Relation of Maximal Ankle Dorsiflexion Angle and Passive Resistive Torque to Passive-Elastic Stiffness of Ankle Dorsiflexion Stretch

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Gajdosik ◽  
Ann K. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Elastic Stiffness ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Ankle Stiffness ◽  
Resistive Torque ◽  
Clinical Measurements

The maximal passive ankle dorsiflexion angle and the maximal passive resistive torque at this angle were measured for 81 women 20 to 84 years of age and correlated with the passive-elastic stiffness (stiffness) of an ankle dorsiflexion stretch. Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analyses were used to examine whether the two clinical measurements could predict ankle stiffness. The maximal passive resistive torque showed a moderate correlation with stiffness in the full stretch range ( r = .69) and high correlation with stiffness in the last half of the full stretch range ( r = .84). The maximal dorsiflexion angle showed a low correlation with stiffness in the full stretch range ( r = .27) and in the last half of the full stretch range ( r = .36). The maximal passive resistive torque and the dorsiflexion angle together accounted for 54% of the stiffness variance in the full stretch range and 76% of the stiffness variance in the last half of the full stretch range. Thus, the clinical measurements of the maximal passive dorsiflexion angle and the maximal passive resistive torque were directly and significantly related to the ankle dorsiflexion passive-elastic stiffness and good predictors of stiffness in the last half of the passive ankle dorsiflexion stretch.

Reliability of the Minimum Masking Level as Outcome Variable in Tinnitus Clinical Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-435
Author(s):  
Patricia C. Mancini ◽  
Richard S. Tyler ◽  
Hyung Jin Jun ◽  
Tang-Chuan Wang ◽  
Helena Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Trained Subjects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Minimum Intensity

Purpose The minimum masking level (MML) is the minimum intensity of a stimulus required to just totally mask the tinnitus. Treatments aimed at reducing the tinnitus itself should attempt to measure the magnitude of the tinnitus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the MML. Method Sample consisted of 59 tinnitus patients who reported stable tinnitus. We obtained MML measures on two visits, separated by about 2–3 weeks. We used two noise types: speech-shaped noise and high-frequency emphasis noise. We also investigated the relationship between the MML and tinnitus loudness estimates and the Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire (THQ). Results There were differences across the different noise types. The within-session standard deviation averaged across subjects varied between 1.3 and 1.8 dB. Across the two sessions, the Pearson correlation coefficients, range was r = .84. There was a weak relationship between the dB SL MML and loudness, and between the MML and the THQ. A moderate correlation ( r = .44) was found between the THQ and loudness estimates. Conclusions We conclude that the dB SL MML can be a reliable estimate of tinnitus magnitude, with expected standard deviations in trained subjects of about 1.5 dB. It appears that the dB SL MML and loudness estimates are not closely related.

Correlations Between Two Plaque Indices in Assessment of Toothbrush Effectiveness

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
MaryAnn Cugini ◽  
Maureen Thompson ◽  
Paul R. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Plaque Removal ◽  
Minimum Score ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Clinical Measurements ◽  
Study Designs

Abstract Background The Rustogi et al. Modified Navy (RMNPI) and Turesky et al Modification of the Quigley Hein (TQHPI) plaque indices are commonly used to measure plaque removal. This study evaluated the possible correlations of both indices using data relative to a single use assessment of plaque removal using commercially available toothbrushes. Methods Single use crossover study designs have been previously reported. Disclosed plaque was scored pre- and post-brushing using both the RMNPI and the TQHPI. Sixty subjects, with an initial mean RMNPI score of 0.6 or greater, were enrolled and completed the study. No minimum score was required for TQHPI. After the initial scoring, the order for each index was randomized so that each subject was scored with either RMNPI followed by TQHPI or vice versa. Two manual toothbrushes [Oral-B® CrossAction® (CA) and Colgate® Navigator. (NA)] and one battery-powered brush (Crest® SpinBrush. Pro) (SBP) were evaluated in the trial. One examiner performed all clinical measurements. Pearson correlations were performed on whole mouth, buccal, and lingual plaque scores for the CA toothbrush. Results Strong positive correlations were found between the two plaque indices for pre- and post-brushing scores for the whole mouth and on lingual and buccal surfaces, where Pearson correlation coefficients ranged between 0.963 and 0.995. There was no correlation between the pre-brushing plaque score and the amount of plaque removed by brushing indicating that higher plaque levels before brushing do not necessarily predict that greater amounts of plaque will be removed during toothbrushing. Each toothbrush was found to be safe and significantly reduced plaque levels after a single brushing (t-test, p=0.0001). Significantly greater plaque reductions were found with the CA than the NA and SBP toothbrushes at whole mouth, lingual, and approximal surfaces for both indices (analysis of variance (ANOVA), p . 0.0002 for all comparisons). Conclusions Strong positive correlations were found between two plaque indices (the RMNPI and TQHPI) for pre- and post-brushing scores at whole mouth, lingual, and buccal surfaces as assessed using data from a single use assessment of plaque removal. Efficacy data from this study demonstrated the CA toothbrush provided superior cleaning when compared to the NA manual toothbrush and SBP battery toothbrush. Clinical Implications Two commonly used indices for assessing plaque removal in clinical studies are RMNPI and TQHPI. However, each index differs in the way plaque is scored. This study used both indices to assess comparative toothbrush efficacy and showed a strong correlation between indices for both pre- and postbrushing plaque scores. The result suggests that both indices demonstrate sufficient sensitivity to differentiate toothbrush efficacy. Citation Cugini M, Thompson M, Warren PR. Correlations Between Two Plaque Indices in Assessment of Toothbrush Effectiveness. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 November;(7)5:001-009.

A 3D-reconstruction-based study on the ocular volume of Chinese children with high myopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Jiang ◽  
Hongwei Deng ◽  
Junlong Ke ◽  
Fanyin Wang ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Total Curvature ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Posterior Scleral Reinforcement ◽  
Correct Estimation

Abstract Background: Highly myopic eyes differ in morphology from emmetropic eyes, and the correct estimation of the vitreous volume is difficult. To explore an effective method to estimate ocular volume using refractive factors in children.Methods: This is a retrospective study of children with high myopia who visited the Shenzhen Shekou People's Hospital (July-December 2018) before undergoing posterior scleral reinforcement surgery. Data on refractive factors and ocular 3D reconstruction imaging based on high-end CT were collected for linear correlation and linear regression analyses.Results: Ten patients (20 eyes) were included. There are nine males and one female. They were 4 to 12 years of age. The spherical equivalent ranges from +0.25 to -20.00 D. The cylindrical equivalent ranges from -0.50 to -6.25 D. The axial length ranges from 21.78 to 33.90 mm. The corneal curvature (mean) ranges from 42.44 to 46.75. The 3D reconstruction of the CT images shows that the ocular volume ranges from 4.591 to 10.988 ml. The ocular volume of the 20 eyes decreases with the increase of diopter and total curvature, both presenting a linear trend, with the Pearson correlation coefficients being -0.776 (P<0.001) and -0.633 (P=0.003), respectively. The ocular volume of the 20 eyes increases with the increasing axial length, also presenting a linear trend, with the Pearson correlation coefficient being 0.939 (P<0.001).Conclusions: In children, the ocular volume is negatively and linearly correlated with the diopter and curvature, and positively and linearly correlated with the axial length.

scholarly journals Organizational Culture, Awareness, and Nursing Practice of Infection Control among Nurses in the Emergency Departments

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
Mi Young Lee ◽  
Jin-Hee Park
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hospital Data

Purpose: Hospital-acquired infections, common in developing countries, are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. This study was done to examine the effects of organizational culture and awareness of infection control on nursing practice of infection control by nurses working in emergency departments.Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted with 135 nurses from the emergency department of a hospital. Data were collected from December 23, 2019, to January 14, 2020, using a structured questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 18.0.Results: The mean score of organizational culture, awareness, nursing practice of infection control were 5.56±0.78 out of 7, 4.66±0.36 out of 5 and 4.51±0.38 out of 5, respectively. The multiple regression analysis demonstrated that awareness and organizational culture of infection control accounted for 43% of the nursing practice of infection control.Conclusion: Study findings showed that there is a significant correlation between organizational culture, awareness, and nursing practice of infection control in the emergency department. Therefore, to improve nursing practices infection control in the emergency department, efforts should be made to promote infection control by developing education programs that can improve infection control awareness as well as strategies for a positive organizational culture.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of the INFOOT Three-dimensional Foot Digitizer for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie De Mits ◽  
Pascal Coorevits ◽  
Dirk De Clercq ◽  
Dirk Elewaut ◽  
James Woodburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Detectable Difference ◽  
Smallest Detectable Difference ◽  
Clinical Measurements

Background: Abnormal foot posture and deformities are identified as important features in rheumatoid arthritis. There is still no consensus regarding the optimum technique(s) for quantifying these features; hence, a foot digitizer might be used as an objective measurement tool. We sought to assess the validity and reliability of the INFOOT digitizer. Methods: To investigate the validity of the INFOOT digitizer compared with clinical measurements, we calculated Pearson correlation coefficients. To investigate the reliability of the INFOOT digitizer, we calculated intraclass correlation coefficients, SEMs, smallest detectable differences, and smallest detectable difference percentages. Results: Most of the 38 parameters showed good intraclass correlation coefficients, with values greater than 0.9 for 30 parameters and greater than 0.8 for seven parameters. The left heel bone angle expressed a moderate correlation, with a value of 0.609. The SEM values varied between 0.31 and 3.51 mm for the length and width measures, between 0.74 and 5.58 mm for the height data, between 0.75 and 5.9 mm for the circumferences, and between 0.78° and 2.98° for the angles. The smallest detectable difference values ranged from 0.86 to 16.36 mm for length, width, height, and circumference measures and from 2.17° to 8.26° for the angle measures. For the validity of the INFOOT three-dimensional foot digitizer, Pearson correlation coefficients varied between 0.750 and 0.997. Conclusions: In this rheumatoid arthritis population, good validity was demonstrated compared with clinical measurements, and most of the obtained parameters proved to be reliable. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 101(3): 198–207, 2011)

scholarly journals Subjective well-being as a predictor of peace attitudes in adolescentsErgenlerde barışa yönelik tutumların yordayıcısı olarak öznel iyi oluş

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuğba Sarı ◽  
Umut Kermen
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
And Gender

<p>The purpose of this study is to investigate attitudes towards peace with respect to subjective wellbeing and gender. The participants of the study were 240 students who were taking their high school education in Kocaeli. Two different inventories were applied to the students; Adolescent Subjective Wellbeing Inventory and Peace Attitudes Scale. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate if and to which degree subjective wellbeing predicts peace attitudes. To examine the relation between peace attitudes and gender, independent sample t-test was conducted. The results indicated that the peace attitudes of adolescents does not change according to gender (t238= -.153; p&gt;.05). According to the Pearson correlation coefficients, there is positive relations ranged from .30 to .65 between peace attitudes and four subscales of subjective well-being (p&lt;.001). The multiple regression analysis that was held to investigate the predictor role of subjective wellbeing on peace attitudes revealed that family relations satisfaction and positive feelings explains peace attitudes significantly (R<sup>2</sup>= .48 ; F reg= 53,468; p&lt; .001).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Bu çalışmanın amacı, lise öğrencilerinin barışa yönelik tutumlarının öznel iyi oluş (aile ilişkilerinde doyum, önemli diğer kişilerle ilişkide doyum, yaşam doyumu, olumlu duygular) ve cinsiyet açısından incelenmesidir. Araştırma verileri, 2014-2015 Eğitim ve Öğretim Yılı'nda Kocaeli ilinde üç lisede eğitim gören 14-16 yaşları arasında 240 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. Araştırma verileri kişisel bilgi formu, ergen öznel iyi oluş ölçeği ve barışa yönelik tutumlar ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada veri analizinde cinsiyete göre barışa yönelik tutumların değişip değişmediğini test etmek için t-testi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre, kız (X=16.297) ve erkek (X=16.356) öğrencilerin barışa yönelik tutumları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamaktadır (t238=-.153; p&gt;.05). Değişkenler arasındaki ilişki pearson korelasyon katsayısı ile incelendiğinde, barışa yönelik tutumlar ile öznel iyi oluşun dört alt boyutu arasındaki korelasyonların .30 ile .65 arasında değiştiği gözlenmiştir (p&lt;.001). Öznel iyi oluşun barışa yönelik tutumlarını açıklayıp açıklamadığını incelemek için yapılan çoklu regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre ise öznel iyi oluşun aile ilişkilerinde doyum ve olumlu duygular alt boyutlarının barışa yönelik tutumlar üzerinde açıklanan varyansa katkısının anlamlı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. (R<sup>2</sup>= .48 ; F reg= 53,468; p&lt; .001). <strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Correlation of long-term care facility vaccination practices between seasons and resident types

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily T O’Neill ◽  
Elliott Bosco ◽  
Erin Persico ◽  
Joe B Silva ◽  
Melissa R Riester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Short Stay ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Median Proportion

ABSTRACTObjectivesInfluenza vaccination varies widely across LTCFs due to staff behaviors, LTCF practices, and patient factors. It is unclear how seasonal LTCF vaccination varies between cohabitating but distinct short-stay and long-stay residents. Thus, we assessed the correlation of LTCF vaccination between these populations and across seasons.DesignNational retrospective cohort using Medicare and Minimum Data Set (MDS) data.Setting and ParticipantsU.S. LTCFs. Short-stay and long-stay Medicare-enrolled residents age ≥65 in U.S. LTCFs from a source population of residents during October 1st-March 31st in 2013-2014 (3,042,881 residents; 15,683 LTCFs) and 2014-2015 (3,143,174, residents; 15,667 LTCFs).MethodsMDS-assessed influenza vaccination was the outcome. Pearson correlation coefficients were estimated to assess seasonal correlations between short-stay and long-stay resident vaccination within LTCFs.ResultsThe median proportion of short-stay residents vaccinated across LTCFs was 70.4% (IQR, 50.0-82.7%) in 2013-2014 and 69.6% (IQR, 50.0-81.6%) in 2014-2015. The median proportion of long-stay residents vaccinated across LTCFs was 85.5% (IQR, 78.0-90.9%) in 2013-2014 and 84.6% (IQR, 76.6-90.3%) in 2014-2015. Within LTCFs, there was a moderate correlation between short-stay and long-stay vaccination in 2013-2014 (r=0.50, 95%CI: 0.49-0.51) and 2014-2015 (r=0.53, 95%CI: 0.51-0.54). Across seasons, there was a moderate correlation for LTCFs with short-stay residents (r=0.54, 95%CI: 0.53-0.55) and a strong correlation for those with long-stay residents (r=0.68, 95%CI: 0.67-0.69).Conclusion and ImplicationsIn LTCFs with inconsistent influenza vaccination across seasons or between populations, targeted vaccination protocols for all residents, regardless of stay type, may improve successful vaccination in this vulnerable patient population.Brief summaryIn LTCFs, influenza vaccination was moderately correlated across all residents, but varied across seasons. Inconsistent vaccination among cohabitating residents may increase infection risk in LTCFs.

scholarly journals Corporate governance compliance versus Syaria’ compliance and its link to firm’s performance in Malaysia

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
Noriza Mohd Saad
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Compliance Versus

The purpose of this study is to investigate level of compliance by corporate governance (CG) code of best practices and sharia’ principles among public listed companies in main board of Bursa Malaysia and to provide insights view in determining significance association between the corporate governance and sharia’ compliance with firm’s performance. Corporate governance compliance was measured by three board of directors (henceforth; BOD) facets; (i) director’s remuneration, (ii) directors training and (iii) number of family members. Meanwhile, syaria’ compliance is based on six proxies, (i) riba, (ii) gambling, (iii) sale of non halal product, (iv) conventional insurance, (v) entertainment and (vi) stockbroking. The data are gathered from the analysis of companies’ annual report and Thompson DataStream for a sample of 147 companies (for corporate governance compliance) and 36 companies (for syaria’ compliance) over the period of 2003 to 2007. The study employs multiple regression analyses, independent sample T-test and Pearson correlation on the hypotheses tested. The preliminary results reveal most of the company has complied well with the code of best practices and syaria’ principles and there is a significant association to the firm’s performance besides syaria’ compliance firms show a better performance compared to corporate governance compliance firms.

Language and Literacy Predictors of Dialect Density Among School-Age African American Children From Two Geographic Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-820
Author(s):  
Lena G. Caesar ◽  
Marie Kerins
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Oral Language ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
School Age ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
American Children

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral language, literacy skills, age, and dialect density (DD) of African American children residing in two different geographical regions of the United States (East Coast and Midwest). Method Data were obtained from 64 African American school-age children between the ages of 7 and 12 years from two geographic regions. Children were assessed using a combination of standardized tests and narrative samples elicited from wordless picture books. Bivariate correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to determine relationships to and relative contributions of oral language, literacy, age, and geographic region to DD. Results Results of correlation analyses demonstrated a negative relationship between DD measures and children's literacy skills. Age-related findings between geographic regions indicated that the younger sample from the Midwest outscored the East Coast sample in reading comprehension and sentence complexity. Multiple regression analyses identified five variables (i.e., geographic region, age, mean length of utterance in morphemes, reading fluency, and phonological awareness) that accounted for 31% of the variance of children's DD—with geographic region emerging as the strongest predictor. Conclusions As in previous studies, the current study found an inverse relationship between DD and several literacy measures. Importantly, geographic region emerged as a strong predictor of DD. This finding highlights the need for a further study that goes beyond the mere description of relationships to comparing geographic regions and specifically focusing on racial composition, poverty, and school success measures through direct data collection.

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