Pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin after oral administration in recently weaned piglets with experimentally induced Escherichia coli subtype O149:F4 diarrhea

2004 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 992-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda M. Jensen ◽  
Jens Lykkesfeldt ◽  
Kai Frydendahl ◽  
Kristian Moller ◽  
Ove Svendsen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Experimentally Induced

scholarly journals Effect of experimentally-induced villus atrophy on adhesion of K88ac-positive Escherichia coli in just-weaned piglets

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Cox ◽  
V. Cools ◽  
H. Thoonen ◽  
J. Hoorens ◽  
A. Houvenaghel
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Villus Atrophy ◽  
Experimentally Induced

scholarly journals Oral immunization against enterotoxigenic colibacillosis in weaned piglets by non-pathogenic Escherichia colistrain with K88 (F4) colonizing factors 

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Alexa ◽  
J. Hamrik ◽  
K. Stouracova ◽  
E. Salajka
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Oral Immunization ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Intramuscular Administration ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Immunization Protocol ◽  
The Third ◽  
Live Culture

Experiments were focused on the prevention of diarrhoea in weaned piglets by means of enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli (ETEC) with colonizing factors K88 (F4). The process of immunization consisted of intramuscular administration of ETEC strain bacterin one day prior to weaning and oral administration of a live culture of non-pathogenic E. coli strain containing colonizing factors (O149:K88; STa–, LT–) in 3 hours after weaning. The shedding of the K88 positive E. coli strains was monitored for 3 weeks after weaning by the culture of rectal swabs. The efficacy of such immunization protocol was tested by challenge exposure to enterotoxigenic E. coli O149:K88, LT+ strain on the third or the tenth day after weaning. Following the oral administration of non-pathogenic E. coli strain containing colonizing factors K88 to piglets, the shedding of the administered strain continued for 9 days. No or very small protection against diarrhoea following the challenge exposure to enterotoxigenic E. coli was found in immunized piglets.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Efficacy of Oral Administration of Fosfomycin on Experimentally Induced Edwardsiellosis in Japanese Flounder

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Tomokazu Takano ◽  
Yoshitsugu Mizuno ◽  
Yutaka Fukuda ◽  
Tomomasa Matsuyama ◽  
Takamits Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Japanese Flounder ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Bacteriophages reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 levels in experimentally inoculated sheep

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Bach ◽  
R P Johnson ◽  
K. Stanford ◽  
T A McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Oral Inoculation ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
And Control

Bacteriophage biocontrol has potential as a means of mitigating the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ruminants. The efficacy of oral administration of bacteriophages for reducing fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by sheep was evaluated using 20 Canadian Arcott rams (50.0 ± 3.0) housed in four rooms (n = 5) in a contained facility. The rams had ad libitum access to drinking water and a pelleted barley-based total mixed ration, delivered once daily. Experimental treatments consisted of administration of E. coli O157:H7 (O157), E. coli O157:H7+bacteriophages (O157+phage), bacteriophages (phage), and control (CON). Oral inoculation of the rams with 109 CFU of a mixture of four nalidixic acid-resistant strains of E. coli O157:H7 was performed on day 0. A mixture of 1010 PFU of bacteriophages P5, P8 and P11 was administered on days -2, -1, 0, 6 and 7. Fecal samples collected on 14 occasions over 21 d were analyzed for E. coli O157:H7, total E. coli, total coliforms and bacteriophages. Sheep in treatment O157+phage shed fewer (P < 0.05) E. coli O157:H7 than did sheep in treatment O157. Populations of total coliforms and total E. coli were similar (P < 0.05) among treatments, implying that bacteriophage lysis of non-target E. coli and coliform bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract did not occur. Bacteriophage numbers declined rapidly over 21 d, which likely reduced the chance of collision between bacteria and bacteriophage. Oral administration of bacteriophages reduced shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by sheep, but a delivery system that would protect bacteriophages during passage through the intestine may increase the effectiveness of this strategy as well as allow phage to be administered in the feed.Key words: Escherichia coli O157:H7, bacteriophage, sheep, environment, coliforms

scholarly journals Switching Shiga Toxin (Stx) Type from Stx2d to Stx2a but Not Stx2c Alters Virulence of Stx-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) Strain B2F1 in Streptomycin (Str)-Treated Mice

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Beth A. McNichol ◽  
Rebecca A. Bova ◽  
Kieron Torres ◽  
Lan N. Preston ◽  
Angela R. Melton-Celsa
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Toxin B ◽  
B Subunit ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
Binding Subunit

Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strain B2F1 produces Stx type 2d, a toxin that becomes more toxic towards Vero cells in the presence of intestinal mucus. STEC that make Stx2d are more pathogenic to streptomycin (Str)-treated mice than most STEC that produce Stx2a or Stx2c. However, purified Stx2d is only 2- or 7-fold more toxic by the intraperitoneal route than Stx2a or Stx2c, respectively. We hypothesized, therefore, that the toxicity differences among Stx2a, Stx2c, and Stx2d occur at the level of delivery from the intestine. To evaluate that hypothesis, we altered the toxin type produced by stx2d+ mouse virulent O91:H21 clinical isolate B2F1 to Stx2a or Stx2c. Because B2F1 encodes two copies of stx2d, we did these studies in a derivative of B2F1 in which stx2d1 was deleted. Although the strains were equivalently virulent to the Str-treated mice at the 1010 dose, the B2F1 strain that produced Stx2a was attenuated relative to the ones that produced Stx2d or Stx2c when administered at 103 CFU/mouse. We next compared the oral toxicities of purified Stx2a, Stx2c, and Stx2d. We found that purified Stx2d is more toxic than Stx2a or Stx2c upon oral administration at 4 µg/mouse. Taken together, these studies suggest that Stx2 toxins are most potent when delivered directly from the bacterium. Furthermore, because Stx2d and Stx2c have the identical amino acid composition in the toxin B subunit, our results indicate that the virulence difference between Stx2a and Stx2d and Stx2c resides in the B or binding subunit of the toxins.

scholarly journals Effects of Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Leaf Extract on Growth Performance and Metabolomics in Weaned Piglets Challenged by Escherichia Coli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingfa Wang ◽  
Luli Zhou ◽  
Hanlin Zhou ◽  
Guanyu Hou
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Ability ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence

Abstract Background: The effects of dietary supplementation with guava leaf extracts (GE) on growth performance, diarrhea and intestinal barrier function, as well as associated with its modulation of serum and fecal metabolic changes in weaned piglets challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were investigated.Method: Fifty weaned piglets (Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace) from 5 pens (2 piglets per pen) were randomly divided into five groups: blank control group (BC), negative control group (NC), or those supplemented with 50 mg kg-1 (S50), 100 mg kg-1 (S100), or 200 (S200) mg kg-1 diet GE, respectively. On day 4, all piglets (except for BC) were orally challenged with about 1.0 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU) enterotoxigenic ETEC. After 28-day trial, growth performance, diarrhea incidence, intestinal barrier function and metabolomics of serum and fecal were investigated.Results: We demonstrated that dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) reduced diarrhea incidence of piglets and increased expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1) (P < 0.05) and sodium hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) upregulated level of tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) and reversed higher level of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) caused by ETEC in serum compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets. In addition, dietary addition with GE (100 mg kg-1) reversed the lower level of L-pipecolic acid caused by ETEC in feces compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and decreased oxidative stress response of piglets. Further, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in the final weight, average daily feed intake (ADFI) and F/G among dietary groups during the overall period, and piglets in S50 group has the higher average daily gain (ADG). Conclusion: Dietary supplementation with 50-200 mg kg-1 GE reduced diarrhea incidence of weaned piglets challenged by ETEC and exhibited positive effect on improving intestinal barrier function. Meanwhile, dietary addition with GE organized and redistributed energy resources through similar or dissimilar metabolic pathways, and finally enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets challenged by ETEC.

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