the network topology only based on the fault description matrix is suggested when the visualization data of a line network topology is loss or the operating is in the non-visual condition. The method is applied to revise fault description matrix, so that the matrix algorithm has some fault-tolerance. The applicability and validity of the improved algorithm was verified by an illustration. The method realizes the fault section location, and the subsequent accurate fault location is presented in this paper.

Cu-In and Cu-Zn-Sn Films as Precursors for Production of CuInSe2 and Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films

2009 ◽  
Vol 1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Volobujeva ◽  
Enn Mellikov ◽  
Jaan Raudoja ◽  
Sergei Bereznev ◽  
Maris Pilvet
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Alloy Layer ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cu Films ◽  
Island Type ◽  
Matrix Layer ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Metal Layers ◽  
Crystalline Matrix

AbstractThe co-sputtered Cu-In precursor layers were characterized by bi-layer surface structure in which island-type crystals were formed in a small-crystalline matrix layer. The elemental composition of the island-type crystals corresponds to the compound CuIn2 and the matrix (area) consists of copper-rich Cu11In9 phase. The surface morphology of sequentially evaporated Cu-Zn-Sn precursor layers is determined by the deposition order of stacked consistent metal layers. Precursor Mo-Sn-Zn-Cu films exhibit a well-formed “mesa-like” structure of the surface in which larger crystals (about 1,5 μm) are located on a “small-crystalline” valley. For films with other sequences of metallic layers, the mesa like structure is not so well exposed and well formed flat precursor layers were produced replacing separate metallic Cu and Sn layers with Cu/Sn alloy layer. Selenization of both Cu-In and Cu-Zn-Sn precursor layers begins with the formation of binary Cu-selenides with compositions varying with the temperature. At temperatures higher than 3700C the selenization of Cu-In results in single-phase CuInSe2 films in contrast to the selenization of Sn-Zn-Cu films that results always in multi-phase films consisting of high quality Cu2ZnSnSe4 crystals and of separate small-crystalline phase of ZnSe.

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Ti-Nb Alloy at Different Composition of Nb Produced via Powder Metallurgy Route

2016 ◽  
Vol 863 ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazyan Yahaya ◽  
Salhana Sahidin@Salehudin ◽  
Maheran Sulaiman ◽  
Nur Hidayatul Nadhirah Elmi Azham Shah ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Beta Phase ◽  
Alpha Phase ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Phase Region ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Nb Content ◽  
Ti Powder

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of phase formation to the mechanical strength of Ti-Nb alloy produced by powder metallurgy (PM) process. Niobium (Nb) powder was added to the elemental titanium (Ti) powder by wt%, cold-compacted and sintered at 1200°C. The samples were characterized in term of shape and sizes of the particle, phases present, microstructures and compressive strength. XRD pattern showed that increasing Nb content resulted in increased beta-phases which also evidenced by a greater fraction of light gray-scale image in back-scattered SEM analysis. The alpha phase region almost eliminated in the 35 wt% Nb. The lowest compressive strength was observed in 45 wt% Nb is due to partly crystallized region in the microstructure observed. The alloy containing 35 wt% Nb exhibited better beta-phase structures in the matrix. The Young’s modulus of 13.46±2.44 GPa were obtained from 45 wt% Nb addition in the Ti alloy. All sintered samples are potential candidates for implant applications.

Role of Heat Treatment in Magnetic Properties of Fe-Co-Ni-Al-Cu-Ti Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 510-511 ◽  
pp. 394-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Imran ◽  
M.S. Awan ◽  
M.N. Sarwar ◽  
S. Akhtar ◽  
M. Farooque
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Alloy Casting ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Metallurgical Structure

Anisotropic (Fe-24Co-15Ni-7.5Al-3Cu-0.3Ti) permanent magnets were prepared by alloy casting technique. Samples were characterized for structural, microstructural and magnetic properties using x-ray diffractrometer (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) equiped with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer and DC magnetometer. There is a relation between metallurgical structure and magnetic properties. The magnetic properties of this type of alloy depend on heat-treatment that is controlling the cooling rate in the presence of magnetic field and double aging. How magnetic properties vary with heat treatment is discussed in this work. XRD studied revealed that the alloy was single phase (bcc) with (110) as the major crystallographic plane. Optical and SEM micrographs showed the presence of (Ti,S)-rich precipitates which are randomly distributed in the matrix. Their composition was analyzed by EDX analysis.

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