Self-Concepts of Young Nigerian Adolescents

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Olukayode Jegede ◽  
E. Afolabi Bamgboye
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Seventh Grade ◽  
Intellectual Maturity

A longitudinal study of 375 boys and 380 girls just beginning the seventh grade was started in November 1977. The sample, whose mean age was 13.06 yr. ( SD = 1.66), was representative of seventh grade students in Oyo State, one of the 19 states in Nigeria. Health, height, onset of menarche in girls, intellectual maturity, and certain social factors were most closely associated with self-concepts.

scholarly journals Do social factors mediate or moderate the sensory-cognitive associations in older adults in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Hämäläinen ◽  
Natalie Phillips ◽  
Walter Wittich ◽  
Paul Mick ◽  
M Kathleen Pichora-Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related

Sensory and cognitive function both tend to decline with increasing age. Sensory impairments are risk factors for age-related cognitive decline and dementia. One hypothesis about sensory-cognitive associations is that sensory loss results in social isolation which, in turn, is a risk factor for cognitive decline. We tested whether social factors are associated with cognitive and sensory function, and whether sensory-cognitive associations are mediated or moderated by social factors. We used cross-sectional data from 30,029 participants in the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging, aged 45-85 years, who had no reported cognitive impairment or diagnosis of dementia. We found strong independent associations of self-reported social variables with hearing (pure-tone audiometry), vision (pinhole-corrected visual acuity), and executive function and weaker associations with memory. The moderating and mediating effects of social variables on sensory-cognitive associations were weak and mostly non-significant, but social factors could be slightly more important for females and older people. Partial retirement (relative to full retirement or not being retired) may have protective effects on cognition in the presence of hearing loss. These findings confirm the association between social factors and sensory and cognitive measures. However, support is weak for the hypothesis that social factors shape sensory-cognitive associations.

scholarly journals Entrepreneursheep and context: when entrepreneurship is greater than entrepreneurs

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Gaddefors ◽  
Alistair R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurship Theory ◽  
Context Shapes ◽  
Empirical Material

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain how context shapes what becomes entrepreneurial. Design/methodology/approach The paper is part of a longitudinal study over ten years, an ethnographic work including interviews, participating in meetings and shadowing. Texts and voices boiled down to transcripts and notes were sorted in NVivo. The empirical material was presented as a simple, short story, with the aim to question established assumptions and relations. The paper propose context as the unit for analysis, instead of entrepreneurs and outcomes. This opened up the scale from a narrow individualism to a much broader appreciation of the entrepreneurship as shaped by social factors. Findings The paper provides insights about how context determines entrepreneurship. It is not simply the context in itself, but the things that are going on in the context. What entrepreneurship does is to connect and thus create a raft of changes. The paper suggests that to depart from context as the unit of analysis will avoid the objectification of entrepreneurship and open up for discussing the becoming of entrepreneurship. The case illustrates how entrepreneurship is an event in a flow of changing circumstances. Entrepreneurship is formed from the context itself, rather than being individual or social; entrepreneurship appears simultaneously to be both. Entrepreneurship can and does exist in multiple states regardless of the observer and the observation. Originality/value This paper fulfils an identified need to learn more about how entrepreneurship and context interact. It illustrates how context is more engaged in the entrepreneurial process than entrepreneurship theory acknowledges.

scholarly journals Social factors in childhood and risk of depressive symptoms among adolescents-a longitudinal study in Sweden

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Wirback ◽  
J Möller ◽  
J-O Larsson ◽  
R Galanti ◽  
K Engström
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Factors

scholarly journals The art of life and death: 14 year follow-up analyses of associations between arts engagement and mortality in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

BMJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. l6377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Fancourt ◽  
Andrew Steptoe
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Arts Engagement ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

AbstractObjectiveTo explore associations between different frequencies of arts engagement and mortality over a 14 year follow-up period.DesignProspective cohort study.ParticipantsEnglish Longitudinal Study of Ageing cohort of 6710 community dwelling adults aged 50 years and older (53.6% women, average age 65.9 years, standard deviation 9.4) who provided baseline data in 2004-05.InterventionSelf reported receptive arts engagement (going to museums, art galleries, exhibitions, the theatre, concerts, or the opera).MeasurementMortality measured through data linkage to the National Health Service central register.ResultsPeople who engaged with receptive arts activities on an infrequent basis (once or twice a year) had a 14% lower risk of dying at any point during the follow-up (809/3042 deaths, hazard ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.77 to 0.96) compared with those who never engaged (837/1762 deaths). People who engaged with receptive arts activities on a frequent basis (every few months or more) had a 31% lower risk of dying (355/1906 deaths, 0.69, 0.59 to 0.80), independent of demographic, socioeconomic, health related, behavioural, and social factors. Results were robust to a range of sensitivity analyses with no evidence of moderation by sex, socioeconomic status, or social factors. This study was observational and so causality cannot be assumed.ConclusionsReceptive arts engagement could have a protective association with longevity in older adults. This association might be partly explained by differences in cognition, mental health, and physical activity among those who do and do not engage in the arts, but remains even when the model is adjusted for these factors.

Development in multiple areas of life in adolescence

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 704-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Tetzner ◽  
Michael Becker ◽  
Kai Maaz
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Peer Acceptance ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Seventh Grade ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Insight Into

This study examined interrelations between three indicators of main challenges during adolescence: academic achievement, self-perceived peer acceptance, and self-esteem. An additional aim was to investigate whether the findings hold for girls and boys and across school types (academically oriented track vs. non-academically oriented track). We used a large German longitudinal study ( N = 7,977; mean age at t1= 13.5 years) with three measurement points over a period of four years (start of seventh grade, end of seventh grade, end of tenth grade). Cross-lagged panel and multi-group models revealed seven main findings: (1) We found general positive associations between academic achievement, perceived peer acceptance, and self-esteem. (2) Higher academic achievement predicted higher self-esteem, but not vice versa. (3) Self-esteem and peer acceptance showed mutual associations, but only in older adolescents between the end of seventh and end of tenth grades. (4) Peer acceptance slightly predicted lower levels of academic achievement in students on the non-academically oriented track. (5) The results held for both girls and boys, but (6) changed over the course of adolescence and (7) differed between school types. Taken together, our findings offer comprehensive insight into the relations between salient developmental tasks in adolescence.

scholarly journals Social factors in childhood and risk of depressive symptoms among adolescents - a longitudinal study in Stockholm, Sweden

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese Wirback ◽  
Jette Möller ◽  
Jan-Olov Larsson ◽  
Maria Rosaria Galanti ◽  
Karin Engström
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Factors

A Longitudinal Study of Psychological and Social Factors Affecting Recovery from Psychiatric Breakdowns

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Oatley ◽  
Christina Perring
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
First Interview

Thirty-five people who had suffered a recent onset of symptoms of depression and/or anxiety were interviewed soon after being seen by a clinician, and again six months later. Symptom scores at the second interview were predicted by whether any plans subjects had formed by the first interview had gone wrong, by major non-health difficulties, and by internal, stable and global attributions made at the first interview about the event or difficulty that was most distressing before symptoms became severe.

A Longitudinal Study of Intellectual Maturity in Nigerian Children

1982 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-300
Author(s):  
R. Olukayode Jegede ◽  
E. Afolabi Bamgboye
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Nigerian Children ◽  
Intellectual Maturity
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