Eating Disorders: Relations with Inconsistent Discipline, Anxiety, and Drinking among College Women

2002 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Thomson Ross ◽  
Jessica L. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
College Women ◽  
Inconsistent Parenting ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Retrospective Reports ◽  
Inconsistent Discipline ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Time Eating

Since as many as 20% of all college women report symptoms of eating disorders, the present study examined the relationship between self-reported eating disorder symptoms, anxiety, drinking, and retrospective reports of inconsistent parenting during childhood. 101 college women, 85% Euro-Americans of mean age 19 yr., completed an anonymous survey including questions from the Eating Disorder Index-1, the Retrospective Family Unpredictability Scale, the Trait Anxiety Scale, and measures of drinking in the previous month. Eating disorder symptoms correlated with self-reported drinking quantity, anxiety, and retrospective ratings of inconsistent discipline. This appears to be the first time eating disorder symptoms have been associated with inconsistent discipline. Implications for etiology and treatment of eating disorders are discussed.

Relationships Among Childhood Maltreatment, Limbic System Dysfunction, and Eating Disorders in College Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052091259
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Mercurio ◽  
Fang Hong ◽  
Carolyn Amir ◽  
Amanda R. Tarullo ◽  
Anna Samkavitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
College Women ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms

The mechanisms linking childhood maltreatment and eating pathology are not fully understood. We examined the mediating role of limbic system dysfunction in the relationships between three forms of childhood maltreatment (parental psychological maltreatment, parental physical maltreatment, and parental emotional neglect) and eating disorder symptoms. A convenience sample of college women ( N = 246, M age = 19.62, SD = 2.41) completed measures of maltreatment (Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales and the Parental Bonding Instrument), limbic system dysfunction (Limbic System Questionnaire), and eating pathology (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire). We hypothesized that there would be an indirect effect of each type of childhood maltreatment on eating disorder symptoms via limbic system irritability. Results generally supported the hypotheses. Examination of the individual paths that defined the indirect effect indicated that higher reported childhood maltreatment was associated with greater limbic irritability symptoms, and higher limbic irritability symptomatology was related to higher total eating disorder scores. There were no significant direct effects for any of the proposed models. Findings are in line with research supporting the role of limbic system dysfunction as a possible pathway in the maltreatment-eating disorder link. Given that limbic system dysfunction may underlie behavioral symptoms of eating disorders, efforts targeting limbic system dysfunction associated with child maltreatment might best be undertaken at an early developmental stage, although interventions for college women struggling with eating disorders are also crucial.

scholarly journals A kötődési jellemzők és multiimpulzív tünetek kapcsolata evészavarokban

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (27) ◽  
pp. 1058-1066
Author(s):  
Tamás Dömötör Szalai
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Paternal Care ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Distinct Subgroup ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Introduction: Attachment dysfunctions determine borderline personality disorder, which is a frequent background factor of multi-impulsivity; however, the relationship between attachment and multi-impulsive eating disorders is almost unexplored. Aim: To compare attachment features of multi-impulsive and classical eating disorder patients with individuals without eating disorders, and to test attachment as a predictor of multi-impulsivity. Method: A cross-sectional survey (148 females, mean age: 30.9 years) investigated maternal, paternal and adult attachment, depression, anxiety, eating disorder and multi-impulsive symptoms in these groups. Results: Altogether 41.3% of the individuals without eating disorders, 17.6% of classical and 11.8% of multi-impulsive eating disorder patients had secure attachment. Multi-impulsive patients had the most severe eating disorder symptoms (F(2) = 17.733) and the lowest paternal care (F(2) = 3.443). Preoccupied and fearful attachment explained 14.5% of multi-impulsive symptoms; however, with adjustment for depression only latter one remained the predictor of multi-impulsivity (t = 5.166, p<0.01). Conclusion: Multi-impulsives are a distinct subgroup of eating disorder patients from the aspects of both symptoms and attachment. Handling their negative moods may hold therapeutic potentials. Longitudinal studies are required to investigate the therapeutic value of paternal care, attachment preoccupation and fearfulness. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(27): 1058–1066.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Body Dissatisfaction and Eating Disorder Symptoms in Young Women Aspiring Fashion Models: The Mediating Role of Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-615
Author(s):  
Sabrina Castellano ◽  
Agostino Rizzotto ◽  
Sergio Neri ◽  
Walter Currenti ◽  
Claudia Savia Guerrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Fashion Models ◽  
The Relationship

It is widely recognized that body dissatisfaction is an important public health concern. In the past, being a fashion model was almost synonymous with anorexia/bulimia, and even today, there are cases of eating disorders in young women whose ambition is to become a top model. Moreover, stress can play a substantial role within ill health via related behaviors such as smoking, substance abuse, and inappropriate eating. In our study, we examined 112 aspiring fashion models aged between 15 and 24 years (M = 19.5, SD = 2.08) from 32 different countries of the world during an international contest, and 100 students (control group), aged between 16 and 22 years (M = 18.6, SD = 1.39). The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether stress mediated the relationship between body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. The study included the administration of stress and self-efficacy and the locus of control dimensions, body (image) dissatisfaction, and eating attitude disorder. Results indicated higher scores on body dissatisfaction, stress level, and eating attitudes disorder among the group of fashion models compared to the control. Mediational analyses showed that body dissatisfaction was partially mediated by stress level on eating disorders. Especially in the aspiring fashion models, there are often many possibilities that competitive stress causes candidates to exacerbate attempts to maintain their body weight below normal weight/height parameters. These results indicated that appropriate intervention for the management of stress level could possibly defend against the negative impact of body dissatisfaction on eating disorder symptoms. The presence of skilled health workers in the field of nutrition and psychology can be extremely important in the field of fashion to maintain an adequate quality of life.

scholarly journals Parental and Adult Attachment and Eating Symptomology in Eating Disorder Patients and Sine Morbo Individuals

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Dömötör Szalai ◽  
Edit Czeglédi M.A.
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship

Attachment can contribute to eating disorder symptomology through various paths, including emotion regulation. However, the relationship between parental and adult attachment and emotional eating and other eating disorder symptoms have been barely investigated on comparative samples. This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based online survey aimed to assess the relationship between parental and adult attachment qualities with the eating behavior severity, emotional eating, and the level of depression in 67 female anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder patients, compared to 67 female sine morbo individuals. Eating disorder patients less frequently had secure attachment, and were more often fearful or preoccupied than sine morbo individuals. In sine morbo individuals lower adult attachment security, but in patients, lower parental care was related to eating disorder symptoms. In sine morbo individuals, higher preoccupation, but in patients, higher fearfulness and lower care was related to emotional eating. Lower attachment security (OR = 0.54), younger age (OR = 0.93) and higher depression (OR = 1.04) explained 36.6% of the variance of diagnosed eating disorders. A complex interplay could be highlighted between dysfunctional attachment dimensions and eating symptomology in both groups—but with different patterns. Perceived parental care may be influential for eating disorder patients, whilst the degree of adult attachment security can be influential for sine morbo individuals. Lower attachment security was a predictor of eating disorders, which suggests the protective value of enhancing attachment security. However, further attachment-based interventions are required.

Sexual Assault Victimization and Eating Disorders Among College-enrolled Men

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052095863
Author(s):  
Kyle T. Ganson ◽  
Rachel F. Rodgers ◽  
Sarah K. Lipson ◽  
Tamara J. Cadet ◽  
Michelle Putnam
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Sexual Minority Men ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Minority Men ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Sexual assault victimization and eating disorder rates are high among college populations and have significant psychological, physiological, and social outcomes. Previous research has found a positive relationship between experiences of sexual assault and eating disorder symptoms; however, these analyses have primarily focused on female students. Using data from the 2017-2018 Healthy Minds Study, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between experiencing a sexual assault within the previous 12 months and screening positive for an eating disorder among cisgender college-enrolled men. It was hypothesized that college-enrolled men who report experiencing a sexual assault within the previous 12 months would be more likely to screen positive for an eating disorder. Analyses were conducted using a sample of 14,964 cisgender college-enrolled men. Among the sample, nearly 4% reported a sexual assault within the previous 12 months and nearly 16% screened positive for an eating disorder. Results from logistic regression analyses indicated that college-enrolled men who reported experiencing a sexual assault in the previous 12 months, compared to those who did not, had significantly greater odds of screening positive for an eating disorder (OR = 1.40, p < .01). Analyses also indicated that college-enrolled men who identified as gay, queer, questioning, or other sexual orientation and reported experiencing a sexual assault in the previous 12 months had greater odds of screening positive for an eating disorder (OR = 2.50, p < .001) compared to their heterosexual peers who did not experience a sexual assault in the previous 12 months. These results indicate that eating disorders may be a negative outcome among college-enrolled men who have experienced a sexual assault, particularly among sexual minority men. Thus, mental health professionals need to be adequately prepared to treat the underserved population of men who experience an eating disorder and who have experienced sexual assault.

scholarly journals The mediating role of mentalizing between attachment and eating disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iratxe Redondo ◽  
Patrick Luyten
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the study was to investigate whether mindfulness mediated the relationship between attachment and eating disorders in a sample of 323 female university students and 38 anorexic inpatients using structural equation modeling. All insecure attachment subscales were positively related to eating disorder symptoms and negatively to mindfulness. Furthermore, mindfulness scores were negatively associated with eating disorder symptoms. Mediation analyses showed that the relationship between all the insecure attachment subscales and eating disorders was partially mediated by the mindfulness effects. These results are in line with Bateman and Fonagy's (2004a, 2004b) theory that implies a mediating role of mindfulness used as a proxy for mentalizing between attachment and psychopathology. Further research is needed, however, to replicate these findings.

The Renfrew Unified Treatment for Eating Disorders and Comorbidity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Thompson-Brenner ◽  
Melanie Smith ◽  
Gayle E. Brooks ◽  
Rebecca Berman ◽  
Angela Kaloudis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Unified Protocol ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
The Relationship

This treatment is designed to address eating disorders along with other emotional problems that individuals with eating disorders also commonly experience. Eating disorders are related to emotional functioning in many important ways. First, negative emotions—and the desire to avoid or control negative emotions—have been shown repeatedly to be related to the development of eating disorders, as well as most other emotional disorders, for many people. Depression and anxiety are known risk factors for the development of an eating disorder. Research also shows that emotional events—such as feeling sadness, feeling anxiety, or feeling stress—are often the immediate triggers for eating disorder symptoms. Furthermore, having an eating disorder is a difficult emotional experience, and many people develop depression and anxiety in reaction to their eating disorder symptoms. Therefore, emotions often create the context in which eating disorders develop, emotions are a part of what drives eating disorder symptoms on a daily level, and emotional experience become worse as a result of having an eating disorder. This Unified Treatment (UT) manual, like the Unified Protocol (UP) manual, is cohesive, with a continuous focus on the relationship between the interventions/concepts included in each module and the overall goal of reducing emotion avoidance and promoting emotion regulation.

Ascertaining an efficient eligibility cut-off for extended Medicare items for eating disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 103985622110286
Author(s):  
Tracey Wade ◽  
Jamie-Lee Pennesi ◽  
Yuan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
True Positive Rate ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Currently eligibility for expanded Medicare items for eating disorders (excluding anorexia nervosa) require a score ⩾ 3 on the 22-item Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q). We compared these EDE-Q “cases” with continuous scores on a validated 7-item version of the EDE-Q (EDE-Q7) to identify an EDE-Q7 cut-off commensurate to 3 on the EDE-Q. Methods: We utilised EDE-Q scores of female university students ( N = 337) at risk of developing an eating disorder. We used a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess the relationship between the true-positive rate (sensitivity) and the false-positive rate (1-specificity) of cases ⩾ 3. Results: The area under the curve showed outstanding discrimination of 0.94 (95% CI: .92–.97). We examined two specific cut-off points on the EDE-Q7, which included 100% and 87% of true cases, respectively. Conclusion: Given the EDE-Q cut-off for Medicare is used in conjunction with other criteria, we suggest using the more permissive EDE-Q7 cut-off (⩾2.5) to replace use of the EDE-Q cut-off (⩾3) in eligibility assessments.

The Welsh Eating Disorder Service Review 2018, Scottish Eating Disorder Service Review 2021 and recommendations of best practice in comorbid eating disorders and diabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452110138
Author(s):  
Jacinta Tan ◽  
Gemma Johns
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Service Development ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Scottish Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Service Change

Background: Diabetes and eating disorders are frequently comorbid. This particular comorbidity is not only often poorly recognised, but is difficult to treat and has a high mortality. Method: In this article, we will briefly review the relationship between diabetes and eating disorders. We will review the current NICE and other guidance and reports concerning both diabetes and eating disorders in the United Kingdom. We will then describe the recommendations of the 2018 Welsh Government Eating Disorder Service Review and the 2021 the Scottish Government Eating Disorder Service Review regarding diabetes and eating disorders, which will lead to service change. Conclusions: We conclude that this is a relatively underdeveloped but important area where there needs to be further service development and more collaboration between diabetes and eating disorder services.

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