Preliminary Identification of Nonlinear Correlations for Spatial Tests and Reaction-Time Tasks

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-434
Author(s):  
Mark Y. Czarnolewski ◽  
John Eliot
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Mental Rotation Test ◽  
Rotation Test ◽  
Preliminary Identification ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Spatial Test ◽  
Nonlinear Correlations ◽  
Underlying Processes

Scores on three spatial tests (mental rotation, embedded figures, and gestalt completion) were significantly correlated with four same–different reaction-time tasks in a sample of 48 female university students. Scores on the Vandenberg-Kuse mental rotation test correlated best with a one-different–all-different task, embedded figures with a one-different-all-same task, and the gestalt completion with a one-same-all-same task, suggesting that the strategies subjects employ for each spatial test are similar to the strategies they use in each of the same–different tasks with which their scores correlate best. Present results support the position that stronger correlations than previously noted between scores on spatial tests and reaction-time tasks are observed when matching the tests and tasks in terms of hypothesized underlying processes.

Stile cognitivo visualizzatore in relazione ad abilitŕ immaginative e spaziali

2010 ◽  
pp. 47-63
Author(s):  
Carolina Mega ◽  
Alessia Canella ◽  
Francesca Pazzaglia
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Sono State ◽  
Mental Rotation Test ◽  
Spatial Imagery ◽  
Rotation Test

La presente ricerca si č proposta di esaminare, su un campione italiano, le relazioni esistenti tra stili cognitivi, abilitŕ immaginative e spaziali, e di verificare l'esistenza di differenze di genere. Hanno partecipato all'indagine 86 studenti (52 femmine e 34 maschi) di un Liceo Scientifico di Padova. Lo stile cognitivo č stato valutato attraverso tre strumenti: Verbalizer-Visualizer Questionnaire (Richardson, 1977), Object-Spatial Imagery Questionnaire (Blajenkova O., Kozhevnikov M. e Motes M.A., 2006a), Questionario sullo Stile Cognitivo (Kozhevnikov, Kosslyn e Shepard, 2005). Le abilitŕ immaginative e spaziali sono state indagate attraverso il Questionario sulla Vividezza delle immagini mentali (Marks, 1973) e il Mental Rotation Test (Vandenberg e Kuse, 1978). I risultati hanno evidenziato l'esistenza di due differenti tipologie di stile cognitivo visualizzatore, che presentano specifiche abilitŕ nell'elaborazione delle informazioni: i soggetti spatial, che preferiscono immagini schematiche delle relazioni spaziali tra oggetti, riescono meglio in compiti di abilitŕ spaziale. I soggetti object, invece, ottengono punteggi piů elevati nelle misure di vividezza delle immagini mentali. Inoltre differenze di genere sono state rinvenute nello stile cognitivo spatial, con punteggi piů elevati dei maschi.

Handedness and Mental Rotation

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. McGee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Mental Rotation Test ◽  
Rotation Test ◽  
Preference Task

Handedness and mental rotation test scores were examined by sex and generation for 801 individuals in 200 families. An orderly relationship between bilateralization of function on the hand preference task and mental rotation test scores was found.

scholarly journals Identifying solution strategies in a mental-rotation test with gender-stereotyped objects by analyzing gaze patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Saunders ◽  
Claudia Michaela Quaiser-Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mental Rotation Test ◽  
Solution Strategies ◽  
Rotation Test ◽  
Gaze Patterns ◽  
Object Parts ◽  
Combined Strategy ◽  
Rotation Strategy

Many studies deal with solution strategies in mental-rotation tests. The approaches range from global analysis, attention to object parts, holistic and piecemeal strategy to a combined strategy. Other studies do not speak of strategies, but of holistic or piecemeal processes or even of holistic or piecemeal rotation. The methodological approach used here is to identify mental-rotation strategies via gaze patterns derived from eye-tracking data when solving chronometric mental-rotation tasks with gender-stereotyped objects. The mental-rotation test consists of 3 male-stereotyped objects (locomotive, hammer, wrench) and 3 female-stereotyped objects (pram, hand mirror, brush) rotated at eight different angles. The sample consisted of 16 women and 10 men (age: M=21.58; SD=4.21). The results of a qualitative analysis with two individual objects (wrench and brush) showed four different gaze patterns. These gaze patterns appeared with different frequency in the two objects and correlated differently with performance and response time. The results indicate either an object-oriented or an egocentric mental-rotation strategy behind the gaze patterns. In general, a new methodological approach has been developed to identify mental-rotation strategies bottom-up which can also be used for other stimulus types.

scholarly journals Effect of Time Constraint in Exploring Spatial Differences With Balanced Allocation of Performance Factors in a Redrawn Mental Rotation Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hi-Lian Jeng ◽  
Yi-Lung Lin
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Spatial Ability ◽  
Item Type ◽  
Time Constraint ◽  
Related Field ◽  
Mental Rotation Test ◽  
Angular Disparity ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
Rotation Test

To achieve a comprehensive and unbiased measurement, a mental rotation test (MRT) (cube form) was redrawn and administered with influential performance factors, namely, time constraint, item type, angular disparity, and rotation/flipping. Item type, angular disparity, and rotation/flipping were systematically balanced into the items of the redrawn Pentomino-MRT, and two time-constraint conditions were randomly assigned to 813 Grade 4 to 6 primary students when administering the test. Children of these ages are of investigative interest because they are at crucial stages of spatial ability development and are at an age where associated gender differences emerge. The study demonstrates that spatial gender differences can be detected in Grade 4, are more marked in Grade 5, and become stable in Grade 6. The importance of time constraint is acknowledged in how and at what grade gender differences emerge under the conditions of the performance factors investigated. In particular, the performance of girls reminds us to focus on their spatial ability development if later STEM-related field participation is of concern.

Visuelle Vorstellungsfähigkeit, Bewegungsvorstellung und mentales Rotieren bei Morbus Parkinson

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Hirsch ◽  
W. Lehmann ◽  
M. Corth ◽  
B. Röhrle ◽  
S. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Morbus Parkinson ◽  
Mental Rotation Test ◽  
Rotation Test ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
Höheres Alter

Zusammenfassung: In dieser Studie wurden Parkinson-Patienten (n = 54) und eine Kontrollgruppe (n = 54) mit dem Mental Rotation Test (MRT), weiteren Verfahren zur visuellen Informationsverarbeitung und zur Bewegungsvorstellung untersucht. Die Kontrollgruppe weist im MRT signifikant mehr richtige Lösungen auf als die Patienten. Besonders ausgeprägt ist dieser Effekt bei den älteren Probanden. Ferner gibt es einen Geschlechtseffekt zugunsten der Männer. Die Patienten mit niedrigen MRT-Leistungen haben ein höheres Alter und einen höheren Wert in der Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), einer umfassenden Einschätzungsskala zur Schwere der Parkinson-Symptomatik. Die volle Manifestation der bilateralen Schädigung wirkt sich beim mentalen Rotieren besonders leistungsmindernd aus. Die Selbsteinschätzung zur visuellen Leistungsfähigkeit ist bei den Parkinson-Patienten unabhängig von ihrer tatsächlichen Leistungsfähigkeit. Die Befunde zeigen einen deutlichen Zusammenhang zwischen Schwere der Erkrankung und der Fähigkeit zum mentalen Rotieren. Damit bietet sich die mentale Rotationsleistung als einer von mehreren diagnostischen Indikatoren an. In Pfadanalysen wurde deutlich, dass die Parkinson-Patienten wahrscheinlich keine mentale Rotation durchführen, sondern auf visuelle Ersatzstrategien in Form von Abgleichungsprozessen zurückgreifen. Ein Training im Bereich des räumlichen Visualisierens (mentales Rotieren) wird empfohlen.

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